{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066757459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2015.2403231","title":"Video Tracking Using Learned Hierarchical Features","display_name":"Video Tracking Using Learned Hierarchical Features","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066757459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2015.2403231","mag":"2066757459","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25700445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2015.2403231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2015.2403231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1511.07940","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336188","display_name":"Li Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1817-8213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418161","display_name":"Ting Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0749-064X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032988165","display_name":"Gang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1916-6110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108443","display_name":"Advanced Digital Sciences Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01xaqx887","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108443"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Digital Science Center, Singapore","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Digital Science Center, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108443"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109105937","display_name":"Kap Luk Chan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kap Luk Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034454494","display_name":"Qingxiong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-2335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingxiong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.2814,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":195,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99743982,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"1424","last_page":"1435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.812606692314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7702687382698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6279449462890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.6021988987922668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5337019562721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5017178058624268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.49481481313705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.46168866753578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.44663023948669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4130690097808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.41288959980010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.41194117069244385}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.812606692314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7702687382698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6279449462890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.6021988987922668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5337019562721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5017178058624268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.49481481313705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.46168866753578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.44663023948669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4130690097808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41288959980010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.41194117069244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2015.2403231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2015.2403231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25700445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25700445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1511.07940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1511.07940","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1511.07940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/107287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/107287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1511.07940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1511.07940","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1511.07940","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8568279831","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PSF1321202099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320696","funder_display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G885790777","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PSF1321202099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334971","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320696","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334971","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00zgdb249"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":96,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22861983","https://openalex.org/W95577512","https://openalex.org/W1533417424","https://openalex.org/W1538712971","https://openalex.org/W1552576688","https://openalex.org/W1722318740","https://openalex.org/W1807914171","https://openalex.org/W1897260080","https://openalex.org/W1900408618","https://openalex.org/W1908905119","https://openalex.org/W1968752118","https://openalex.org/W1974978785","https://openalex.org/W1978920452","https://openalex.org/W1981219153","https://openalex.org/W1998667615","https://openalex.org/W1999192586","https://openalex.org/W2000326692","https://openalex.org/W2002406878","https://openalex.org/W2016075127","https://openalex.org/W2027021064","https://openalex.org/W2035379092","https://openalex.org/W2051669046","https://openalex.org/W2053744956","https://openalex.org/W2057755039","https://openalex.org/W2060436934","https://openalex.org/W2060814785","https://openalex.org/W2061736157","https://openalex.org/W2066513304","https://openalex.org/W2066757459","https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2084112010","https://openalex.org/W2089961441","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2098854771","https://openalex.org/W2099350109","https://openalex.org/W2099501835","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2102674365","https://openalex.org/W2104985274","https://openalex.org/W2105180511","https://openalex.org/W2105406322","https://openalex.org/W2106869737","https://openalex.org/W2108215708","https://openalex.org/W2112274848","https://openalex.org/W2118097920","https://openalex.org/W2118897962","https://openalex.org/W2120480077","https://openalex.org/W2121193292","https://openalex.org/W2124211486","https://openalex.org/W2130320772","https://openalex.org/W2132103241","https://openalex.org/W2133114417","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2139047213","https://openalex.org/W2147533695","https://openalex.org/W2150000644","https://openalex.org/W2158917775","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162383208","https://openalex.org/W2162919312","https://openalex.org/W2163202312","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2165037244","https://openalex.org/W2167089254","https://openalex.org/W2183648259","https://openalex.org/W2217325140","https://openalex.org/W2253807446","https://openalex.org/W2293873019","https://openalex.org/W2295262250","https://openalex.org/W2613779721","https://openalex.org/W2753461371","https://openalex.org/W2986028972","https://openalex.org/W3103850820","https://openalex.org/W4232262564","https://openalex.org/W4232730838","https://openalex.org/W4236796448","https://openalex.org/W4301014524","https://openalex.org/W6600949241","https://openalex.org/W6632188756","https://openalex.org/W6637542466","https://openalex.org/W6638399501","https://openalex.org/W6665839387","https://openalex.org/W6674642818","https://openalex.org/W6675679973","https://openalex.org/W6675849164","https://openalex.org/W6676194229","https://openalex.org/W6676759488","https://openalex.org/W6677907805","https://openalex.org/W6678242812","https://openalex.org/W6683694789","https://openalex.org/W6683886257","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6684274140","https://openalex.org/W6684332838"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W2037549926","https://openalex.org/W2345479200","https://openalex.org/W2183306018","https://openalex.org/W2849310602","https://openalex.org/W3006008237","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W2419146053","https://openalex.org/W4388890789","https://openalex.org/W4313906399"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,16,71],"propose":[4,72],"an":[5],"approach":[6],"to":[7,21,54,77,84,104,123],"learn":[8,18],"hierarchical":[9,30,118,156],"features":[10,19,31,52,82,119],"for":[11,61],"visual":[12,62],"object":[13,63],"tracking.":[14,64],"First,":[15],"offline":[17],"robust":[20,53,122],"diverse":[22],"motion":[23,56,126,164],"patterns":[24],"from":[25],"auxiliary":[26],"video":[27,69,160],"sequences.":[28],"The":[29,89],"are":[32],"learned":[33,51,117,155],"via":[34],"a":[35,67,73,114],"two-layer":[36],"convolutional":[37],"neural":[38],"network.":[39],"Embedding":[40],"the":[41,46,50,80,85,97,109,116],"temporal":[42],"slowness":[43],"constraint":[44],"in":[45,93],"stacked":[47],"architecture":[48],"makes":[49],"complicated":[55,125,163],"transformations,":[57],"which":[58],"is":[59,91],"important":[60],"Then,":[65],"given":[66],"target":[68,87,111,132],"sequence,":[70],"domain":[74],"adaptation":[75,90],"module":[76,101],"online":[78],"adapt":[79],"pre-learned":[81],"according":[83],"specific":[86,110],"object.":[88,112],"conducted":[92],"both":[94,124],"layers":[95],"of":[96,108,131],"deep":[98],"feature":[99,137],"learning":[100,138],"so":[102],"as":[103],"include":[105],"appearance":[106,129],"information":[107],"As":[113],"result,":[115],"can":[120,150],"be":[121,151],"transformations":[127],"and":[128],"changes":[130],"objects.":[133],"We":[134],"integrate":[135],"our":[136,154],"algorithm":[139],"into":[140],"three":[141],"tracking":[142],"methods.":[143],"Experimental":[144],"results":[145],"demonstrate":[146],"that":[147],"significant":[148],"improvement":[149],"achieved":[152],"using":[153],"features,":[157],"especially":[158],"on":[159],"sequences":[161],"with":[162],"transformations.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}