{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065883119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2317988","title":"Sparse Spatial Coding: A Novel Approach to Visual Recognition","display_name":"Sparse Spatial Coding: A Novel Approach to Visual Recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065883119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2317988","mag":"2065883119","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24760909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2014.2317988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2317988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034236726","display_name":"Gabriel L. Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-9873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Leivas Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002613601","display_name":"Erickson R. Nascimento","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-2232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erickson R. Nascimento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102900612","display_name":"Ant\u00f4nio Wilson Vieira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8079-1671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43526919","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros","ror":"https://ror.org/01hewbk46","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Wilson Vieira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Unimontes, Montes Claros, Brazil","Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Unimontes, Montes Claros, Brazil#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Unimontes, Montes Claros, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Unimontes, Montes Claros, Brazil#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015111328","display_name":"M\u00e1rio F. M. Campos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-9190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Fernando Montenegro Campos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034236726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7071,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87606329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"2719","last_page":"2731"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7715895175933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-coding","display_name":"Neural coding","score":0.7289755940437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7242438793182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7158942222595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.5616036653518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.5329248309135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.4985628128051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.49379071593284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4750514030456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.47053655982017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/associative-array","display_name":"Associative array","score":0.4386010766029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39254626631736755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1494865119457245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7715895175933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77637269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002051","display_name":"Neural coding","level":2,"score":0.7289755940437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7242438793182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7158942222595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.5616036653518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.5329248309135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.4985628128051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.49379071593284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4750514030456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.47053655982017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168781493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80585","display_name":"Associative array","level":2,"score":0.4386010766029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39254626631736755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1494865119457245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2014.2317988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2317988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24760909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24760909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1606858007","https://openalex.org/W1799024362","https://openalex.org/W1999689402","https://openalex.org/W2004915807","https://openalex.org/W2006766164","https://openalex.org/W2009593947","https://openalex.org/W2017214807","https://openalex.org/W2020719522","https://openalex.org/W2027805700","https://openalex.org/W2027922120","https://openalex.org/W2056758595","https://openalex.org/W2084716923","https://openalex.org/W2090042335","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2104126266","https://openalex.org/W2105842272","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2113606819","https://openalex.org/W2113855951","https://openalex.org/W2114122776","https://openalex.org/W2117030034","https://openalex.org/W2118858186","https://openalex.org/W2124372976","https://openalex.org/W2127320676","https://openalex.org/W2130062883","https://openalex.org/W2132333011","https://openalex.org/W2134563198","https://openalex.org/W2137313500","https://openalex.org/W2139618600","https://openalex.org/W2144502914","https://openalex.org/W2144515720","https://openalex.org/W2144937830","https://openalex.org/W2150409012","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2151800797","https://openalex.org/W2152161678","https://openalex.org/W2153663612","https://openalex.org/W2154683974","https://openalex.org/W2160547390","https://openalex.org/W2162152641","https://openalex.org/W2162248889","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2166049352","https://openalex.org/W2166742463","https://openalex.org/W2169177311","https://openalex.org/W2184852195","https://openalex.org/W2397219080","https://openalex.org/W2538129186","https://openalex.org/W6636412649","https://openalex.org/W6638430507","https://openalex.org/W6674642818","https://openalex.org/W6675783020","https://openalex.org/W6676903177","https://openalex.org/W6677919164","https://openalex.org/W6679801795","https://openalex.org/W6679809621","https://openalex.org/W6680279962","https://openalex.org/W6680752570","https://openalex.org/W6682139812","https://openalex.org/W6686418764","https://openalex.org/W6729303262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2890544631","https://openalex.org/W2067062989","https://openalex.org/W3004790527","https://openalex.org/W4205656132","https://openalex.org/W2998105788","https://openalex.org/W2111634407","https://openalex.org/W4313886614","https://openalex.org/W2288994867","https://openalex.org/W2023486339","https://openalex.org/W2109957347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Successful":[0],"image-based":[1],"object":[2,57,98],"recognition":[3,99,159],"techniques":[4,11,146],"have":[5],"been":[6],"constructed":[7],"founded":[8],"on":[9,119,160,169],"powerful":[10],"such":[12,183],"as":[13],"sparse":[14,29,60,67],"representation,":[15],"in":[16,137],"lieu":[17],"of":[18,28,179],"the":[19,81,112,126,170,177],"popular":[20],"vector":[21],"quantization":[22],"approach.":[23],"However,":[24],"one":[25],"serious":[26],"drawback":[27],"space-based":[30],"methods":[31],"is":[32],"that":[33,36,104,150],"local":[34],"features":[35],"are":[37],"quite":[38,44],"similar":[39],"can":[40],"be":[41],"quantized":[42],"into":[43],"distinct":[45],"visual":[46],"words.":[47],"We":[48,76],"address":[49],"this":[50],"problem":[51],"with":[52,111],"a":[53,66],"novel":[54],"approach":[55,106,181],"for":[56,97,125,157,182],"recognition,":[58,174],"called":[59],"spatial":[61,72],"coding,":[62],"which":[63,93],"efficiently":[64],"combines":[65],"coding":[68,74],"dictionary":[69],"learning":[70],"and":[71,88,133,136,165],"constraint":[73],"stage.":[75],"performed":[77],"experimental":[78],"evaluation":[79],"using":[80],"Caltech":[82,84],"101,":[83],"256,":[85],"Corel":[86,89],"5000,":[87],"10000":[90],"data":[91],"sets,":[92],"were":[94],"specifically":[95,147],"designed":[96,148],"evaluation.":[100],"Our":[101,122],"results":[102,143,156,168],"show":[103],"our":[105,180],"achieves":[107],"high":[108,166],"accuracy":[109],"comparable":[110],"best":[113],"single":[114],"feature":[115,131],"method":[116,123],"previously":[117],"published":[118],"those":[120],"databases.":[121],"outperformed,":[124],"same":[127],"bases,":[128],"several":[129],"multiple":[130],"methods,":[132],"provided":[134],"equivalent,":[135],"few":[138],"cases,":[139],"slightly":[140],"less":[141],"accurate":[142],"than":[144],"other":[145],"to":[149],"end.":[151],"Finally,":[152],"we":[153],"report":[154],"state-of-the-art":[155],"scene":[158,173],"COsy":[161],"Localization":[162],"Dataset":[163],"(COLD)":[164],"performance":[167],"MIT-67":[171],"indoor":[172],"thus":[175],"demonstrating":[176],"generalization":[178],"tasks.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
