{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146983301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2312283","title":"Cross-Indexing of Binary SIFT Codes for Large-Scale Image Search","display_name":"Cross-Indexing of Binary SIFT Codes for Large-Scale Image Search","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146983301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2312283","mag":"2146983301","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24710404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2014.2312283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2312283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080018418","display_name":"Zhen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-1494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","CAS Key Lab. of Technol. in Geo-spatial Inf. Process. & Applic. Syst., Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Lab. of Technol. in Geo-spatial Inf. Process. & Applic. Syst., Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078141810","display_name":"Houqiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2188-3028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houqiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","CAS Key Lab. of Technol. in Geo-spatial Inf. Process. & Applic. Syst., Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Lab. of Technol. in Geo-spatial Inf. Process. & Applic. Syst., Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100618152","display_name":"Liyan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8846-1666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","[Computer Science Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Computer Science Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046805800","display_name":"Wengang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-9836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wengang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","CAS Key Lab. of Technol. in Geo-spatial Inf. Process. & Applic. Syst., Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Lab. of Technol. in Geo-spatial Inf. Process. & Applic. Syst., Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393506","display_name":"Qi Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-5047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","[Computer Science Department, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Computer Science Department, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080018418"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97927679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"5","first_page":"2047","last_page":"2057"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-invariant-feature-transform","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","score":0.9114584922790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-space","display_name":"Hamming space","score":0.8096815943717957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.7313376665115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.6213297843933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.619735598564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5832633972167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-code","display_name":"Binary code","score":0.5622128844261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5399930477142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nearest-neighbor-search","display_name":"Nearest neighbor search","score":0.5369091033935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5309222340583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.468568354845047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4658072590827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-code","display_name":"Gray code","score":0.4556148946285248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.44221609830856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-code","display_name":"Hamming code","score":0.42466408014297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-binary-patterns","display_name":"Local binary patterns","score":0.4187389314174652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4123755395412445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.32055413722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3177154064178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26001936197280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.2154780924320221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.20033878087997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.13186761736869812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61265191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767770","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","level":3,"score":0.9114584922790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779494224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5645799","display_name":"Hamming space","level":5,"score":0.8096815943717957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.7313376665115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.6213297843933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.619735598564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5832633972167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63435697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864135","display_name":"Binary code","level":3,"score":0.5622128844261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5399930477142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116738811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608751","display_name":"Nearest neighbor search","level":2,"score":0.5369091033935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5309222340583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.468568354845047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4658072590827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129861397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332772","display_name":"Gray code","level":2,"score":0.4556148946285248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.44221609830856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73150493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853922","display_name":"Hamming code","level":4,"score":0.42466408014297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87335442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2494345","display_name":"Local binary patterns","level":4,"score":0.4187389314174652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4123755395412445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32055413722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3177154064178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26001936197280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.2154780924320221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.20033878087997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.13186761736869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2014.2312283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2014.2312283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24710404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24710404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1676552347","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W1964858027","https://openalex.org/W1979931042","https://openalex.org/W1989072326","https://openalex.org/W1995266040","https://openalex.org/W2012833704","https://openalex.org/W2023991840","https://openalex.org/W2026014384","https://openalex.org/W2027252237","https://openalex.org/W2068072682","https://openalex.org/W2070959357","https://openalex.org/W2078530810","https://openalex.org/W2081332440","https://openalex.org/W2083368499","https://openalex.org/W2084620961","https://openalex.org/W2095004878","https://openalex.org/W2104929264","https://openalex.org/W2109761506","https://openalex.org/W2117228865","https://openalex.org/W2122557169","https://openalex.org/W2122934855","https://openalex.org/W2123049467","https://openalex.org/W2124404372","https://openalex.org/W2128017662","https://openalex.org/W2130230179","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2141362318","https://openalex.org/W2141584146","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2154952031","https://openalex.org/W2155980617","https://openalex.org/W2161449253","https://openalex.org/W2167481535","https://openalex.org/W2170426384","https://openalex.org/W2171448996","https://openalex.org/W2171790913","https://openalex.org/W2292992741","https://openalex.org/W2293597654","https://openalex.org/W4230940751","https://openalex.org/W4247915583","https://openalex.org/W6637324600","https://openalex.org/W6637400245","https://openalex.org/W6656977662","https://openalex.org/W6676280691","https://openalex.org/W6682717316","https://openalex.org/W6696891034","https://openalex.org/W6697214482"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966523540","https://openalex.org/W2981938443","https://openalex.org/W2371167013","https://openalex.org/W2122308665","https://openalex.org/W2036753599","https://openalex.org/W2949049896","https://openalex.org/W2963839334","https://openalex.org/W2797819729","https://openalex.org/W4297909034","https://openalex.org/W3208389924"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,53],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"there":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"growing":[6],"interest":[7],"in":[8,111],"mapping":[9],"visual":[10],"features":[11,106],"into":[12],"compact":[13,26],"binary":[14,27,89,113],"codes":[15,28,90],"for":[16,33,69],"applications":[17],"on":[18,108,124,132],"large-scale":[19,70,133],"image":[20,71,136],"collections.":[21],"Encoding":[22],"high-dimensional":[23],"data":[24,128],"as":[25],"reduces":[29],"the":[30,38,42,77,87,109,112,140,145],"memory":[31],"cost":[32],"storage.":[34],"Besides,":[35,96],"it":[36],"benefits":[37],"computational":[39],"efficiency":[40,143],"since":[41],"computation":[43],"of":[44,80,144],"similarity":[45],"can":[46],"be":[47,94],"efficiently":[48],"measured":[49],"by":[50],"Hamming":[51],"distance.":[52],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56,97],"propose":[57,98],"a":[58,99],"novel":[59],"flexible":[60],"scale":[61],"invariant":[62],"feature":[63],"transform":[64],"(SIFT)":[65],"binarization":[66],"(FSB)":[67],"algorithm":[68,75],"search.":[72],"The":[73,130],"FSB":[74],"explores":[76],"magnitude":[78],"patterns":[79],"SIFT":[81,114,118],"descriptor.":[82],"It":[83],"is":[84],"unsupervised":[85],"and":[86,116,142],"generated":[88],"are":[91],"demonstrated":[92],"to":[93,103],"dispreserving.":[95],"new":[100],"searching":[101],"strategy":[102],"find":[104],"target":[105],"based":[107],"cross-indexing":[110],"space":[115],"original":[117],"space.":[119],"We":[120],"evaluate":[121],"our":[122],"approach":[123],"two":[125],"publicly":[126],"released":[127],"sets.":[129],"experiments":[131],"partial":[134],"duplicate":[135],"retrieval":[137],"system":[138],"demonstrate":[139],"effectiveness":[141],"proposed":[146],"algorithm.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}