{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129823239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2009.2017339","title":"Hierarchical Segmentation-Based Image Coding Using Hybrid Quad-Binary Trees","display_name":"Hierarchical Segmentation-Based Image Coding Using Hybrid Quad-Binary Trees","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129823239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2009.2017339","mag":"2129823239","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19398407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2009.2017339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2009.2017339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044469907","display_name":"Ashraf A. Kassim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7435-8564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.A. Kassim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore. ashraf@nus.edu.sg","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept, Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore. ashraf@nus.edu.sg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept, Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024373838","display_name":"Wei Siong Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Siong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept, Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept, Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034378631","display_name":"Dornoosh Zonoobi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-4571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Zonoobi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept, Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept, Nat. Univ. of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5864,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90841121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"1284","last_page":"1291"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadtree","display_name":"Quadtree","score":0.7155755758285522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6898010969161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6594111323356628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6131512522697449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-tree","display_name":"Binary tree","score":0.5898780822753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5861251950263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5814061164855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5436791777610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-image","display_name":"Binary image","score":0.4953552484512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4926641583442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4849429428577423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4714549481868744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-structure","display_name":"Tree structure","score":0.46596649289131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.37881654500961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.36496099829673767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35752350091934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3418736457824707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151416825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934791","display_name":"Quadtree","level":2,"score":0.7155755758285522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6898010969161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6594111323356628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6131512522697449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197855036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380172","display_name":"Binary tree","level":2,"score":0.5898780822753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5861251950263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5814061164855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5436791777610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193828747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864118","display_name":"Binary image","level":4,"score":0.4953552484512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4926641583442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4849429428577423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4714549481868744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163797641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067937","display_name":"Tree structure","level":3,"score":0.46596649289131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.37881654500961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.36496099829673767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35752350091934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3418736457824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2009.2017339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2009.2017339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19398407","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19398407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/56184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/56184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108518943","https://openalex.org/W655548073","https://openalex.org/W1485280399","https://openalex.org/W1563732823","https://openalex.org/W1595505223","https://openalex.org/W1693827958","https://openalex.org/W1970008351","https://openalex.org/W1970657259","https://openalex.org/W1978451268","https://openalex.org/W1980149518","https://openalex.org/W1980389590","https://openalex.org/W1994461739","https://openalex.org/W2001350281","https://openalex.org/W2002811962","https://openalex.org/W2018942646","https://openalex.org/W2020625528","https://openalex.org/W2022491393","https://openalex.org/W2024177558","https://openalex.org/W2024952661","https://openalex.org/W2031614119","https://openalex.org/W2050576295","https://openalex.org/W2054055648","https://openalex.org/W2056378699","https://openalex.org/W2058257626","https://openalex.org/W2066462711","https://openalex.org/W2074798463","https://openalex.org/W2075342025","https://openalex.org/W2076208709","https://openalex.org/W2081386384","https://openalex.org/W2081808366","https://openalex.org/W2087435054","https://openalex.org/W2096102763","https://openalex.org/W2101811651","https://openalex.org/W2103212315","https://openalex.org/W2109305553","https://openalex.org/W2109504624","https://openalex.org/W2115031589","https://openalex.org/W2115952565","https://openalex.org/W2117853853","https://openalex.org/W2130397543","https://openalex.org/W2139276606","https://openalex.org/W2140377889","https://openalex.org/W2145263492","https://openalex.org/W2154996879","https://openalex.org/W2159828521","https://openalex.org/W2163779217","https://openalex.org/W2168717169","https://openalex.org/W4238865235","https://openalex.org/W6604438373","https://openalex.org/W6656633840","https://openalex.org/W6676904690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392144760","https://openalex.org/W2390361795","https://openalex.org/W1989315296","https://openalex.org/W2083016274","https://openalex.org/W2081022353","https://openalex.org/W2171099959","https://openalex.org/W2371060778","https://openalex.org/W2388874545","https://openalex.org/W2350542925","https://openalex.org/W4205932531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,10],"novel":[1],"segmentation-based":[2],"image":[3],"approximation":[4],"and":[5,21,54],"coding":[6],"technique":[7],"is":[8,16,40],"proposed.":[9],"hybrid":[11],"quad-binary":[12],"(QB)":[13],"tree":[14],"structure":[15],"utilized":[17],"to":[18,28],"efficiently":[19],"model":[20],"code":[22],"geometrical":[23],"information":[24],"within":[25],"images.":[26],"Compared":[27],"other":[29],"tree-based":[30],"representation":[31],"such":[32,50],"as":[33,51],"wedgelets,":[34],"the":[35],"proposed":[36],"QB-tree":[37],"based":[38],"method":[39],"more":[41],"efficient":[42],"for":[43],"a":[44],"wide":[45],"range":[46],"of":[47],"contour":[48],"features":[49],"junctions,":[52],"corners":[53],"ridges,":[55],"especially":[56],"at":[57],"low":[58],"bit":[59],"rates.":[60]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}