{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106887132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2008.2002837","title":"A Hybrid Color and Frequency Features Method for Face Recognition","display_name":"A Hybrid Color and Frequency Features Method for Face Recognition","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106887132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2008.2002837","mag":"2106887132","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18784044"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2008.2002837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2008.2002837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405113","display_name":"Zhiming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-4632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Jersey Inst. of Technol., Newark, NJ#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Jersey Inst. of Technol., Newark, NJ#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108489454","display_name":"Chengjun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengjun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Jersey Inst. of Technol., Newark, NJ#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Jersey Inst. of Technol., Newark, NJ#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100405113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.36139489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98079111,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"1975","last_page":"1980"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5945417881011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5098504424095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4708665907382965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.4670974612236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-space","display_name":"Color space","score":0.45453837513923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34727030992507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3470191955566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34485918283462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.25281524658203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.05478838086128235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5945417881011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5098504424095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4708665907382965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4670974612236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2961294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166863","display_name":"Color space","level":3,"score":0.45453837513923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34727030992507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3470191955566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34485918283462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25281524658203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.05478838086128235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003124","descriptor_name":"Colorimetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003124","descriptor_name":"Colorimetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003116","descriptor_name":"Color","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003124","descriptor_name":"Colorimetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005145","descriptor_name":"Face","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2008.2002837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2008.2002837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18784044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18784044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555969862","https://openalex.org/W1598106187","https://openalex.org/W1770825568","https://openalex.org/W1978379919","https://openalex.org/W2043999711","https://openalex.org/W2061272711","https://openalex.org/W2081547124","https://openalex.org/W2096813265","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2131081720","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2137659841","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2144119003","https://openalex.org/W2152433273","https://openalex.org/W2161308290","https://openalex.org/W2163035264","https://openalex.org/W2169364766","https://openalex.org/W2980468885","https://openalex.org/W3023411394","https://openalex.org/W6684561237"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655795019","https://openalex.org/W2082216369","https://openalex.org/W2150382074","https://openalex.org/W2390727152","https://openalex.org/W2028896475","https://openalex.org/W2385373070","https://openalex.org/W3198104320","https://openalex.org/W2051365026","https://openalex.org/W2000042884","https://openalex.org/W2364571238"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"correspondence":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,31],"novel":[4],"hybrid":[5,33,169],"Color":[6],"and":[7,60,65,103,138,147,177,182],"Frequency":[8],"Features":[9],"(CFF)":[10],"method":[11],"for":[12,36,75,132],"face":[13,38,77,173,187],"recognition.":[14],"The":[15,41,89,114,134],"CFF":[16],"method,":[17],"which":[18,49],"applies":[19,143],"an":[20],"Enhanced":[21],"Fisher":[22],"Model":[23],"(EFM),":[24],"extracts":[25,92],"the":[26,45,51,56,61,68,82,93,97,100,104,107,111,125,145,155,168,179],"complementary":[27,83,94,115,135,180],"frequency":[28,112,183],"features":[29,95,116,184],"in":[30,110],"new":[32,42],"color":[34,43,47,58,70,170,181],"space":[35,59,171],"improving":[37,76],"recognition":[39,78,174,188],"performance.":[40,189],"space,":[44,48,71],"RIQ":[46],"combines":[50],"R":[52,108],"component":[53,87,149],"image":[54,109],"of":[55,67,85,106,122],"RGB":[57],"chromatic":[62],"components":[63],"I":[64,146],"Q":[66,148],"YIQ":[69],"displays":[72],"prominent":[73],"capability":[74],"performance":[79,175],"due":[80],"to":[81,128,144],"characteristics":[84],"its":[86],"images.":[88],"EFM":[90],"then":[91,118],"from":[96],"real":[98],"part,":[99,102],"imaginary":[101],"magnitude":[105],"domain.":[113],"are":[117],"fused":[119],"by":[120],"means":[121],"concatenation":[123],"at":[124],"feature":[126,136,139],"level":[127,140],"derive":[129],"similarity":[130],"scores":[131],"classification.":[133],"extraction":[137],"fusion":[141],"procedure":[142],"images":[150],"as":[151],"well.":[152],"Experiments":[153],"on":[154],"Face":[156],"Recognition":[157],"Grand":[158],"Challenge":[159],"(FRGC)":[160],"version":[161],"2":[162],"Experiment":[163],"4":[164],"show":[165],"that":[166],"i)":[167],"improves":[172],"significantly,":[176],"ii)":[178],"further":[185],"improve":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}