{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413466070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3598391","title":"Topology Optimization and Experimental Validation of a Magnet Structure for Portable Ultralow-Field MRI Devices","display_name":"Topology Optimization and Experimental Validation of a Magnet Structure for Portable Ultralow-Field MRI Devices","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413466070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3598391"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3598391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3598391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2433/298179","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084916655","display_name":"Xiaohan Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6659-7151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","display_name":"Kyoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohan Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6659-7151","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100784814","display_name":"Sheng Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4320-2732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","Massachusetts General Hospital, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4320-2732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts General Hospital, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044056191","display_name":"Xianneng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9204-5702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianneng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9204-5702","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101699610","display_name":"Jiamin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-9137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159500","display_name":"Shenzhen Academy of Aerospace Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05etzsm06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159500"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiamin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Academy of Aerospace Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4942-9137","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Academy of Aerospace Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000464073","display_name":"Hajime Igarashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0852-3231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205349734","display_name":"Hokkaido University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e16g702","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hajime Igarashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data-Driven Research Emergence Department, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0852-3231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data-Driven Research Emergence Department, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205349734"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027770640","display_name":"Zheng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3968-414X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3968-414X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23285194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9544000029563904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.657673716545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.575218915939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology-optimization","display_name":"Topology optimization","score":0.5592397451400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.47784778475761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4510768949985504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.4147948920726776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3870580196380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3738999366760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3661051392555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.36467546224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-magnetic-resonance","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","score":0.36446383595466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.16669580340385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.12953051924705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12092861533164978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.657673716545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.575218915939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189216461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443456","display_name":"Topology optimization","level":3,"score":0.5592397451400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47784778475761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4510768949985504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.4147948920726776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3870580196380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3738999366760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3661051392555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36467546224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.36446383595466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.16669580340385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.12953051924705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12092861533164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3598391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3598391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01221:0007135384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2433/298179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01221:0007135384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2433/298179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2790856293","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJZD20230923114110019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","funder_display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G525411673","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CJGJZD20200617102402006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","funder_display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6821663956","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52077023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026920970","https://openalex.org/W2071020865","https://openalex.org/W2130261750","https://openalex.org/W2766816760","https://openalex.org/W2886000387","https://openalex.org/W2955849474","https://openalex.org/W2969888921","https://openalex.org/W3086493648","https://openalex.org/W3110229364","https://openalex.org/W3159129460","https://openalex.org/W3194513937","https://openalex.org/W4200575161","https://openalex.org/W4225001905","https://openalex.org/W4307902616","https://openalex.org/W4312421795","https://openalex.org/W4384561848","https://openalex.org/W4386362983","https://openalex.org/W4399994740"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046491619","https://openalex.org/W2389142552","https://openalex.org/W2239929624","https://openalex.org/W2883804989","https://openalex.org/W1974803732","https://openalex.org/W2008556190","https://openalex.org/W2081304691","https://openalex.org/W2127556255","https://openalex.org/W3018492858","https://openalex.org/W279903623"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Portable":[0],"ultralow-field":[1],"(ULF)":[2],"magnetic":[3,72,108],"resonance":[4],"imaging":[5,44,193],"(MRI)":[6],"offers":[7],"advantages":[8],"over":[9],"conventional":[10,135],"high-field":[11],"MRI,":[12],"including":[13],"mobility,":[14],"reduced":[15],"weight,":[16],"and":[17,30,151,167,174],"lower":[18],"cost,":[19],"which":[20],"make":[21],"it":[22],"suitable":[23],"for":[24],"specialized":[25],"settings":[26],"such":[27],"as":[28],"ambulances":[29],"intensive":[31],"care":[32],"units.":[33],"To":[34],"maximize":[35],"its":[36,65],"benefits,":[37],"further":[38],"reducing":[39,180],"overall":[40,182],"weight":[41,66,126],"while":[42,67,104],"maintaining":[43,105],"quality":[45],"is":[46],"a":[47,69,121,152,164],"key":[48],"development":[49],"trend.":[50],"This":[51],"study":[52],"applies":[53],"topology":[54,97],"optimization":[55,81,100],"(TO)":[56],"to":[57,63,128,148,185],"the":[58,75,83,93,114,117,129,134,143,181],"iron":[59,125],"yoke":[60],"in":[61,74,113,124],"order":[62],"reduce":[64],"achieving":[68],"stronger":[70],"static":[71],"field":[73,109,183],"ULF":[76,161],"MRI":[77,162],"device.":[78],"Unlike":[79],"parametric":[80],"(PO),":[82],"TO":[84,118,144],"method":[85,119,145],"does":[86],"not":[87],"rely":[88],"on":[89],"predefined":[90],"structures,":[91],"enabling":[92],"discovery":[94],"of":[95],"novel":[96],"designs.":[98],"The":[99,138],"results":[101],"demonstrate":[102],"that":[103],"an":[106],"average":[107],"above":[110],"100":[111],"mT":[112],"target":[115],"region,":[116],"achieves":[120],"29.4%":[122],"reduction":[123],"compared":[127],"optimal":[130,139],"structure":[131,140],"obtained":[132],"by":[133],"PO":[136],"method.":[137],"derived":[141],"from":[142],"was":[146,154,178,194],"simplified":[147],"facilitate":[149],"manufacturing,":[150],"prototype":[153],"fabricated":[155],"accordingly.":[156],"In":[157],"this":[158,198],"newly":[159],"developed":[160],"system,":[163],"shimming":[165,169,177],"ring":[166],"passive":[168],"magnet":[170],"blocks":[171],"were":[172],"incorporated,":[173],"second-order":[175],"active":[176],"applied,":[179],"inhomogeneity":[184],"300":[186],"parts":[187],"per":[188],"million":[189],"(ppm).":[190],"Water":[191],"phantom":[192],"successfully":[195],"performed":[196],"using":[197],"fully":[199],"redesigned":[200],"system.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
