{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412164747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3586376","title":"Evaluating and Optimizing Conventional Training Circuits for Analog Fault Diagnosis via Transfer Learning","display_name":"Evaluating and Optimizing Conventional Training Circuits for Analog Fault Diagnosis via Transfer Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412164747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3586376"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3586376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3586376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yurong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7594-6263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64852412","display_name":"Sichuan University of Science and Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/053fzma23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yurong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7594-6263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kun Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7727-3022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64852412","display_name":"Sichuan University of Science and Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/053fzma23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7727-3022","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100721096","display_name":"Dan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3900-6664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64852412","display_name":"Sichuan University of Science and Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/053fzma23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3900-6664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qinglin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9442-5517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64852412","display_name":"Sichuan University of Science and Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/053fzma23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinglin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9442-5517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Information Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Automation and Information Engineering, Sichuan University of Science &#x0026; Engineering, Zigong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64852412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65813269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.964900016784668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analogue-electronics","display_name":"Analogue electronics","score":0.6377960443496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5604584813117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5172886848449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5094438195228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.48142001032829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.382496178150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3415709137916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2808833122253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2219524085521698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29074008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174925","display_name":"Analogue electronics","level":3,"score":0.6377960443496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5604584813117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5172886848449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5094438195228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.48142001032829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.382496178150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3415709137916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2808833122253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2219524085521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3586376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3586376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7526165825","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018RCL19","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322947","funder_display_name":"Sichuan University of Science and Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8178524110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFSY0056","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336596","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322947","display_name":"Sichuan University of Science and Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/053fzma23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336596","display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1771266423","https://openalex.org/W2018787098","https://openalex.org/W2026396481","https://openalex.org/W2087754676","https://openalex.org/W2090124551","https://openalex.org/W2141652275","https://openalex.org/W2182242529","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2324336313","https://openalex.org/W2341973567","https://openalex.org/W2415795929","https://openalex.org/W2460988051","https://openalex.org/W2518269126","https://openalex.org/W2549351519","https://openalex.org/W2604523962","https://openalex.org/W2776271218","https://openalex.org/W2789290713","https://openalex.org/W2795126147","https://openalex.org/W2795765414","https://openalex.org/W2805966918","https://openalex.org/W2901240338","https://openalex.org/W2952746501","https://openalex.org/W2963104543","https://openalex.org/W2963980515","https://openalex.org/W3002656377","https://openalex.org/W3025542277","https://openalex.org/W3046221644","https://openalex.org/W3104997747","https://openalex.org/W3120741450","https://openalex.org/W3152902866","https://openalex.org/W3158169218","https://openalex.org/W3158558719","https://openalex.org/W3162621823","https://openalex.org/W3173417448","https://openalex.org/W4206199419","https://openalex.org/W4283654373","https://openalex.org/W4288779689","https://openalex.org/W4294664110","https://openalex.org/W4310355591","https://openalex.org/W4323358415","https://openalex.org/W4377939676","https://openalex.org/W4383904388","https://openalex.org/W4385076707","https://openalex.org/W4387304373"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201126466","https://openalex.org/W4282827391","https://openalex.org/W4405541655","https://openalex.org/W4386828785","https://openalex.org/W3165580226","https://openalex.org/W3135401135","https://openalex.org/W4241196849","https://openalex.org/W3163522598","https://openalex.org/W2375192119","https://openalex.org/W3211653297"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soft-fault":[0],"diagnosis":[1],"in":[2,64],"analog":[3],"circuits":[4,39,111],"increasingly":[5],"relies":[6],"on":[7,138,146],"neural":[8],"networks,":[9],"yet":[10],"diagnostic":[11,208],"accuracy":[12],"is":[13,55,136],"fundamentally":[14],"constrained":[15],"by":[16],"the":[17,20,52,60,87,94,117,174,181,187,212],"quality":[18],"of":[19],"training":[21,38,110],"data":[22,32],"supplied":[23],"to":[24,92,211],"those":[25],"networks.":[26],"Most":[27],"studies":[28],"still":[29],"generate":[30],"that":[31,75],"with":[33,158],"a":[34,147],"few":[35],"long-standing":[36],"\u201cbenchmark\u201d":[37],"(e.g.,":[40],"Sallen-Key":[41],"bandpass":[42],"filter":[43,91],"and":[44,49,78,105,116,126,160,167,186,206],"four-op-amp":[45,89],"biquad":[46,90],"high-pass":[47],"filter)":[48],"tacitly":[50],"assume":[51],"circuit":[53,176],"choice":[54],"inconsequential.":[56],"Our":[57],"experiments":[58],"reveal":[59],"opposite:":[61],"component":[62,95],"symmetries":[63,96],"these":[65],"classic":[66],"topologies":[67],"create":[68],"fault-response":[69],"overlap,":[70],"producing":[71],"ambiguous":[72],"feature":[73],"sets":[74],"hamper":[76],"classification":[77,179],"generalization.":[79],"To":[80],"overcome":[81],"this":[82],"limitation,":[83],"we":[84,155],"structurally":[85],"modify":[86],"original":[88,114],"break":[93],"responsible":[97],"for":[98],"fault":[99,107,121],"confusion,":[100],"thereby":[101],"yielding":[102],"more":[103,148,204],"diverse":[104],"separable":[106],"responses.":[108],"Three":[109],"are":[112],"evaluated\u2014Sallen-Key,":[113],"four-op-amp,":[115],"optimized":[118,175],"design\u2014under":[119],"consistent":[120],"category":[122],"count,":[123],"excitation":[124],"signal,":[125],"sample":[127],"length.":[128],"A":[129],"fixed":[130],"one-dimensional":[131],"Residual":[132],"Network":[133],"(1-D":[134],"ResNet)":[135],"trained":[137],"each":[139],"dataset;":[140],"transfer":[141],"learning":[142],"then":[143],"tests":[144],"generalization":[145],"complex":[149],"leapfrog":[150],"circuit.":[151],"Besides":[152],"overall":[153],"accuracy,":[154,180],"visualize":[156],"embeddings":[157],"t-SNE":[159],"quantify":[161],"separability":[162],"through":[163],"inter-class":[164,184],"centroid":[165],"distance":[166],"intra-class":[168,189],"variance.":[169,190],"Across":[170],"100":[171],"independent":[172],"trials,":[173],"achieves":[177],"higher":[178],"largest":[182],"average":[183],"distance,":[185],"lowest":[188],"Moreover,":[191],"it":[192],"consistently":[193],"shows":[194],"smaller":[195],"or":[196],"comparable":[197],"standard":[198],"deviations":[199],"across":[200],"all":[201],"metrics,":[202],"indicating":[203],"stable":[205],"reliable":[207],"performance":[209],"compared":[210],"conventional":[213],"circuits.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
