{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411408556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3580828","title":"Active Electromagnetic Tracking System With Directionally Uniform and High Accuracy Using 2-DoF Orientation Control of the Magnetic Source","display_name":"Active Electromagnetic Tracking System With Directionally Uniform and High Accuracy Using 2-DoF Orientation Control of the Magnetic Source","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411408556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3580828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3580828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3580828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111574953","display_name":"Guofei Teng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gongyue Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100582253","display_name":"Shuda Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0175-233X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuda Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100551758","display_name":"Junxi Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086685027","display_name":"Deze Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dekang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113111449","display_name":"Y.M. Zeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifeng Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034269100","display_name":"Shuangyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-3259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Automation, State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055704618","display_name":"Heng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8670-7132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111574953"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.2126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6532567143440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.5577396750450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.46416595578193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.44094786047935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-interference","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","score":0.43665605783462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4042602777481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36895573139190674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.32272273302078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.32211560010910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.27928146719932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24496594071388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20790457725524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1471383273601532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1458130180835724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6532567143440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.5577396750450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.46416595578193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.44094786047935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184892835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474513","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","level":2,"score":0.43665605783462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4042602777481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36895573139190674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.32272273302078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.32211560010910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.27928146719932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24496594071388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20790457725524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1471383273601532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1458130180835724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3580828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3580828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1388653113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3001499277","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7103724001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203175","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8128571667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515010099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8527105250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515010099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013681472","https://openalex.org/W2161425799","https://openalex.org/W2520777520","https://openalex.org/W2598380386","https://openalex.org/W2790374560","https://openalex.org/W2810031855","https://openalex.org/W2902093375","https://openalex.org/W2957319803","https://openalex.org/W2971851026","https://openalex.org/W2980790222","https://openalex.org/W2997015845","https://openalex.org/W2999176314","https://openalex.org/W3044182567","https://openalex.org/W3152132011","https://openalex.org/W3174109486","https://openalex.org/W3204267514","https://openalex.org/W3207058687","https://openalex.org/W3212353538","https://openalex.org/W4205437761","https://openalex.org/W4206675550","https://openalex.org/W4226346875","https://openalex.org/W4312051483","https://openalex.org/W4313244214","https://openalex.org/W4317761541","https://openalex.org/W4322505824","https://openalex.org/W4390099876","https://openalex.org/W4390603951","https://openalex.org/W4393864504","https://openalex.org/W4400679839","https://openalex.org/W4402623235","https://openalex.org/W4404641632","https://openalex.org/W4405786667"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084086966","https://openalex.org/W2023861399","https://openalex.org/W2108494335","https://openalex.org/W2730915376","https://openalex.org/W2626306547","https://openalex.org/W2021396365","https://openalex.org/W2394134009","https://openalex.org/W2013460191","https://openalex.org/W76001227","https://openalex.org/W2119515433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electromagnetic":[0],"tracking,":[1],"as":[2,135],"a":[3],"non-contacting":[4],"and":[5,19,34,44,75,101,132,150],"occlusion-free":[6],"localization":[7],"method,":[8],"has":[9],"been":[10],"widely":[11],"used":[12],"to":[13,60,99,113,139,146],"track":[14],"various":[15],"intracorporeal":[16],"medical":[17],"devices":[18],"robots":[20],"in":[21,197],"minimally":[22],"invasive":[23],"medicine.":[24],"Although":[25],"it":[26,133],"is":[27,63,78,97,107,115,121,160,175,185],"well":[28],"known":[29],"that":[30,109,170],"the":[31,39,42,45,48,54,57,61,69,85,91,103,110,116,119,125,130,136,140,143,154,164,167,179,201],"magnetic":[32,46,73,88,94,111,126,172],"sensitivity":[33,74,89,112],"tracking":[35,51,76,104,158,183,192],"accuracy":[36,52,77,152,193],"deteriorates":[37],"with":[38,188],"distance":[40],"between":[41],"sensor":[43,58,120,137],"source,":[47],"dependence":[49],"of":[50,56,72,84,87,93,129,142,166],"on":[53,124],"direction":[55],"relative":[59],"electromagnet":[62,168],"long":[64],"overlooked.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"directional":[70],"variation":[71],"analytically":[79],"investigated.":[80],"A":[81],"novel":[82],"representation":[83],"magnitude":[86],"(i.e.,":[90],"determinant":[92],"measurement":[95],"Jacobian)":[96],"proposed":[98],"quantify":[100],"predict":[102],"accuracy.":[105],"It":[106],"demonstrated":[108],"position":[114,191],"highest":[117],"when":[118],"located":[122],"exactly":[123],"moment":[127,173],"axis":[128,174],"electromagnet,":[131,155],"decreases":[134],"moves":[138],"side":[141],"electromagnet.":[144,202],"Therefore,":[145],"maintain":[147],"directionally":[148],"uniform":[149],"high":[151,190],"around":[153,194,200],"an":[156],"active":[157,182],"system":[159,184],"developed":[161],"by":[162],"controlling":[163],"orientation":[165],"such":[169],"its":[171],"always":[176],"pointed":[177],"towards":[178],"sensor.":[180],"The":[181],"experimentally":[186],"validated":[187],"uniformly":[189],"3":[195],"mm":[196],"all":[198],"directions":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}