{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412030656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571163","title":"Using Laser-Based Optical Distribution to Achieve First Subpicosecond Multimodule Synchronization in Positron Emission Tomography System","display_name":"Using Laser-Based Optical Distribution to Achieve First Subpicosecond Multimodule Synchronization in Positron Emission Tomography System","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412030656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3571163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024387764","display_name":"Weiyan Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9549-9482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137180","display_name":"Institute of High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/03v8tnc06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weiyan Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350002","display_name":"Yingjie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-2266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137180","display_name":"Institute of High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/03v8tnc06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingjie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024871348","display_name":"Liang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-0225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149211","display_name":"Institute of Semiconductors","ror":"https://ror.org/048dd0611","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210149211"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Semiconductors, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Semiconductors, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019033016","display_name":"Congbiao Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9271-7214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149211","display_name":"Institute of Semiconductors","ror":"https://ror.org/048dd0611","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210149211"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Congbiao Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Semiconductors, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Semiconductors, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111679799","display_name":"Jiale Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7643-7469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137180","display_name":"Institute of High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/03v8tnc06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiale Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110520430","display_name":"Xianchao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4086-0243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137180","display_name":"Institute of High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/03v8tnc06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianchao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328665","display_name":"Zhiming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-8178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137180","display_name":"Institute of High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/03v8tnc06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100786484","display_name":"Long Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9952-7149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137180","display_name":"Institute of High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/03v8tnc06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024387764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137180"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14518496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6458154320716858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-emission-tomography","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","score":0.6040041446685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/picosecond","display_name":"Picosecond","score":0.5936976075172424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.48132216930389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-emission","display_name":"Positron emission","score":0.4446676969528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.42531126737594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4003227651119232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.39757245779037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3942408263683319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.28194570541381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2460465133190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18439888954162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.08607733249664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.08148053288459778}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6458154320716858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775842073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208376","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","level":2,"score":0.6040041446685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55005982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3902709","display_name":"Picosecond","level":3,"score":0.5936976075172424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.48132216930389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37097830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357356","display_name":"Positron emission","level":3,"score":0.4446676969528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.42531126737594604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4003227651119232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.39757245779037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3942408263683319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.28194570541381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2460465133190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18439888954162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.08607733249664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.08148053288459778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3571163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8663442477","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12075267","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W996936554","https://openalex.org/W1987392516","https://openalex.org/W2060878107","https://openalex.org/W2075854697","https://openalex.org/W2088783247","https://openalex.org/W2122597476","https://openalex.org/W2126350416","https://openalex.org/W2148488773","https://openalex.org/W2158101952","https://openalex.org/W2301989527","https://openalex.org/W2528691815","https://openalex.org/W2758460516","https://openalex.org/W2760029687","https://openalex.org/W2766937344","https://openalex.org/W2783485385","https://openalex.org/W2789950268","https://openalex.org/W2795988997","https://openalex.org/W2901307172","https://openalex.org/W2901583583","https://openalex.org/W2901884997","https://openalex.org/W2908556374","https://openalex.org/W2908935473","https://openalex.org/W2909887812","https://openalex.org/W2921987631","https://openalex.org/W2995392475","https://openalex.org/W3005219514","https://openalex.org/W3009225002","https://openalex.org/W3012985221","https://openalex.org/W3014147424","https://openalex.org/W3027275779","https://openalex.org/W3045254125","https://openalex.org/W3081421293","https://openalex.org/W3107365689","https://openalex.org/W3116091915","https://openalex.org/W3122387082","https://openalex.org/W3130793584","https://openalex.org/W3136419274","https://openalex.org/W3146592234","https://openalex.org/W3161051557","https://openalex.org/W3174802479","https://openalex.org/W3185601680","https://openalex.org/W3206441410","https://openalex.org/W3212062667","https://openalex.org/W3217598852","https://openalex.org/W4229758276","https://openalex.org/W4283793576","https://openalex.org/W4303859202","https://openalex.org/W4306156581","https://openalex.org/W4318197627","https://openalex.org/W4321434641","https://openalex.org/W4366823384","https://openalex.org/W4378837909","https://openalex.org/W4384818150","https://openalex.org/W4386898335","https://openalex.org/W4387490681","https://openalex.org/W4387975176","https://openalex.org/W4394762680","https://openalex.org/W4398783087","https://openalex.org/W6686970232","https://openalex.org/W6716220093","https://openalex.org/W6736413395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2774686623","https://openalex.org/W2081959309","https://openalex.org/W2976224709","https://openalex.org/W3005486076","https://openalex.org/W2811187352","https://openalex.org/W2503647653","https://openalex.org/W2271035641","https://openalex.org/W2074037842","https://openalex.org/W1965747368","https://openalex.org/W2056929691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,5,12,44,49,52,55,70,86,112,119,137,141,151],"time":[2,20,57],"performance":[3],"of":[4,14,80,101,108,125],"PET":[6,142],"detector":[7],"itself":[8],"continues":[9],"to":[10,34,153],"improve,":[11],"impact":[13],"multi-module":[15],"synchronization":[16,32,37,87,120,133,138],"precision":[17,88,113,121,139],"on":[18,43],"system-level":[19],"resolution":[21],"becomes":[22],"increasingly":[23],"evident.":[24],"Therefore,":[25],"we":[26],"propose":[27],"a":[28,97],"laser-based":[29,132],"optical":[30,84],"distribution":[31],"method":[33,134],"achieve":[35],"higher":[36],"precision.":[38],"Experiments":[39],"were":[40],"conducted":[41],"based":[42],"design,":[45],"verifying":[46],"that":[47,79],"after":[48,122],"laser":[50],"carries":[51],"reference":[53],"signal,":[54],"additional":[56],"uncertainty":[58],"is":[59,75,92,105,127],"only":[60],"0.836":[61],"ps":[62,94,129],"full":[63],"width":[64],"at":[65],"half":[66],"maximum":[67],"(FWHM),":[68],"and":[69,114,144,148],"output":[71],"signal's":[72],"slew":[73],"rate":[74],"over":[76,111],"six":[77],"times":[78],"traditional":[81],"solutions.":[82],"After":[83],"distribution,":[85],"between":[89],"synchronous":[90],"signals":[91],"0.855":[93],"FWHM,":[95],"with":[96],"delay":[98],"variation":[99],"range":[100],"0.47":[102],"ps.":[103],"This":[104],"an":[106],"order":[107],"magnitude":[109],"improvement":[110],"stability":[115],"currently":[116],"achievable.":[117],"Moreover,":[118],"15":[123],"km":[124],"transmission":[126],"2.34":[128],"FWHM.":[130],"The":[131],"can":[135],"improve":[136],"in":[140,156],"system":[143],"optimize":[145],"its":[146],"integration,":[147],"also":[149],"has":[150],"potential":[152],"be":[154],"valuable":[155],"ultra-large":[157],"systems.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
