{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410886942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571138","title":"Omnidirectional Diamond-Based Vector Magnetometers","display_name":"Omnidirectional Diamond-Based Vector Magnetometers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410886942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571138"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3571138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025950238","display_name":"Zhiyin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-171X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006028350","display_name":"Xiu-e Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107915952","display_name":"Yunzhao Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunzhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029248866","display_name":"Pengxuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8399-0078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengxuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610858","display_name":"Zi\u2010Qi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0469-8942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100767882","display_name":"Liyi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-2891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025950238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10131553,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetometer","display_name":"Magnetometer","score":0.8406597375869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omnidirectional-antenna","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","score":0.6544095873832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diamond","display_name":"Diamond","score":0.5193622708320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3945813477039337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32248514890670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32139697670936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20823630690574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.1923736333847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.09369239211082458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.8406597375869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.6544095873832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776921476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283","display_name":"Diamond","level":2,"score":0.5193622708320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3945813477039337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32248514890670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32139697670936584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20823630690574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.1923736333847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.09369239211082458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3571138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3571138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4947269227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFC2200500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6486122453","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFA1604501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6812673801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52477004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553399543","https://openalex.org/W1986925661","https://openalex.org/W1989668627","https://openalex.org/W2084333685","https://openalex.org/W2116314003","https://openalex.org/W2131245179","https://openalex.org/W2139356817","https://openalex.org/W2156322749","https://openalex.org/W2793165949","https://openalex.org/W2983826034","https://openalex.org/W2986817144","https://openalex.org/W2994831876","https://openalex.org/W2996529363","https://openalex.org/W3011979913","https://openalex.org/W3014097088","https://openalex.org/W3017898518","https://openalex.org/W3038401730","https://openalex.org/W3096514904","https://openalex.org/W3133826469","https://openalex.org/W3196034674","https://openalex.org/W3203599872","https://openalex.org/W4210409343","https://openalex.org/W4297326668","https://openalex.org/W4298008262","https://openalex.org/W4391164172","https://openalex.org/W4391957438","https://openalex.org/W4399800991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vector":[0],"magnetometers":[1],"provide":[2],"lots":[3],"of":[4,11,32,77,102,122,133,140],"information":[5],"for":[6],"applications":[7],"that":[8,67],"require":[9],"analysis":[10],"magnetic":[12,36,103],"source":[13],"ranging":[14],"from":[15],"bio-imaging":[16],"to":[17,43,56,82,116],"geophysical":[18],"exploration.":[19],"Magnetometer":[20],"based":[21],"on":[22],"nitrogen-vacancy":[23],"(NV)":[24],"centers":[25],"in":[26,99],"diamond,":[27],"as":[28],"an":[29,63,94,106],"unprecedented":[30],"combination":[31],"spatial":[33],"resolution":[34,96,113],"and":[35,50,72,88,105,131,136],"sensitivity,":[37],"however,":[38],"normally":[39],"need":[40],"complex":[41],"manipulation":[42],"distinguish":[44],"the":[45,129,138],"correspondence":[46],"between":[47],"field":[48,59,104],"projections":[49],"NV":[51,90,134,141],"axes,":[52],"or":[53],"even":[54],"unable":[55],"measure":[57],"certain":[58],"directions.":[60],"We":[61],"developed":[62],"omnidirectional":[64],"vector":[65],"magnetometry":[66],"is":[68,114],"not":[69],"only":[70],"intelligent":[71],"convenient,":[73],"but":[74],"also":[75],"capable":[76],"measuring":[78],"dead":[79],"zones":[80],"due":[81],"overlapping.":[83],"With":[84],"conventional":[85],"laboratory":[86],"setup":[87],"commercial":[89],"samples,":[91],"we":[92],"achieved":[93],"angular":[95,107,112],"around":[97,109],"0.02\u00b0":[98],"all":[100],"direction":[101],"error":[108],"0.2\u00b0.":[110],"The":[111],"expected":[115],"reach":[117],"arc":[118],"seconds":[119],"by":[120],"optimization":[121],"experimental":[123],"conditions.":[124],"This":[125],"method":[126],"can":[127],"improve":[128],"universality":[130],"practicality":[132],"magnetometers,":[135],"promote":[137],"development":[139],"towards":[142],"industrial":[143],"magnetometers.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}