{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408858552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3554873","title":"Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging System With Beamforming on Single FPGA","display_name":"Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging System With Beamforming on Single FPGA","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408858552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3554873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3554873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3554873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044672236","display_name":"X. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8740-3480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110374274","display_name":"Qi Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9831-0624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427069","display_name":"Yifan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44445938","display_name":"Shandong Jianzhu University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gbfax37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44445938"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44445938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043551995","display_name":"Lijun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0488-9604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075500111","display_name":"Jianguo Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-1014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianguo Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044672236"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81816331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9334999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9334999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.714346170425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrashort-pulse","display_name":"Ultrashort pulse","score":0.6997315287590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6954160332679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound-imaging","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","score":0.5341813564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-imaging","display_name":"Ultrasonic imaging","score":0.46879252791404724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.4633845090866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.42422398924827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39329856634140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37494516372680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.3230692744255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.29455751180648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2846352458000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.26810187101364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.25253868103027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22509858012199402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.714346170425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178596936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844471","display_name":"Ultrashort pulse","level":3,"score":0.6997315287590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6954160332679749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986892559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","level":3,"score":0.5341813564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989478337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasonic imaging","level":3,"score":0.46879252791404724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.4633845090866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.42422398924827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39329856634140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37494516372680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3230692744255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.29455751180648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2846352458000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.26810187101364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.25253868103027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22509858012199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3554873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3554873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G230237714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7762484587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC2416500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7847933977","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82127804","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986081346","https://openalex.org/W2079889712","https://openalex.org/W2081041049","https://openalex.org/W2158928765","https://openalex.org/W2167589082","https://openalex.org/W2380921125","https://openalex.org/W2737976990","https://openalex.org/W2988358462","https://openalex.org/W2996636199","https://openalex.org/W2998457429","https://openalex.org/W3023756129","https://openalex.org/W3044863663","https://openalex.org/W3136804908","https://openalex.org/W3137368506","https://openalex.org/W3212562504","https://openalex.org/W4211234762","https://openalex.org/W4214810925","https://openalex.org/W4322627215","https://openalex.org/W4366084030","https://openalex.org/W4380854022","https://openalex.org/W4388623411","https://openalex.org/W4388944253","https://openalex.org/W4400280634","https://openalex.org/W4403278930","https://openalex.org/W6881962463"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2423187516","https://openalex.org/W2059907994","https://openalex.org/W2054178107","https://openalex.org/W2012671046","https://openalex.org/W1918241480","https://openalex.org/W2162494140","https://openalex.org/W4214838841","https://openalex.org/W2099114210","https://openalex.org/W1975214511","https://openalex.org/W2790939662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ultrafast":[0],"ultrasound":[1,6,12,20,31,36,66,80],"imaging":[2,44],"technologies,":[3],"such":[4],"as":[5,150],"localization":[7],"microscopy":[8],"(ULM)":[9],"and":[10,59,115,127],"functional":[11],"(FUS),":[13],"are":[14],"gaining":[15],"significant":[16],"attention":[17],"in":[18,29,107,143],"the":[19,23,39,48,56,79,108,113,119,128,139,144,171],"field,":[21],"driving":[22],"demand":[24],"for":[25],"higher":[26],"frame":[27,45],"rates":[28,46],"open":[30,35],"systems.":[32],"However,":[33],"current":[34],"systems":[37],"face":[38],"challenge":[40],"of":[41,50,62,117,121,170],"balancing":[42],"high":[43],"with":[47],"complexity":[49],"hardware":[51,60],"architecture.":[52],"This":[53,76,146],"work":[54],"reports":[55],"detailed":[57],"implementation":[58],"architecture":[61],"a":[63,70,83,132,151,184],"128-channel":[64],"ultrafast":[65],"platform":[67,77,98,172],"based":[68],"on":[69],"single":[71],"field-programmable":[72],"gate":[73],"array":[74],"(FPGA).":[75],"connects":[78],"card":[81],"to":[82,102],"personal":[84],"computer":[85],"(PC)":[86],"via":[87],"peripheral":[88],"component":[89],"interconnect":[90],"express":[91],"(PCIe)":[92],"3.0,":[93],"providing":[94],"excellent":[95],"compatibility.":[96],"The":[97,167],"uses":[99],"custom":[100],"instructions":[101],"implement":[103],"flexible":[104],"parameter":[105],"configuration":[106],"FPGA.":[109],"It":[110],"can":[111],"control":[112],"transmission":[114],"reception":[116],"signals,":[118],"output":[120,149],"raw":[122],"or":[123],"beamformed":[124],"RF":[125],"data,":[126],"sampling":[129],"depth.":[130],"Additionally,":[131],"64":[133],"sub-aperture":[134],"delay-and-sum":[135],"(DAS)":[136],"beamformer":[137,147],"within":[138],"FPGA":[140],"is":[141],"implemented":[142],"platform.":[145],"gives":[148],"<inline-formula":[152,175],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[153,176],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[154,177],"<tex-math":[155,178],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$128\\times":[156],"2048$":[157],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[158,181],"image":[159],"at":[160],"10000":[161],"frames/s":[162],"(fps)":[163],"using":[164],"plane":[165],"wave.":[166],"core":[168],"components":[169],"measure":[173],"only":[174],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$12\\times":[179],"21$":[180],"cm,":[182],"achieving":[183],"compact":[185],"design":[186],"while":[187],"delivering":[188],"high-frame-rate":[189],"(HFR)":[190],"imaging.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}