{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408609875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3552870","title":"AGMFormer: An Explainable Intelligent Diagnosis Framework Based on Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Constrained Feature Aggregation Network","display_name":"AGMFormer: An Explainable Intelligent Diagnosis Framework Based on Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Constrained Feature Aggregation Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408609875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3552870"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3552870","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3552870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114205250","display_name":"Sipeng Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sipeng Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0398-8222","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019169850","display_name":"Qingqing Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-5418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingqing Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-5418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015897222","display_name":"Tingqiong Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-0498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118977","display_name":"Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Rail Transit Design & Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02zznv955","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118977"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingqiong Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["CRRC (Chongqing) Smart Rail Transit Technology Company Ltd., Chongqing, China","CRRC (Chongqing) Smart Rail Transit Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-0498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CRRC (Chongqing) Smart Rail Transit Technology Company Ltd., Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118977"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CRRC (Chongqing) Smart Rail Transit Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100732089","display_name":"Yan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6242-4162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6242-4162","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089139551","display_name":"Yan Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-2659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114205250"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06629307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.7756999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.7756999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6143445372581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5932953953742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5649356842041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.528223991394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.46660324931144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.4530165493488312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4035705327987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33017730712890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32816433906555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08637464046478271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6143445372581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5932953953742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5649356842041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.528223991394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.46660324931144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.4530165493488312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4035705327987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33017730712890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32816433906555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08637464046478271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3552870","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3552870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1285048853","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024MD754044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4054207664","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFE0204500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6070008610","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024NSCQ-MSX3194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6796855284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFE0204500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328373","funder_display_name":"National Key Laboratory Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328373","display_name":"National Key Laboratory Foundation of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049550263","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2530133016","https://openalex.org/W2765793020","https://openalex.org/W2905016804","https://openalex.org/W2977117446","https://openalex.org/W2987480074","https://openalex.org/W3009370740","https://openalex.org/W3035422918","https://openalex.org/W3042324151","https://openalex.org/W3109842401","https://openalex.org/W3203494009","https://openalex.org/W4200049650","https://openalex.org/W4206195980","https://openalex.org/W4206258998","https://openalex.org/W4210741351","https://openalex.org/W4224273747","https://openalex.org/W4225166154","https://openalex.org/W4285032363","https://openalex.org/W4293811858","https://openalex.org/W4295886387","https://openalex.org/W4361294415","https://openalex.org/W4366310723","https://openalex.org/W4366504166","https://openalex.org/W4381681150","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385392099","https://openalex.org/W4386076431","https://openalex.org/W4386122058","https://openalex.org/W4386193242","https://openalex.org/W4386883054","https://openalex.org/W4387068209","https://openalex.org/W4387095353","https://openalex.org/W4391143869","https://openalex.org/W4392939506","https://openalex.org/W4394731082","https://openalex.org/W4394789344","https://openalex.org/W4401424634","https://openalex.org/W4403159245","https://openalex.org/W6635679246","https://openalex.org/W6678007500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975321310","https://openalex.org/W2014494654","https://openalex.org/W3130349901","https://openalex.org/W1579833936","https://openalex.org/W1578916557","https://openalex.org/W1992295166","https://openalex.org/W1964286703","https://openalex.org/W2143508933","https://openalex.org/W2169866437","https://openalex.org/W3056417032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Significant":[0],"advancements":[1],"have":[2],"been":[3,48],"made":[4],"in":[5,37,131,173],"the":[6,15,23,66,119,122,136],"intelligent":[7],"fault":[8,174],"diagnosis":[9,175],"of":[10,18,26,121,138],"industrial":[11,38,133],"equipment,":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,33,50,64,84,105],"transformative":[16],"impact":[17],"deep":[19],"learning":[20],"technology.":[21],"However,":[22],"limited":[24],"explainability":[25,137],"many":[27],"existing":[28],"methods":[29,172],"presents":[30],"substantial":[31],"challenges":[32],"their":[34],"practical":[35],"implementation":[36],"settings.":[39],"An":[40],"end-to-end":[41],"explainable":[42,93],"transformer":[43],"variant":[44],"framework,":[45],"AGMFormer,":[46],"has":[47],"introduced":[49],"address":[51],"this":[52],"issue.":[53],"First,":[54],"AGMFormer":[55,139,169],"incorporates":[56],"a":[57,89,98,160],"learnable":[58],"adaptive":[59],"Gaussian":[60],"mixture":[61],"model":[62,123],"(AGMM)":[63],"constrain":[65],"dot-product":[67],"attention":[68,114],"mechanism.":[69],"This":[70,116],"innovation":[71],"effectively":[72],"extracts":[73],"local":[74],"and":[75,92,108,146,159,177],"sparse":[76],"features":[77,111],"from":[78,143],"vibration":[79],"signals":[80],"while":[81],"mitigating":[82],"sensitivity":[83],"irrelevant":[85],"information,":[86],"thereby":[87],"establishing":[88],"more":[90],"transparent":[91],"feature":[94,100],"extraction":[95],"process.":[96],"Second,":[97],"novel":[99],"aggregation":[101],"mechanism":[102],"is":[103,140],"developed":[104],"further":[106],"consolidate":[107],"emphasize":[109],"key":[110],"across":[112],"multiple":[113],"subspaces.":[115],"enhancement":[117],"improves":[118],"robustness":[120],"under":[124],"varying":[125],"operational":[126],"conditions,":[127],"ensuring":[128],"consistent":[129],"performance":[130],"diverse":[132],"environments.":[134],"Finally,":[135],"comprehensively":[141],"evaluated":[142],"both":[144],"intrinsic":[145],"post":[147],"hoc":[148],"perspectives.":[149],"Extensive":[150],"experiments":[151],"conducted":[152],"on":[153],"two":[154],"public":[155],"test":[156],"bench":[157],"datasets":[158],"proprietary":[161],"wind":[162],"turbine":[163],"gearbox":[164],"(WTG)":[165],"dataset":[166],"demonstrate":[167],"that":[168],"outperforms":[170],"competing":[171],"accuracy":[176],"provides":[178],"superior":[179],"explainability.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}