{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408441495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551462","title":"Simultaneous Measurement of Early-Stage Corrosion and Strain Levels in Steel Rebar Based on Graphene Oxide-Coated NCF-FBG Fiber-Optic Sensor","display_name":"Simultaneous Measurement of Early-Stage Corrosion and Strain Levels in Steel Rebar Based on Graphene Oxide-Coated NCF-FBG Fiber-Optic Sensor","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408441495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3551462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086125069","display_name":"Fujian Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-5041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fujian Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-5041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017682980","display_name":"Bai-Yan Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7346-395X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baihe Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7346-395X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000593612","display_name":"Hong\u2010Nan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong-Nan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6948-3045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028758562","display_name":"Jie Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02713405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8187782764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.6819713115692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.6554073095321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene","display_name":"Graphene","score":0.6503603458404541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rebar","display_name":"Rebar","score":0.649948000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corrosion","display_name":"Corrosion","score":0.607374370098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.5847179293632507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxide","display_name":"Oxide","score":0.5240471363067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain","display_name":"Strain (injury)","score":0.4762563705444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.4699400067329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.46527573466300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.4391431212425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.3835980296134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.36869555711746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.276714026927948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.15733793377876282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8187782764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.6819713115692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.6554073095321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.6503603458404541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778664469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150425","display_name":"Rebar","level":2,"score":0.649948000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.607374370098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5847179293632507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.5240471363067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576145","display_name":"Strain (injury)","level":2,"score":0.4762563705444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4699400067329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.46527573466300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.4391431212425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.3835980296134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.36869555711746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.276714026927948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.15733793377876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3551462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1941542100","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-MS-107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4288422478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52111540162","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5565914785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DUT24GJ203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5937540707","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51878119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8683573620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51421064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206357895","https://openalex.org/W1909544153","https://openalex.org/W1910335558","https://openalex.org/W1964024708","https://openalex.org/W1969863155","https://openalex.org/W1972372596","https://openalex.org/W1972530327","https://openalex.org/W1976904340","https://openalex.org/W1979662252","https://openalex.org/W1988492141","https://openalex.org/W1990259317","https://openalex.org/W1990342023","https://openalex.org/W2031656115","https://openalex.org/W2040646683","https://openalex.org/W2041842530","https://openalex.org/W2056333244","https://openalex.org/W2068765803","https://openalex.org/W2079710360","https://openalex.org/W2087607542","https://openalex.org/W2102301420","https://openalex.org/W2153206411","https://openalex.org/W2332779249","https://openalex.org/W2345404588","https://openalex.org/W2470135822","https://openalex.org/W2567378140","https://openalex.org/W2604295434","https://openalex.org/W2605375081","https://openalex.org/W2747112471","https://openalex.org/W2905276911","https://openalex.org/W2908709002","https://openalex.org/W2912629549","https://openalex.org/W2936896595","https://openalex.org/W2955794747","https://openalex.org/W2956615459","https://openalex.org/W2965606645","https://openalex.org/W3011999744","https://openalex.org/W3012127315","https://openalex.org/W3012541633","https://openalex.org/W3036540595","https://openalex.org/W3046636417","https://openalex.org/W3048496981","https://openalex.org/W3097679767","https://openalex.org/W3111080369","https://openalex.org/W3127888496","https://openalex.org/W3162245485","https://openalex.org/W3178416589","https://openalex.org/W3185907771","https://openalex.org/W3214668443","https://openalex.org/W4210950929","https://openalex.org/W4220946722","https://openalex.org/W4293732271","https://openalex.org/W4294845477","https://openalex.org/W4315631330","https://openalex.org/W4320525841","https://openalex.org/W4380086215","https://openalex.org/W4390154989","https://openalex.org/W4398793536","https://openalex.org/W6716492293","https://openalex.org/W6754693848"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2463721724","https://openalex.org/W2365148668","https://openalex.org/W2917685425","https://openalex.org/W3216900447","https://openalex.org/W2096440838","https://openalex.org/W3205454610","https://openalex.org/W3146793764","https://openalex.org/W2014016592","https://openalex.org/W2025425461","https://openalex.org/W2038705077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rebar":[0],"corrosion":[1,52,82,95,124,149,159,195],"significantly":[2],"reduces":[3],"the":[4,23,57,67,113,117,135,148,151,156,162,169,190],"lifespan":[5],"of":[6,13,26,53,62,116,150,158,174,196],"reinforced":[7],"concrete":[8],"(RC)":[9],"structures.":[10,27],"The":[11,60,84,93,171],"value":[12],"rebar":[14,55,94,141],"strain,":[15,142],"especially":[16],"for":[17,45,56],"some":[18],"key":[19],"structural":[20],"components,":[21],"indicates":[22],"safety":[24],"margin":[25],"In":[28,133],"this":[29],"study,":[30],"a":[31,105],"graphene":[32],"oxide":[33],"(GO)":[34],"coated":[35],"no-core":[36],"fiber-fiber":[37],"Bragg":[38,136],"grating":[39],"(NCF-FBG)":[40],"fiber-optic":[41],"sensor":[42,120],"is":[43,70],"proposed":[44,118],"simultaneously":[46,77,187],"measuring":[47],"strain":[48,85,131,191],"values":[49],"and":[50,81,161,193],"early-stage":[51,194],"steel":[54,197],"first":[58],"time.":[59],"impact":[61],"GO":[63,153],"coating":[64,154],"thickness":[65],"on":[66],"monitoring":[68],"sensitivity":[69,157,163,172],"considered.":[71],"A":[72],"setup":[73],"was":[74,86,96,178],"manufactured":[75],"to":[76,89,186],"perform":[78],"tension,":[79],"optical,":[80],"tests.":[83],"applied":[87],"up":[88],"1200$\\mu":[90],"$$\\varepsilon":[91],"$.":[92],"assessed":[97],"using":[98],"electrochemical":[99],"method":[100],"by":[101],"submerging":[102],"them":[103],"in":[104,168],"3.5":[106],"wt.%":[107],"NaCl":[108],"solution.":[109],"Results":[110],"show":[111],"that":[112],"dip":[114],"wavelength":[115,137],"fiber":[119],"increases":[121,164],"with":[122,129,139,165],"longer":[123],"time,":[125],"while":[126],"it":[127,144],"decreases":[128,138],"higher":[130],"values.":[132],"contrast,":[134],"increasing":[140],"whereas":[143],"remains":[145],"unchanged":[146],"during":[147],"rebar.":[152],"enhances":[155],"monitoring,":[160],"an":[166],"increase":[167],"thickness.":[170],"matrix":[173,182],"NCF-FBG":[175],"optical":[176],"sensors":[177],"obtained":[179],"experimentally.":[180],"This":[181],"can":[183],"be":[184],"used":[185],"monitor":[188],"both":[189],"level":[192],"rebars.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
