{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408441657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551423","title":"Robust Target Tracking in Mixed LOS/NLOS Environments Using a Probabilistic Multihypothesis Tracker","display_name":"Robust Target Tracking in Mixed LOS/NLOS Environments Using a Probabilistic Multihypothesis Tracker","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408441657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3551423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tianxuan Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2431-4619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianxuan Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2431-4619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yifan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4212-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4212-5878","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3336,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87224781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6536020636558533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6266187429428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6050634384155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.5711981058120728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.555706262588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5138006806373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.47142308950424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.4407055079936981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6536020636558533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6266187429428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6050634384155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.5711981058120728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.555706262588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5138006806373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.47142308950424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.4407055079936981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3551423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3551423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599587675","https://openalex.org/W1984383979","https://openalex.org/W2051240088","https://openalex.org/W2103204412","https://openalex.org/W2103375723","https://openalex.org/W2104377048","https://openalex.org/W2115407547","https://openalex.org/W2115833435","https://openalex.org/W2118603200","https://openalex.org/W2144692139","https://openalex.org/W2150952698","https://openalex.org/W2166626012","https://openalex.org/W2403514405","https://openalex.org/W2515000634","https://openalex.org/W2624922641","https://openalex.org/W2772879276","https://openalex.org/W2787106128","https://openalex.org/W2832604869","https://openalex.org/W2902750893","https://openalex.org/W2904124819","https://openalex.org/W2904367728","https://openalex.org/W2966165605","https://openalex.org/W3011156601","https://openalex.org/W3012150009","https://openalex.org/W3032938961","https://openalex.org/W3137298197","https://openalex.org/W3154148285","https://openalex.org/W4206505615","https://openalex.org/W4281698185","https://openalex.org/W4283325729","https://openalex.org/W4285288631","https://openalex.org/W4285300626","https://openalex.org/W4292843164","https://openalex.org/W4296211868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172272784","https://openalex.org/W2003817535","https://openalex.org/W2105035414","https://openalex.org/W2553357593","https://openalex.org/W337130175","https://openalex.org/W2380612839","https://openalex.org/W1567854708","https://openalex.org/W2394397806","https://openalex.org/W2653893021","https://openalex.org/W4235384131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tracking":[0],"algorithms":[1],"generally":[2],"perform":[3],"well":[4],"in":[5,13,180,189],"line-of-sight":[6],"(LOS)":[7],"environments":[8],"but":[9],"face":[10],"significant":[11],"challenges":[12,168],"non-LOS":[14],"(NLOS)":[15],"scenarios":[16,190],"due":[17],"to":[18,79,90,118],"multipath":[19],"effects":[20],"that":[21,35,140],"degrade":[22],"tracking":[23,33,186],"accuracy.":[24,121],"To":[25],"address":[26],"these":[27],"challenges,":[28],"we":[29],"propose":[30],"a":[31,42,158],"robust":[32,185],"algorithm":[34,89,106,147],"integrates":[36],"interacting":[37],"multiple":[38],"models":[39],"(IMMs)":[40],"with":[41,73,128,191],"probabilistic":[43],"multihypothesis":[44],"tracker":[45],"(PMHT).":[46],"This":[47],"innovative":[48],"approach":[49],"improves":[50],"upon":[51],"the":[52,55,88,92,104,132,146,167,177],"state":[53,162],"of":[54,95,165],"art":[56],"by":[57,170],"effectively":[58],"distinguishing":[59],"between":[60],"LOS":[61,84,99,149,194],"and":[62,65,110,138,150,160,195],"NLOS":[63,124,151,196],"measurements":[64,81,100,125,137],"optimally":[66],"fusing":[67],"their":[68],"information.":[69],"Hypothesis":[70],"testing,":[71],"combined":[72,127],"IMM":[74,154],"model":[75],"probabilities,":[76,156],"is":[77],"used":[78],"classify":[80],"as":[82],"either":[83],"or":[85],"NLOS,":[86],"enabling":[87],"handle":[91],"unique":[93],"characteristics":[94],"each":[96],"type":[97],"effectively.":[98],"are":[101,111,126],"processed":[102],"using":[103,131,153],"Hungarian":[105],"for":[107,142],"data":[108],"association":[109],"updated":[112],"through":[113],"LOS-extended":[114],"Kalman":[115],"filter":[116],"(EKF)":[117],"ensure":[119],"high":[120],"In":[122],"parallel,":[123],"predicted":[129],"pseudomeasurements":[130],"PMHT":[133],"algorithm,":[134],"generating":[135],"composite":[136],"covariances":[139],"account":[141],"NLOS-related":[143],"uncertainties.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"fuses":[148],"estimates":[152],"mode":[155],"yielding":[157],"unified":[159],"optimal":[161],"estimate":[163],"capable":[164],"addressing":[166],"posed":[169],"mixed":[171,193],"LOS/NLOS":[172],"environments.":[173],"Simulation":[174],"results":[175],"validate":[176],"algorithm\u2019s":[178],"effectiveness":[179],"mitigating":[181],"NLOS-induced":[182],"errors,":[183],"demonstrating":[184],"performance":[187],"even":[188],"severely":[192],"conditions.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
