{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407638662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3542101","title":"Comprehensive Investigation of Thermal and Mechanical Loads on Stator Winding Insulation in Nonsalient Synchronous Generator Under RISC Fault","display_name":"Comprehensive Investigation of Thermal and Mechanical Loads on Stator Winding Insulation in Nonsalient Synchronous Generator Under RISC Fault","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407638662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3542101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3542101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3542101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035161542","display_name":"Kai Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6153-5859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6153-5859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029708754","display_name":"Yuling He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-8128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Ling He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-8128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hui-Cai Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4034-4030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui-Cai Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4034-4030","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100993236","display_name":"Xuewei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3951-6207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue-Wei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3951-6207","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109590638","display_name":"Jiawen Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Wen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6435-6733","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103118549","display_name":"Guiji Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9929-0356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guiji Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9929-0356","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651765","display_name":"Fengyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-7437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-7437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025852497","display_name":"David Gerada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8280-1308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Gerada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8280-1308","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60021546,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14502","display_name":"High-Voltage Power Transmission Systems","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9797999858856201,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.7897687554359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5578473806381226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5542129278182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.5106552243232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-magnet-synchronous-generator","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous generator","score":0.509112536907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4609544575214386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4530588388442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-motor","display_name":"Synchronous motor","score":0.423267126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3824533522129059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3769816756248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.35287660360336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3337939381599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15612873435020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.13213369250297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.11697769165039062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.7897687554359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5578473806381226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5542129278182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.5106552243232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201320609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274420","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous generator","level":3,"score":0.509112536907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4609544575214386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4530588388442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Synchronous motor","level":2,"score":0.423267126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3824533522129059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3769816756248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35287660360336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3337939381599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15612873435020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.13213369250297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.11697769165039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3542101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3542101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6984434657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52177042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G94863460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B20231006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322163","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979018824","https://openalex.org/W2001724302","https://openalex.org/W2007413254","https://openalex.org/W2043417512","https://openalex.org/W2055319365","https://openalex.org/W2056603594","https://openalex.org/W2109204715","https://openalex.org/W2145449999","https://openalex.org/W2307560899","https://openalex.org/W2345147491","https://openalex.org/W2378275309","https://openalex.org/W2790378959","https://openalex.org/W2884979605","https://openalex.org/W2890964623","https://openalex.org/W2908563602","https://openalex.org/W2968838356","https://openalex.org/W3010877614","https://openalex.org/W3083552540","https://openalex.org/W3121953084","https://openalex.org/W3144551581","https://openalex.org/W3156471119","https://openalex.org/W3193441591","https://openalex.org/W3194991536","https://openalex.org/W3210393865","https://openalex.org/W4206130516","https://openalex.org/W4225706319","https://openalex.org/W4285271797","https://openalex.org/W4289889926","https://openalex.org/W4324118458","https://openalex.org/W4381198911","https://openalex.org/W4387491894","https://openalex.org/W4390097291","https://openalex.org/W4392902549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W623794290","https://openalex.org/W2329500892","https://openalex.org/W2372255233","https://openalex.org/W2361693169","https://openalex.org/W2352258657","https://openalex.org/W772348058","https://openalex.org/W2019514063","https://openalex.org/W2320199592","https://openalex.org/W2382327273","https://openalex.org/W3010211530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Current":[0],"studies":[1],"on":[2,11,20,56,77,117,130],"frequent":[3],"rotor":[4],"interturn":[5],"short":[6],"circuits":[7],"(RISCs)":[8],"primarily":[9],"focus":[10],"fault":[12,55],"diagnosis.":[13],"However,":[14],"the":[15,21,43,47,57,65,74,131,141,168,172,175],"detrimental":[16],"effect":[17],"of":[18,26,46,53,64,85,140],"RISC":[19,54],"fragile":[22],"stator":[23,48],"winding":[24,49],"insulation":[25,66,142,152,195],"synchronous":[27,120],"generators":[28],"is":[29,67],"overlooked.":[30],"Consequently,":[31],"this":[32,79,96],"article":[33],"comprehensively":[34],"investigates":[35],"thermal":[36,58,103,126,159],"and":[37,59,93,104,113,124,127,136,145,161,171,177,189],"mechanical":[38,60,105,128,157],"loads,":[39,158,160],"as":[40,42],"well":[41],"structural":[44,138,153],"responses":[45,139,154],"insulation.":[50,132],"The":[51,133,147],"impact":[52],"degradation":[61],"distribution":[62],"patterns":[63],"explored":[68],"in":[69],"detail.":[70],"Besides,":[71],"different":[72],"from":[73],"current":[75],"research":[76],"RISC,":[78],"study":[80,184],"considers":[81],"a":[82,118,186,190],"broader":[83],"range":[84],"influencing":[86],"factors,":[87],"including":[88],"degree,":[89],"position,":[90],"contact":[91],"resistance,":[92],"output.":[94],"In":[95],"article,":[97],"detailed":[98],"theoretical":[99],"models":[100],"for":[101,193],"calculating":[102],"loads":[106,129],"are":[107,115,143,164],"presented.":[108],"Finite":[109],"element":[110],"analysis":[111],"(FEA)":[112],"experiments":[114],"conducted":[116],"5-kW":[119],"generator":[121],"to":[122],"calculate":[123],"test":[125],"mechanical,":[134],"thermal,":[135],"coupling":[137,162],"obtained":[144],"compared.":[146],"results":[148],"indicate":[149],"that":[150],"maximum":[151],"caused":[155],"by":[156],"actions":[163],"most":[165],"pronounced":[166],"at":[167],"nose":[169],"end":[170],"junction":[173],"between":[174],"straight":[176],"involute":[178],"lines,":[179],"warranting":[180],"careful":[181],"attention.":[182],"This":[183],"offers":[185],"unified":[187],"approach":[188],"practical":[191],"framework":[192],"extended":[194],"service":[196],"life.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
