{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407213641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3534217","title":"Performance of Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Trace C\u2082H\u2082 Detection System","display_name":"Performance of Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Trace C\u2082H\u2082 Detection System","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407213641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3534217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3534217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3534217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091097436","display_name":"Xianzong Chao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8969-7104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianzong Chao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8969-7104","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043692655","display_name":"Fuping Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9064-6635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuping Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation and Hubei Key Laboratory of Power Equipment and System Security for Integrated Energy Resources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9064-6635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation and Hubei Key Laboratory of Power Equipment and System Security for Integrated Energy Resources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046598207","display_name":"Hongtu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1237-220X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongtu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111231597","display_name":"Xinghai Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5570-9277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinghai Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5570-9277","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100935958","display_name":"Zujian Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-9788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zujian Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5631-9788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101592663","display_name":"Qiang Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6341-7001"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6341-7001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101754550","display_name":"Ju Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-2136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ju Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation and Hubei Key Laboratory of Power Equipment and System Security for Integrated Energy Resources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-2136","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation and Hubei Key Laboratory of Power Equipment and System Security for Integrated Energy Resources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3398,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87664133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10846","display_name":"Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-crystal-fiber","display_name":"Photonic-crystal fiber","score":0.7627012133598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6488938331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-crystal","display_name":"Photonic crystal","score":0.5886205434799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.5866026282310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.5136892199516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.4427073299884796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.43061262369155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.4187103807926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4128556251525879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1809191107749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.14132201671600342}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107157254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256244","display_name":"Photonic-crystal fiber","level":3,"score":0.7627012133598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6488938331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75302062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900150","display_name":"Photonic crystal","level":2,"score":0.5886205434799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.5866026282310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5136892199516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.4427073299884796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.43061262369155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4187103807926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4128556251525879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1809191107749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.14132201671600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3534217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3534217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5696564100","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52277161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G578253157","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020CFA097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","funder_display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973862999","https://openalex.org/W1982891687","https://openalex.org/W1986144597","https://openalex.org/W2030701132","https://openalex.org/W2063407974","https://openalex.org/W2077345659","https://openalex.org/W2087174960","https://openalex.org/W2110817807","https://openalex.org/W2154422672","https://openalex.org/W2467569468","https://openalex.org/W2623295634","https://openalex.org/W2735759552","https://openalex.org/W2805451157","https://openalex.org/W2912436851","https://openalex.org/W2914056766","https://openalex.org/W2921377755","https://openalex.org/W3002737420","https://openalex.org/W3005404166","https://openalex.org/W3006558146","https://openalex.org/W3008569843","https://openalex.org/W3013480317","https://openalex.org/W3019628974","https://openalex.org/W3033393489","https://openalex.org/W3081808410","https://openalex.org/W3089497602","https://openalex.org/W3106815592","https://openalex.org/W3112194498","https://openalex.org/W3161629552","https://openalex.org/W3161736282","https://openalex.org/W3195487116","https://openalex.org/W3210207496","https://openalex.org/W4206141975","https://openalex.org/W4225134788","https://openalex.org/W4283703562","https://openalex.org/W4285260465","https://openalex.org/W4288786516","https://openalex.org/W4292651813","https://openalex.org/W4295809723","https://openalex.org/W4319596513"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112088736","https://openalex.org/W2014683156","https://openalex.org/W1592877322","https://openalex.org/W2766116755","https://openalex.org/W2061122711","https://openalex.org/W2977759602","https://openalex.org/W2903222273","https://openalex.org/W2020142527","https://openalex.org/W4403576982","https://openalex.org/W4247954915"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,69],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"an":[5,49,196],"optical":[6,105],"sensor":[7],"system":[8,74],"utilizing":[9],"the":[10,45,62,66,70,73,84,95,111,114,118,124,149,177,186,200],"capabilities":[11],"of":[12,98,120,152,174],"hollow-core":[13],"photonic":[14],"crystal":[15],"fiber":[16,179],"(HC-PCF)":[17],"to":[18,83,132],"transmit":[19],"excitation":[20],"light":[21,99],"and":[22,38,52,56,104,136,140,156,185],"hold":[23],"sample":[24],"gas.":[25],"The":[26,40,54,169],"direct":[27],"absorption":[28],"response":[29,46,77],"is":[30,127,182,191],"examined":[31],"for":[32,198],"different":[33],"modulation":[34,64],"waveforms,":[35],"pressures,":[36],"frequencies,":[37],"concentrations.":[39],"experimental":[41],"results":[42],"show":[43],"that":[44],"signal":[47],"has":[48],"obvious":[50,60],"overshoot":[51,55],"spike.":[53],"spike":[57],"are":[58,138],"more":[59],"under":[61],"sine":[63],"than":[65],"rectangular":[67],"modulation.":[68],"1\u2013500-Hz":[71],"range,":[72],"demonstrated":[75],"optimum":[76],"characteristics":[78],"at":[79],"5":[80],"Hz,":[81],"corresponding":[82],"maximum":[85],"attenuation":[86,96,150],"percentage.":[87],"Furthermore,":[88],"a":[89,161],"positive":[90],"correlation":[91,162],"was":[92],"observed":[93],"between":[94,148],"percentage":[97],"intensity":[100],"(${A}":[101,107],"_{\\text":[102,108],"{t}}$)":[103],"power":[106],"{p}}$)":[109],"with":[110,129,160],"pressure":[112],"in":[113],"gas":[115,125,158,202],"chamber":[116,126],"within":[117],"range":[119],"0.1\u20130.3":[121],"MPa.":[122],"When":[123],"filled":[128],"10000-ppm":[130],"C2H2/N2":[131],"0.3":[133],"MPa,":[134],"At":[135],"Ap":[137],"47.98%":[139],"22.73%,":[141],"respectively.":[142],"A":[143],"good":[144],"linear":[145],"relationship":[146],"exists":[147],"value":[151],"photodetector":[153],"(PD)":[154],"output":[155],"target":[157],"concentration":[159],"coefficient":[163],"above":[164],"0.99":[165],"after":[166],"140":[167],"s.":[168],"theoretical":[170],"minimum":[171],"detection":[172],"limit":[173],"C2H2":[175],"without":[176],"erbium-doped":[178],"amplifier":[180],"(EDFA)":[181],"49.28":[183],"ppm":[184],"relative":[187],"synthetic":[188],"standard":[189],"uncertainty":[190],"3.35%.":[192],"This":[193],"article":[194],"provides":[195],"idea":[197],"applying":[199],"HC-PCF-based":[201],"sensing":[203],"system.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}