{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406208445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3527540","title":"Pavement Marking Worn Identification and Classification Using Low-Channel LiDAR","display_name":"Pavement Marking Worn Identification and Classification Using Low-Channel LiDAR","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406208445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3527540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3527540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3527540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085684065","display_name":"Ciyun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9098-2666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ciyun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044220372","display_name":"Ganghao Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-9718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ganghao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089417203","display_name":"Bowen Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-3727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063077652","display_name":"Hui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-8353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073173638","display_name":"Hongchao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7092-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongchao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traffic Information and Control Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085684065"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9951,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7069634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7955746650695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6338988542556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5488274693489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5020992755889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44372305274009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3389471471309662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.31494101881980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2130236029624939}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7955746650695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6338988542556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5488274693489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5020992755889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44372305274009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3389471471309662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.31494101881980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2130236029624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2025.3527540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3527540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968256263","https://openalex.org/W1980026261","https://openalex.org/W1982141954","https://openalex.org/W2007557471","https://openalex.org/W2015782462","https://openalex.org/W2027793478","https://openalex.org/W2082747607","https://openalex.org/W2102049273","https://openalex.org/W2103496339","https://openalex.org/W2106130896","https://openalex.org/W2110060098","https://openalex.org/W2131076267","https://openalex.org/W2145489626","https://openalex.org/W2769959431","https://openalex.org/W2804614876","https://openalex.org/W2805790358","https://openalex.org/W2807641597","https://openalex.org/W2886347531","https://openalex.org/W2897931583","https://openalex.org/W2905343880","https://openalex.org/W2909746114","https://openalex.org/W2935799698","https://openalex.org/W2959033806","https://openalex.org/W2971843891","https://openalex.org/W2979482046","https://openalex.org/W2996385626","https://openalex.org/W3011006327","https://openalex.org/W3020206414","https://openalex.org/W3036313178","https://openalex.org/W3075372246","https://openalex.org/W3081356455","https://openalex.org/W3086153693","https://openalex.org/W3108586519","https://openalex.org/W3127342902","https://openalex.org/W3166422855","https://openalex.org/W3193959188","https://openalex.org/W4205375282","https://openalex.org/W4229371803","https://openalex.org/W4281657336","https://openalex.org/W4361990691","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W6801685073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2956374172","https://openalex.org/W4319837668","https://openalex.org/W4308071650","https://openalex.org/W2351984678","https://openalex.org/W2140032575","https://openalex.org/W2011860471","https://openalex.org/W2012196540","https://openalex.org/W3011451421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pavement":[0],"marking":[1,49,105],"retroreflectivity":[2],"and":[3,12,18,24,32,45,61,91,114,117,125,140,145],"diffuse":[4],"illumination":[5],"can":[6],"degrade":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,25,65,71,97],"wear,":[10],"cracks,":[11],"aging.":[13],"To":[14],"enable":[15],"efficient,":[16],"safe,":[17],"cost-effective":[19],"inspections":[20],"of":[21,102,142],"pavement":[22,48,73,104],"markings,":[23],"ensure":[26],"timely":[27],"maintenance,":[28],"regulate":[29],"driver":[30],"behavior,":[31],"enhance":[33],"traffic":[34],"safety,":[35],"a":[36,89,99],"method":[37,133],"using":[38,111],"an":[39],"onboard":[40],"low-channel":[41],"LiDAR":[42],"for":[43],"detecting":[44],"classifying":[46],"worn":[47,136],"was":[50],"proposed.":[51],"The":[52,78],"process":[53],"begins":[54],"by":[55],"applying":[56],"coordinate":[57],"transform,":[58],"ground":[59],"mapping,":[60],"sigmoid":[62],"function":[63],"filtering":[64],"the":[66,103,112,132],"collected":[67],"point":[68,80],"cloud":[69,81],"data":[70],"differentiate":[72],"markings":[74],"from":[75],"asphalt":[76],"pavement.":[77],"sparse":[79],"is":[82],"then":[83],"divided":[84],"into":[85,88,119],"grids,":[86],"formatted":[87],"matrix,":[90],"missing":[92],"values":[93],"are":[94,109],"filled":[95],"in":[96],"generate":[98],"grayscale":[100],"map":[101],"matrix.":[106],"Worn":[107],"areas":[108],"segment":[110],"OTSU":[113],"SRG":[115],"algorithms":[116],"classified":[118],"four":[120],"categories:":[121],"penetrating,":[122],"invasive,":[123],"edge,":[124],"internal":[126],"disease.":[127],"Field":[128],"tests":[129],"shown":[130],"that":[131],"achieved":[134],"average":[135],"detection":[137],"precision,":[138],"recall,":[139],"F1-score":[141],"0.8372,":[143],"0.8412,":[144],"0.8389,":[146],"respectively.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}