{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404057510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3488151","title":"Experimental Study of the Stability of an Automated Optical Tower Measurement System","display_name":"Experimental Study of the Stability of an Automated Optical Tower Measurement System","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404057510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3488151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3488151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3488151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000911126","display_name":"Jun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-4455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-4455","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048651889","display_name":"Bin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-5605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-5605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054189015","display_name":"Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0126-4772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0126-4772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101781773","display_name":"Wenxiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8528-9913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103994085","display_name":"Dezhi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-5080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dezhi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6163-5080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039348214","display_name":"Xiaohua Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-3797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","Second College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-3797","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Second College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018958640","display_name":"Jin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7603-1960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7603-1960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399980","display_name":"Xianglei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-4914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62853816","display_name":"Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj0p855","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianglei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-4914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62853816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104263568","display_name":"Guoliang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4684-6178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoliang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4684-6178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101043067","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9918-2239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151975","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9918-2239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029816082","display_name":"Zhonghua Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-1066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44675526","display_name":"Shanghai Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n40zv07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhonghua Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-1066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16309403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.4099999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.4099999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.34860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5324457883834839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tower","display_name":"Tower","score":0.4867272675037384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4247153401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38209664821624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3699539601802826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3202943801879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.20411083102226257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5324457883834839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777831296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12518","display_name":"Tower","level":2,"score":0.4867272675037384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4247153401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38209664821624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3699539601802826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3202943801879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.20411083102226257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3488151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3488151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326897","display_name":"Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04svrh266"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543702367","https://openalex.org/W2273403121","https://openalex.org/W2358679149","https://openalex.org/W2982367305","https://openalex.org/W3039563223","https://openalex.org/W3118687941","https://openalex.org/W3135814238","https://openalex.org/W3186378475","https://openalex.org/W3193397904","https://openalex.org/W4283217152","https://openalex.org/W4295215206","https://openalex.org/W4316506832","https://openalex.org/W4321488195","https://openalex.org/W4361976235","https://openalex.org/W4377971210","https://openalex.org/W4385834608","https://openalex.org/W4399452236","https://openalex.org/W4400188693"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4214759293","https://openalex.org/W2948890638","https://openalex.org/W2377743247","https://openalex.org/W2481514411","https://openalex.org/W2567029817","https://openalex.org/W2367420223","https://openalex.org/W2385102096","https://openalex.org/W2366380440","https://openalex.org/W2352398027"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"observation":[1],"towers":[2],"used":[3,155],"for":[4],"high-speed":[5,45],"detection":[6,21],"of":[7,33,68,74,81,87,113,121,146,165,184],"targets":[8],"are":[9],"influenced":[10],"by":[11],"factors":[12],"such":[13],"as":[14],"electromagnetism,":[15],"wind,":[16],"and":[17,59,78,110],"sand.":[18],"The":[19,126,163],"optical":[20,152,169],"output":[22],"is":[23,154],"inconsistent":[24],"(unstable)":[25],"with":[26,44,54,158],"large":[27],"measurement":[28,42,67,108,116,129,148,171,191],"deviation":[29],"errors.":[30],"In":[31],"view":[32,170,190],"the":[34,65,69,72,79,82,85,88,105,114,119,144,147,151,166,182,185,189],"above":[35],"problems,":[36],"this":[37],"article":[38],"proposes":[39],"a":[40,55,122],"landscape":[41],"system":[43,83,117,172],"photography":[46],"capability":[47,149],"using":[48],"an":[49,159],"automatic":[50,160],"lift":[51],"tower":[52],"equipped":[53],"small":[56],"photoelectric":[57,115],"latitude":[58],"longitude":[60],"instrument,":[61],"which":[62],"can":[63,91],"realize":[64],"approximation":[66],"target":[70],"within":[71],"range":[73],"50":[75,123,174],"m":[76,124,175],"altitude,":[77],"stability":[80,145],"in":[84,104,156],"face":[86],"extreme":[89],"environment":[90],"be":[92],"realized.":[93],"Stability":[94],"verification":[95],"experiments":[96],"under":[97,131],"different":[98],"wind":[99,133],"speeds":[100],"were":[101],"actively":[102],"conducted":[103],"field,":[106],"yielding":[107],"accuracy":[109,130],"error":[111],"analysis":[112],"at":[118,173],"top":[120],"tower.":[125,162],"maximum":[127],"absolute":[128],"six-level":[132],"conditions":[134],"did":[135],"not":[136],"exceed":[137],"0.44":[138],"m.":[139],"This":[140],"further":[141,178],"effectively":[142],"validated":[143],"when":[150],"equipment":[153],"combination":[157],"lifting":[161],"feasibility":[164],"tower-carried":[167],"automated":[168],"altitude":[176],"was":[177],"explored":[179],"after":[180],"analyzing":[181],"influence":[183],"swaying":[186],"amount":[187],"on":[188],"capability.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
