{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403676939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3485396","title":"A Two-Stage Fault Diagnosis Method With Rough and Fine Classifiers for Phased Array Radar Transceivers","display_name":"A Two-Stage Fault Diagnosis Method With Rough and Fine Classifiers for Phased Array Radar Transceivers","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403676939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3485396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3485396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3485396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100609151","display_name":"Chuang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-7860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-7860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080139893","display_name":"Jiantao Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-0221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiantao Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-0221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038023964","display_name":"Lihang Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-0478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihang Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-0478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021185593","display_name":"Hui Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0023-2480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0023-2480","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008644980","display_name":"Cunsong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0016-8578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134687103","display_name":"Nanjing Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sd35x91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunsong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0016-8578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134687103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019419996","display_name":"Hongtian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-9668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongtian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-9668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9008,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86124815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13293","display_name":"Engineering and Test Systems","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13293","display_name":"Engineering and Test Systems","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.9240999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9093000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.766781210899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.7618076801300049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6058582663536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.5751473903656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.49166470766067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4813019335269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4633757174015045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.42048364877700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-signal-processing","display_name":"Radar signal processing","score":0.41381511092185974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3687630593776703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34726381301879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2627304196357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.23010405898094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19232863187789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.14601445198059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.10152238607406616}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.766781210899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.7618076801300049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6058582663536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5751473903656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.49166470766067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4813019335269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4633757174015045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.42048364877700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987759513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar signal processing","level":4,"score":0.41381511092185974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3687630593776703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34726381301879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2627304196357727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.23010405898094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19232863187789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.14601445198059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.10152238607406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3485396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3485396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G12040165","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62303217","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2288145610","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62373184","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G31413238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20220332","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5509598512","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20211502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6531567111","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203213","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7140478650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024M751977","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7941178911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62303308","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7948320200","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024M751977","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578336695","https://openalex.org/W2003205626","https://openalex.org/W2005934359","https://openalex.org/W2019581905","https://openalex.org/W2064736393","https://openalex.org/W2116064496","https://openalex.org/W2278587467","https://openalex.org/W2343523717","https://openalex.org/W2770049107","https://openalex.org/W2896784509","https://openalex.org/W2985845430","https://openalex.org/W3000384844","https://openalex.org/W3015801892","https://openalex.org/W3026881828","https://openalex.org/W3094594436","https://openalex.org/W3104997747","https://openalex.org/W3118915415","https://openalex.org/W3120241129","https://openalex.org/W3127669014","https://openalex.org/W3192807145","https://openalex.org/W3200657993","https://openalex.org/W3212869234","https://openalex.org/W4210680043","https://openalex.org/W4220767261","https://openalex.org/W4221115553","https://openalex.org/W4224027514","https://openalex.org/W4280523701","https://openalex.org/W4288786174","https://openalex.org/W4292348018","https://openalex.org/W4320002652","https://openalex.org/W4324116462","https://openalex.org/W4376607939","https://openalex.org/W4384819582","https://openalex.org/W4390659449","https://openalex.org/W4390937251","https://openalex.org/W4399988455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783437851","https://openalex.org/W4313855562","https://openalex.org/W2091422131","https://openalex.org/W2133719452","https://openalex.org/W2064820650","https://openalex.org/W4300681122","https://openalex.org/W3097922231","https://openalex.org/W2545133359","https://openalex.org/W2607257687","https://openalex.org/W1997603272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transceivers":[0],"are":[1,124],"critical":[2],"components":[3],"of":[4,143],"phased":[5],"array":[6],"radar":[7],"(PAR)":[8],"systems,":[9],"and":[10,44],"accurate":[11],"fault":[12,38],"diagnosis":[13,39],"is":[14,47,82,106,137],"essential":[15],"for":[16,49,121],"ensuring":[17],"their":[18],"reliability.":[19],"However,":[20],"many":[21],"transceiver":[22],"faults":[23,75],"exhibit":[24],"similar":[25],"characteristics,":[26],"making":[27],"them":[28],"difficult":[29],"to":[30,66,84,112,131,153],"identify.":[31],"To":[32],"address":[33],"this":[34],"challenge,":[35],"a":[36,56,99,127,140],"two-stage":[37],"method":[40,136],"employing":[41],"both":[42,122],"rough":[43,64],"fine":[45,110],"classifiers":[46,123],"proposed":[48,135],"PAR":[50,144],"transceivers.":[51],"In":[52,95],"the":[53,63,86,92,96,109],"first":[54],"stage,":[55,98],"weighted":[57],"support":[58],"vector":[59],"machine":[60],"serves":[61],"as":[62,108],"classifier":[65,111],"effectively":[67],"separate":[68],"easily":[69],"distinguishable":[70],"faults.":[71,117],"For":[72],"more":[73],"complex":[74],"that":[76],"remain":[77],"ambiguous,":[78],"Fisher\u2019s":[79],"discriminating":[80],"ratio":[81],"used":[83],"identify":[85,114],"most":[87],"significant":[88],"monitoring":[89],"variables,":[90],"refining":[91],"analysis":[93],"further.":[94],"second":[97],"sparse":[100],"momentum":[101],"deep":[102],"belief":[103],"network":[104],"(DBN)":[105],"developed":[107],"accurately":[113],"these":[115],"challenging":[116],"The":[118,134],"configuration":[119],"parameters":[120],"optimized":[125],"using":[126,139],"modified":[128],"equilibrium":[129],"optimizer":[130],"maximize":[132],"performance.":[133],"validated":[138],"real-world":[141],"dataset":[142],"transceivers,":[145],"with":[146],"test":[147],"results":[148],"demonstrating":[149],"superior":[150],"accuracy":[151],"compared":[152],"several":[154],"existing":[155],"intelligent":[156],"diagnostic":[157],"methods.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}