{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403278612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3476569","title":"LET-UP: A Lightweight, Efficient Binarized Transformer for Point Cloud Upsampling","display_name":"LET-UP: A Lightweight, Efficient Binarized Transformer for Point Cloud Upsampling","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403278612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3476569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3476569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3476569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016282413","display_name":"Yunrui Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-5981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunrui Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-5981","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103650924","display_name":"Zhiyong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7196-1995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072389245","display_name":"Ruyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2130-9122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151501","display_name":"Hangzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/014v1mr15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2130-9122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434758","display_name":"Jianhua Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7844-6035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7844-6035","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091339016","display_name":"Xu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4724-5748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4724-5748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055627037","display_name":"Shengyong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-3831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengyong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-3831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6589,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65179008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upsampling","display_name":"Upsampling","score":0.7786515951156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6546093225479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5880165696144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5569585561752319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5090872645378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3017443120479584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2525203227996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19577869772911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.13726535439491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07750517129898071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110384440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143270","display_name":"Upsampling","level":3,"score":0.7786515951156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6546093225479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5880165696144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5569585561752319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5090872645378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3017443120479584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2525203227996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19577869772911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.13726535439491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07750517129898071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3476569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3476569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1265821997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1592249304","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62020106004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5370040448","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92048301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8805904712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022BKY161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336754","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336754","display_name":"Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1987985833","https://openalex.org/W1988317275","https://openalex.org/W1992216295","https://openalex.org/W2137531922","https://openalex.org/W2154385726","https://openalex.org/W2159213092","https://openalex.org/W2169611956","https://openalex.org/W2300242332","https://openalex.org/W2560722161","https://openalex.org/W2754084392","https://openalex.org/W2789142637","https://openalex.org/W2884154111","https://openalex.org/W2963390820","https://openalex.org/W2963680153","https://openalex.org/W2970633157","https://openalex.org/W2979750740","https://openalex.org/W2981440248","https://openalex.org/W2990045899","https://openalex.org/W2991216808","https://openalex.org/W2997337685","https://openalex.org/W3013529009","https://openalex.org/W3034297393","https://openalex.org/W3106699132","https://openalex.org/W3111535274","https://openalex.org/W3113317635","https://openalex.org/W3128475240","https://openalex.org/W3137466219","https://openalex.org/W3175676582","https://openalex.org/W3176093765","https://openalex.org/W3183833885","https://openalex.org/W3184736166","https://openalex.org/W4200018964","https://openalex.org/W4205149129","https://openalex.org/W4214755140","https://openalex.org/W4282928804","https://openalex.org/W4287078097","https://openalex.org/W4294643298","https://openalex.org/W4310596280","https://openalex.org/W4312314157","https://openalex.org/W4312473078","https://openalex.org/W4312602556","https://openalex.org/W4321482463","https://openalex.org/W4323057578","https://openalex.org/W4323057734","https://openalex.org/W4367663338","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385565515","https://openalex.org/W4386075817","https://openalex.org/W4390873772","https://openalex.org/W4393148951","https://openalex.org/W4394670654","https://openalex.org/W4401942694","https://openalex.org/W6637709462","https://openalex.org/W6639703010","https://openalex.org/W6675606146","https://openalex.org/W6677580257","https://openalex.org/W6687484953","https://openalex.org/W6693721977","https://openalex.org/W6700264148","https://openalex.org/W6720242923","https://openalex.org/W6727208969","https://openalex.org/W6763422710","https://openalex.org/W6768287286","https://openalex.org/W6784101040","https://openalex.org/W6837634608","https://openalex.org/W6846901172","https://openalex.org/W6850110307","https://openalex.org/W6853537828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2062399876","https://openalex.org/W2607795551","https://openalex.org/W3155117723","https://openalex.org/W1991429770","https://openalex.org/W1983892167","https://openalex.org/W2281134365","https://openalex.org/W4310746709","https://openalex.org/W3176213335","https://openalex.org/W2864363823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"in-depth":[1],"analysis":[2],"of":[3,13,78],"existing":[4],"point":[5,128],"cloud":[6,129],"upsampling":[7],"architectures":[8],"reveals":[9],"the":[10,76,142],"underlying":[11],"causes":[12],"their":[14],"high":[15],"computational":[16],"costs":[17],"and":[18,38,49,69,90,102,138],"memory":[19],"usage,":[20],"which":[21,74],"pose":[22],"critical":[23],"limitations":[24],"for":[25,135],"real-time":[26,127],"applications.":[27],"To":[28],"overcome":[29],"these":[30],"inefficiencies,":[31],"we":[32],"introduce":[33],"LET-UP,":[34],"a":[35,54,61,97,103,115,132],"novel":[36],"lightweight":[37],"efficient":[39],"binarized":[40,65,70],"transformer":[41],"(BiTransformer)":[42],"network":[43],"that":[44,94],"significantly":[45],"reduces":[46],"model":[47,107],"size":[48,108],"inference":[50],"time":[51],"with":[52,113],"only":[53,114],"slight":[55],"trade-off":[56],"in":[57,100,106,118,141],"accuracy.":[58,119],"LET-UP":[59,95],"incorporates":[60],"BiTransformer":[62],"framework,":[63],"featuring":[64],"multilayer":[66],"perceptron":[67],"(BiMLP)":[68],"self-attention":[71],"(BiAttention)":[72],"modules,":[73],"leverage":[75],"power":[77],"binarization":[79],"to":[80,110,125],"streamline":[81],"feature":[82],"extraction.":[83],"Extensive":[84],"experiments":[85],"conducted":[86],"on":[87],"both":[88,136],"synthetic":[89],"real-world":[91],"datasets":[92],"demonstrate":[93],"achieves":[96],"threefold":[98],"increase":[99],"speed":[101],"15-fold":[104],"reduction":[105],"compared":[109],"state-of-the-art":[111],"methods,":[112],"1%\u20132%":[116],"decrease":[117],"These":[120],"results":[121],"underscore":[122],"LET-UP\u2019s":[123],"potential":[124],"revolutionize":[126],"processing,":[130],"offering":[131],"significant":[133],"advancement":[134],"research":[137],"practical":[139],"applications":[140],"field.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}