{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402782447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3460879","title":"Sub-Cycle Phase Angle-Oriented Algorithm for Identifying Fault Direction in Renewable-Rich MV Distribution Grids","display_name":"Sub-Cycle Phase Angle-Oriented Algorithm for Identifying Fault Direction in Renewable-Rich MV Distribution Grids","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402782447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3460879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3460879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3460879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031760320","display_name":"Mohsen Tajdinian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8777-8859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107938","display_name":"Hitachi (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mmh4r39","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107938","https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Tajdinian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hitachi Energy Research, Västerås, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8777-8859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi Energy Research, Västerås, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083675639","display_name":"Behzad Behdani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-7675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Behzad Behdani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-7675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040673612","display_name":"Md Tanbhir Hoq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-7793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107938","display_name":"Hitachi (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mmh4r39","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107938","https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Tanbhir Hoq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hitachi Energy Research, Västerås, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-7793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi Energy Research, Västerås, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076060764","display_name":"Marjan Popov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7292-5334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marjan Popov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7292-5334","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7425,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71349859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14276","display_name":"Power Systems and Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14276","display_name":"Power Systems and Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5400342345237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4898049533367157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4697083830833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.46342575550079346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.4473704695701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4194784164428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-angle","display_name":"Phase angle (astronomy)","score":0.4108017683029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35127609968185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34769436717033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28647756576538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2370491325855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19361776113510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.16830140352249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.13442927598953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13323205709457397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5400342345237732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4898049533367157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4697083830833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.46342575550079346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4473704695701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4194784164428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170222088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2059855","display_name":"Phase angle (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4108017683029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35127609968185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34769436717033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28647756576538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2370491325855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19361776113510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.16830140352249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.13442927598953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13323205709457397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3460879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3460879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8513858300","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18699","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500530370","https://openalex.org/W2006712964","https://openalex.org/W2006989255","https://openalex.org/W2009470404","https://openalex.org/W2020854433","https://openalex.org/W2026369729","https://openalex.org/W2095851588","https://openalex.org/W2097062824","https://openalex.org/W2112882275","https://openalex.org/W2142736976","https://openalex.org/W2152847290","https://openalex.org/W2155388595","https://openalex.org/W2171429758","https://openalex.org/W2204346589","https://openalex.org/W2232367056","https://openalex.org/W2327849618","https://openalex.org/W2906627760","https://openalex.org/W3007194454","https://openalex.org/W3010981032","https://openalex.org/W3012900414","https://openalex.org/W3040188104","https://openalex.org/W3095108942","https://openalex.org/W3143081414","https://openalex.org/W3178440583","https://openalex.org/W3194678027","https://openalex.org/W3205156748","https://openalex.org/W3214552640","https://openalex.org/W4200136759","https://openalex.org/W4206504951","https://openalex.org/W4210248683","https://openalex.org/W4210488653","https://openalex.org/W4226328999","https://openalex.org/W4311365226"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3017124762","https://openalex.org/W3097919110","https://openalex.org/W2148188544","https://openalex.org/W2021194995","https://openalex.org/W4221107878","https://openalex.org/W4220683285","https://openalex.org/W1988530058","https://openalex.org/W4212924852","https://openalex.org/W1976644149","https://openalex.org/W2106813712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,88,138],"integration":[1],"of":[2,25,43,119,135,140,176],"renewable":[3,74],"energy":[4],"sources":[5],"has":[6],"significantly":[7],"impacted":[8],"power":[9],"system":[10],"protection":[11],"schemes,":[12],"primarily":[13],"by":[14,31,129],"increasing":[15],"short-circuit":[16],"fault":[17,34,54,151,162],"currents,":[18],"which,":[19],"in":[20,45,66],"turn,":[21],"raises":[22],"the":[23,40,92,99,110,141,177,192,201],"possibility":[24],"current":[26,35,112,120],"transformer":[27],"(CT)":[28],"saturation,":[29,131],"and":[30,86,157,166],"introducing":[32],"bidirectional":[33],"flow,":[36],"which":[37],"interferes":[38],"with":[39,73,169],"directional":[41],"selectivity":[42],"relays":[44],"detecting":[46],"downstream":[47],"faults.":[48],"This":[49],"study":[50],"presents":[51],"a":[52,102,116],"novel":[53],"direction":[55],"identification":[56],"algorithm":[57],"aimed":[58],"at":[59],"immunization":[60],"against":[61],"CT":[62,130],"saturation":[63],"effects,":[64],"especially":[65],"medium":[67],"voltage":[68],"(MV)":[69],"distribution":[70],"grids":[71],"integrated":[72],"sources.":[75],"To":[76],"achieve":[77],"this,":[78],"two":[79,178],"distinct":[80],"computational":[81],"frameworks":[82,180],"have":[83],"been":[84],"developed":[85,179],"proposed.":[87],"first":[89],"framework":[90],"utilizes":[91],"modified":[93,103],"least":[94,193],"squares":[95],"(MLSs)":[96],"method,":[97],"while":[98],"second":[100],"employs":[101],"Kalman":[104,202],"filter":[105],"(MKF).":[106],"Both":[107],"algorithms":[108],"calculate":[109],"fundamental":[111],"phase":[113],"angle":[114],"using":[115],"sub-cycle":[117],"window":[118],"samples,":[121],"ensuring":[122],"resilience":[123],"to":[124,200],"heavily":[125],"distorted":[126],"waveforms":[127],"caused":[128],"even":[132],"under":[133],"conditions":[134],"deep":[136],"saturation.":[137],"effectiveness":[139],"proposed":[142],"method":[143,195],"is":[144],"validated":[145],"through":[146],"numerous":[147],"tests":[148],"conducted":[149],"on":[150],"currents":[152],"recorded":[153],"via":[154],"simulation":[155],"scenarios":[156,183],"field":[158],"measurements,":[159],"considering":[160],"various":[161],"inception":[163],"times,":[164],"resistances,":[165],"locations,":[167],"together":[168],"different":[170,182],"neutral":[171],"grounding":[172],"arrangements.":[173],"Comparative":[174],"assessments":[175],"across":[181],"indicate":[184],"that":[185],"both":[186],"methods":[187],"exhibit":[188],"promising":[189],"performances,":[190],"although":[191],"square-based":[194],"demonstrates":[196],"superior":[197],"efficiency":[198],"compared":[199],"filter-based":[203],"method.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}