{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401414666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3440416","title":"A Few-Shot Learning-Based Semi-Supervised Method to Enhance NLOS Recognition Accuracy Across Multiple Locations by Cross-Spatiotemporal Information","display_name":"A Few-Shot Learning-Based Semi-Supervised Method to Enhance NLOS Recognition Accuracy Across Multiple Locations by Cross-Spatiotemporal Information","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401414666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3440416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3440416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3440416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019354584","display_name":"Kungan Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-5056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kungan Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062429830","display_name":"Zhenni Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8098-0341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenni Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043262479","display_name":"Shengli Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengli Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology and the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT, Guangdong University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology and the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT, Guangdong University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001372407","display_name":"Qianming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6748-5270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066482792","display_name":"Wuhui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4430-7904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wuhui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012731436","display_name":"Zibin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-7718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zibin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019354584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89181097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6335519552230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6295017004013062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.5736555457115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5401370525360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.47254061698913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-shot","display_name":"One shot","score":0.436876118183136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4079809784889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1427941918373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.0890762209892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.08607405424118042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6335519552230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6295017004013062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.5736555457115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5401370525360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.47254061698913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992734406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413267","display_name":"One shot","level":2,"score":0.436876118183136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4079809784889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1427941918373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0890762209892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.08607405424118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3440416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3440416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3731527201","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3920233027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4783491034","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6967033463","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62320106008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8614841278","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62373114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G870313726","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2204296387","https://openalex.org/W2484065175","https://openalex.org/W2564757755","https://openalex.org/W2793716893","https://openalex.org/W2904787380","https://openalex.org/W2912089046","https://openalex.org/W2955202322","https://openalex.org/W2968611636","https://openalex.org/W2995632548","https://openalex.org/W3011039333","https://openalex.org/W3023869973","https://openalex.org/W3119052781","https://openalex.org/W3119748581","https://openalex.org/W3120795858","https://openalex.org/W3135130101","https://openalex.org/W3139920757","https://openalex.org/W3189475240","https://openalex.org/W3202178689","https://openalex.org/W4205216934","https://openalex.org/W4223438888","https://openalex.org/W4226089337","https://openalex.org/W4281261192","https://openalex.org/W4285205658","https://openalex.org/W4285731527","https://openalex.org/W4293193683","https://openalex.org/W4308092584","https://openalex.org/W4311168006","https://openalex.org/W4312396268","https://openalex.org/W4320486865","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4387010794","https://openalex.org/W4387400711","https://openalex.org/W4388654058","https://openalex.org/W6783596713"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2497720472","https://openalex.org/W4292659306","https://openalex.org/W3044321615","https://openalex.org/W2806221744","https://openalex.org/W2326937258","https://openalex.org/W394267150","https://openalex.org/W2773965352","https://openalex.org/W4294892107","https://openalex.org/W2357748469","https://openalex.org/W2392917037"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"learning":[1,138,186],"(ML)-based":[2],"Global":[3],"Navigation":[4],"Satellite":[5],"System":[6],"(GNSS)":[7],"signal":[8,35],"recognition":[9,36,52,69,78,144,159,173,201],"has":[10],"been":[11],"considered":[12],"an":[13,214],"efficient":[14],"way":[15],"to":[16,39,110,119,141,170],"mitigate":[17],"multipath":[18],"error":[19],"in":[20,127,174,203],"positioning":[21],"estimation.":[22],"However,":[23],"because":[24],"of":[25,29,91,115,150,216],"the":[26,106,112,121,129,163,167],"spatial":[27,113],"heterogeneity":[28,114],"nonline-of-sight":[30],"(NLOS)":[31],"interference,":[32],"existing":[33,221],"NLOS":[34,68,116,143,158],"methods":[37,49],"struggle":[38],"achieve":[40,50,76,198],"satisfactory":[41],"accuracy":[42,53,202],"across":[43],"multiple":[44,80],"locations.":[45],"In":[46],"particular,":[47],"current":[48],"limited":[51,89],"on":[54],"target":[55,81,175,204],"domains":[56,82,176,205],"containing":[57,83,177,206],"unfamiliar":[58,84,178,207],"environments.":[59,179],"This":[60],"study":[61],"proposes":[62],"a":[63,88,97,133,146,156],"few-shot":[64,137,185],"learning-based":[65],"semi-supervised":[66,157],"GNSS":[67],"method":[70,160,196],"using":[71,145,188],"cross-spatiotemporal":[72,100],"information,":[73],"which":[74,191],"can":[75],"high-precision":[77,172],"for":[79,123],"environments":[85,208],"only":[86],"requiring":[87],"number":[90],"labeled":[92,125],"samples.":[93],"First,":[94],"we":[95,131,181],"propose":[96],"self-attention":[98],"mechanism-based":[99],"information":[101],"(SAM-CSI)":[102],"module":[103,165],"that":[104,193],"captures":[105],"environmental":[107],"characteristics":[108],"used":[109],"model":[111],"interference.":[117],"Next,":[118],"avoid":[120],"need":[122],"numerous":[124],"samples":[126],"training":[128],"model,":[130],"introduce":[132],"Siamese":[134],"neural":[135],"network-based":[136],"(SNN-FSL)":[139],"architecture":[140,169],"perform":[142],"similarity":[147],"metric":[148],"instead":[149],"label":[151],"prediction.":[152],"We":[153],"then":[154],"develop":[155],"by":[161],"integrating":[162],"SAM-CSI":[164],"with":[166,220],"SNN-FSL":[168],"enable":[171],"Finally,":[180],"conducted":[182],"comparison":[183],"and":[184],"experiments":[187],"real-world":[189],"datasets,":[190],"demonstrated":[192],"our":[194],"proposed":[195],"could":[197],"over":[199,217],"90%":[200],"after":[209],"50-shot":[210],"learning.":[211],"It":[212],"represented":[213],"improvement":[215],"19%":[218],"compared":[219],"methods.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
