{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400111919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3420351","title":"Measurement of Froth-Layer Depth With Binocular Camera Based on Intensity Correction and Its Application to Pulp-Grade Monitoring","display_name":"Measurement of Froth-Layer Depth With Binocular Camera Based on Intensity Correction and Its Application to Pulp-Grade Monitoring","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400111919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3420351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3420351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3420351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746860","display_name":"Yuze Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6902-6898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuze Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6902-6898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001933400","display_name":"Zhaohui Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-4987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohui Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-4987","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024666296","display_name":"Hu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6894-0926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6894-0926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035923986","display_name":"Yongfang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-6574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongfang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-6574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040874910","display_name":"Zhien Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0582-2976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhien Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0582-2976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100746860"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7142,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69954834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","score":0.5365030765533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulp","display_name":"Pulp (tooth)","score":0.4743422567844391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measured-depth","display_name":"Measured depth","score":0.4513876736164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-intensity","display_name":"Light intensity","score":0.4330870509147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42360007762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4102822542190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38553550839424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3824078440666199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3582320213317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.231550395488739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petroleum-engineering","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","score":0.1503470242023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13074159622192383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5365030765533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188442228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48286","display_name":"Pulp (tooth)","level":2,"score":0.4743422567844391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113346285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804193","display_name":"Measured depth","level":2,"score":0.4513876736164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020368824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6546192","display_name":"Light intensity","level":2,"score":0.4330870509147644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42360007762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4102822542190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38553550839424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3824078440666199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3582320213317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.231550395488739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.1503470242023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13074159622192383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3420351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3420351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5739987288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021B0101200005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6124749375","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171476","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6443968184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62376040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8362612087","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023JJ30084","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1862847311","https://openalex.org/W1980381609","https://openalex.org/W2014097640","https://openalex.org/W2037113974","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2060683204","https://openalex.org/W2117248802","https://openalex.org/W2140427427","https://openalex.org/W2383026446","https://openalex.org/W2789360025","https://openalex.org/W2901867351","https://openalex.org/W2912634210","https://openalex.org/W2946700791","https://openalex.org/W2970610049","https://openalex.org/W2982672187","https://openalex.org/W3033193681","https://openalex.org/W3040996646","https://openalex.org/W3096210603","https://openalex.org/W3113619846","https://openalex.org/W3137457865","https://openalex.org/W3174283074","https://openalex.org/W3179919680","https://openalex.org/W3187789686","https://openalex.org/W3193129383","https://openalex.org/W4200250220","https://openalex.org/W4205842620","https://openalex.org/W4286544681","https://openalex.org/W4313045613","https://openalex.org/W4319049322","https://openalex.org/W4385516948","https://openalex.org/W4387993931","https://openalex.org/W6769169770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370275509","https://openalex.org/W2061268109","https://openalex.org/W2328941406","https://openalex.org/W2364375014","https://openalex.org/W2031481447","https://openalex.org/W2512130906","https://openalex.org/W2333863769","https://openalex.org/W2360368075","https://openalex.org/W3145694028","https://openalex.org/W2366095248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"froth":[1,48,78,167,177],"flotation,":[2],"the":[3,44,47,53,64,72,90,105,111,119,138,146,152,179,186,206,211,214,217],"froth-layer":[4,91,147,153],"depth":[5,92,115,132,207],"is":[6,25,189,200,220,231],"an":[7,94],"important":[8],"indicator":[9],"for":[10,88,114,159],"performance":[11],"monitoring":[12,161],"and":[13,125,162,193,224],"working-condition":[14],"recognition.":[15],"The":[16,169],"primary":[17],"depth-measurement":[18,74],"method":[19,75,87,143,188,219],"in":[20,46,77,81,166],"a":[21,28,59,86,157,175],"complex":[22],"industrial":[23],"process":[24],"based":[26,117,150],"on":[27,118,151],"binocular":[29],"camera.":[30],"Much":[31],"related":[32],"research":[33],"has":[34,58],"been":[35],"proposed":[36,187,218],"to":[37,103,144],"obtain":[38,145],"accurate":[39],"object":[40],"depth.":[41,148],"However,":[42],"since":[43],"bubbles":[45,124],"image":[49],"are":[50],"convex":[51],"objects,":[52],"top":[54],"of":[55,66,123,185,216],"each":[56,67],"bubble":[57,68],"white":[60,106,126],"spot":[61],"which":[62],"makes":[63],"texture":[65],"very":[69],"faint,":[70],"rendering":[71],"existing":[73],"inadequate":[76],"flotation.":[79,168],"Therefore,":[80],"this":[82],"article,":[83],"we":[84,98,109,130,155],"propose":[85],"measuring":[89],"using":[93,137],"intensity":[95,135],"correction.":[96],"First,":[97],"use":[99],"morphological":[100],"reconstruction":[101],"(MR)":[102],"extract":[104],"spots.":[107,127],"Next,":[108],"calculate":[110],"coefficient":[112],"map":[113,208],"adjustment":[116],"light":[120],"reflection":[121],"characteristics":[122],"After":[128],"that,":[129],"implement":[131],"optimization":[133],"with":[134,174,205],"correction":[136],"semiglobal":[139],"block":[140],"matching":[141],"(SGBM)":[142],"Finally,":[149],"depth,":[154],"design":[156],"model":[158],"pulp-grade":[160],"conduct":[163],"comparative":[164],"experiments":[165],"results":[170],"show":[171],"that":[172],"compared":[173],"monocular":[176],"image,":[178],"root":[180],"mean":[181],"squared":[182],"error":[183],"(RMSE)":[184],"reduced":[190,221],"by":[191,202,210,222,233],"50%":[192],"<inline-formula":[194,225],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[195,226],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[196,227],"<tex-math":[197,228],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R^{2}$":[198,229],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[199,230],"increased":[201,232],"44.38%.":[203],"Compared":[204],"obtained":[209],"SGBM":[212],"method,":[213],"RMSE":[215],"9.4%":[223],"13.35%.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
