{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398151175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3403184","title":"A Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy Gas Concentration Detection Method Based on Linear Convolution","display_name":"A Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy Gas Concentration Detection Method Based on Linear Convolution","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398151175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3403184"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3403184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3403184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029904664","display_name":"Lijuan Lan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-5361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lijuan Lan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-5361","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022055020","display_name":"Y.W. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6105-1157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yibo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6105-1157","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071346232","display_name":"Yu Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2440-8983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2440-8983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008904752","display_name":"Changsheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8999-9939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8999-9939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021131049","display_name":"Haoyang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-4974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-4974","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101971818","display_name":"Chunhua Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-9887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhua Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3770-9887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029904664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74362004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.8680433630943298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6223905086517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.611412763595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5570288896560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5389834642410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5111373066902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.5042418241500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.41908693313598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4071207046508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3742215037345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34850743412971497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2661990821361542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.21419885754585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18391573429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1504727303981781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.14815092086791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1348385512828827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.09714549779891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.08223855495452881}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.8680433630943298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6223905086517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.611412763595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5570288896560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5389834642410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5111373066902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.5042418241500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.41908693313598633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4071207046508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3742215037345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34850743412971497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2661990821361542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.21419885754585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18391573429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1504727303981781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14815092086791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1348385512828827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.09714549779891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.08223855495452881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3403184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3403184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1656774182","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62394341","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5839471878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62027811","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5923441084","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62103448","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8055402682","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203473","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976824239","https://openalex.org/W1992028042","https://openalex.org/W1996700668","https://openalex.org/W2012301269","https://openalex.org/W2032845027","https://openalex.org/W2088095612","https://openalex.org/W2089238781","https://openalex.org/W2093384665","https://openalex.org/W2121140342","https://openalex.org/W2129467885","https://openalex.org/W2756251218","https://openalex.org/W2789878462","https://openalex.org/W2889162034","https://openalex.org/W2918516410","https://openalex.org/W2948834670","https://openalex.org/W2991671207","https://openalex.org/W2994857847","https://openalex.org/W2998098903","https://openalex.org/W3039418770","https://openalex.org/W3091497651","https://openalex.org/W3132700401","https://openalex.org/W4200599926","https://openalex.org/W4205653363","https://openalex.org/W4285166198","https://openalex.org/W4306318845","https://openalex.org/W4309990866","https://openalex.org/W4360618336","https://openalex.org/W4387587599","https://openalex.org/W4387647899","https://openalex.org/W4387834019","https://openalex.org/W4388831356","https://openalex.org/W6981068073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996543123","https://openalex.org/W4388516297","https://openalex.org/W4389302182","https://openalex.org/W2010761432","https://openalex.org/W2089955640","https://openalex.org/W4229074657","https://openalex.org/W1978322239","https://openalex.org/W2146363836","https://openalex.org/W2348189462","https://openalex.org/W2355105799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,61,89,138],"novel":[4],"gas":[5,46],"concentration":[6,156,159,183],"detection":[7,180,222],"approach":[8,135],"based":[9],"on":[10],"wavelength":[11],"modulation":[12],"spectroscopy":[13],"and":[14,35,49,78,93,150,165],"linear":[15,19,82,187],"convolution":[16,20,83,188],"(LC-WMS).":[17],"The":[18,81,168],"is":[21,58,86],"first":[22],"time":[23],"utilized":[24],"in":[25,97,145,201,229],"the":[26,32,39,45,55,65,72,98,109,122,125,132,142,186,193,197,204,212,221],"WMS":[27],"measurement":[28,157,170],"system":[29,101],"to":[30,37,44,120],"demodulate":[31],"absorption":[33,56],"spectrum,":[34],"then":[36],"obtain":[38,137,211],"absolute":[40,213],"harmonic":[41,66,126,214],"signals":[42,67],"related":[43],"concentration.":[47],"Theoretical":[48],"experimental":[50],"results":[51,129],"show":[52,130],"that":[53,106,131,172],"when":[54],"signal":[57,113,215],"convolved":[59],"with":[60,158,181],"whole-cycle":[62],"reference":[63,112],"signal,":[64],"can":[68,118,136,175,208],"be":[69,176],"acquired":[70],"without":[71,216],"need":[73],"of":[74,91,111,124,192],"lock-in":[75],"amplifier":[76],"(LIA)":[77],"low-pass":[79,94,202],"filter.":[80],"calculation":[84],"process":[85,189],"regarded":[87],"as":[88,96,141],"combination":[90],"demodulation":[92,100],"filter":[95],"conventional":[99,143],"(e.g.":[102],"LIA).":[103],"Simulations":[104],"demonstrate":[105],"appropriately":[107],"increasing":[108],"cycles":[110],"(not":[114],"exceeding":[115],"five":[116],"cycles)":[117],"help":[119],"decrease":[121],"noise":[123],"signals.":[127],"Experimental":[128],"proposed":[133,205],"LC-WMS":[134,206],"comparable":[139],"accuracy":[140],"LIA":[144],"CO":[146],"<sub":[147,152],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[148,153],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[149,154],"H":[151],"O":[155],"errors":[160],"less":[161],"than":[162],"5":[163],"ppm":[164],"0.05\u2030,":[166],"respectively.":[167],"long-term":[169],"shows":[171],"this":[173],"method":[174,207],"used":[177],"for":[178],"real-time":[179],"large":[182],"fluctuations.":[184],"Since":[185],"gets":[190],"rid":[191],"problem":[194],"caused":[195],"by":[196],"magnitude":[198],"gain":[199],"response":[200],"filter,":[203],"not":[209],"only":[210],"calibration":[217],"but":[218],"also":[219],"simplify":[220],"process.":[223],"Thus,":[224],"it":[225],"has":[226],"potential":[227],"applications":[228],"industrial":[230],"field":[231],"measurements.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-25T08:17:42.794288","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}