{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392543903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374310","title":"Method for Measuring Thermal Flow Field Distribution in Oil-Immersed Transformer Using Dynamic Heat Transfer Coefficient","display_name":"Method for Measuring Thermal Flow Field Distribution in Oil-Immersed Transformer Using Dynamic Heat Transfer Coefficient","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392543903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3374310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089829839","display_name":"Jiayi Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6835","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077666719","display_name":"Zhanlong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9297-693X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanlong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9297-693X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106406085","display_name":"Yuefeng Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2450-3214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuefeng Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2450-3214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102925077","display_name":"Hui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7642-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7642-0691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066067789","display_name":"Xueli Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7992-3168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueli Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7992-3168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4528,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81113161,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13584","display_name":"Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing","score":0.9638000130653381,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.5554025173187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer-coefficient","display_name":"Heat transfer coefficient","score":0.5548351407051086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.5528707504272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer-oil","display_name":"Transformer oil","score":0.5116643905639648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.502811849117279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4495601952075958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.44383347034454346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-transformer","display_name":"Distribution transformer","score":0.4324844479560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.34171873331069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.2706112265586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.25845083594322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23727306723594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21475765109062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.19920086860656738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.5554025173187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29700514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634340","display_name":"Heat transfer coefficient","level":3,"score":0.5548351407051086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5528707504272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901418","display_name":"Transformer oil","level":4,"score":0.5116643905639648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.502811849117279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4495601952075958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.44383347034454346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117323899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907989","display_name":"Distribution transformer","level":4,"score":0.4324844479560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34171873331069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.2706112265586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25845083594322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23727306723594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21475765109062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.19920086860656738}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3374310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994563610","https://openalex.org/W2009416707","https://openalex.org/W2010115507","https://openalex.org/W2013077561","https://openalex.org/W2043684707","https://openalex.org/W2087560375","https://openalex.org/W2326680309","https://openalex.org/W2345325382","https://openalex.org/W2370943337","https://openalex.org/W2435084515","https://openalex.org/W2765877506","https://openalex.org/W2793826847","https://openalex.org/W2903440919","https://openalex.org/W2913367479","https://openalex.org/W2942321278","https://openalex.org/W2974647700","https://openalex.org/W3013512661","https://openalex.org/W3034123457","https://openalex.org/W3095397787","https://openalex.org/W3149443718","https://openalex.org/W3193592933","https://openalex.org/W3202606229","https://openalex.org/W4283824472","https://openalex.org/W4292651813","https://openalex.org/W4293868813","https://openalex.org/W4295598188","https://openalex.org/W4386902778","https://openalex.org/W6998962574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974326164","https://openalex.org/W2024505354","https://openalex.org/W3013726899","https://openalex.org/W2567738193","https://openalex.org/W2802406846","https://openalex.org/W2024709534","https://openalex.org/W4249799192","https://openalex.org/W3134931687","https://openalex.org/W2319689526","https://openalex.org/W2378814803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Obtaining":[0],"the":[1,24,38,67,74,78,84,119,127,134,148,156,161,175,190,193,199],"thermal":[2,26,86,129,177],"flow":[3,27,88,131,178],"field":[4,28,89,171,179],"distribution":[5,90,152],"in":[6,29,133],"transformers":[7,30,181],"is":[8,18,103],"essential":[9],"for":[10,22,105,174],"ensuring":[11],"reliable":[12],"operation.":[13],"A":[14],"finite":[15,97,168],"volume":[16,98,169],"method":[17,64,99,163,173],"a":[19,63,96,210],"crucial":[20],"approach":[21],"obtaining":[23],"internal":[25,85,128,176],"through":[31],"multiphysics":[32,100,170],"simulation":[33,101],"modelling.":[34],"The":[35,167],"complexity":[36,191],"of":[37,73,108,113,160,180,192],"transformer":[39,75,92,135,194],"tank-wall":[40,114,195],"structure":[41,196],"makes":[42],"it":[43,208],"challenging":[44],"to":[45,65,204],"accurately":[46],"calculate":[47,66],"wall":[48,79,150],"surface":[49],"heat":[50,70,140,185],"transfer":[51,71,141,186],"coefficients":[52,142,187],"using":[53,91,138],"empirical":[54,205],"formulas":[55,206],"under":[56],"varying":[57,200],"operating":[58,201],"conditions.":[59],"This":[60],"study":[61],"introduces":[62],"dynamic":[68,139,184],"convective":[69],"coefficient":[72],"tank-wall,":[76],"derive":[77],"temperature":[80,151],"equation,":[81],"and":[82,87,110,130,143,158,197],"obtain":[83],"operation":[93],"data.":[94,145],"Firstly,":[95],"model":[102],"established":[104],"steady-state":[106],"calculations":[107],"transformers,":[109],"simulated":[111,149],"datasets":[112],"temperatures":[115],"are":[116,136],"obtained.":[117],"Subsequently,":[118],"data":[120],"set":[121],"undergoes":[122],"PSO":[123],"function":[124],"optimization.":[125],"Finally,":[126],"fields":[132],"determined":[137],"operational":[144],"By":[146],"comparing":[147],"with":[153],"experimental":[154],"measurements,":[155],"feasibility":[157],"accuracy":[159],"proposed":[162],"have":[164],"been":[165],"confirmed.":[166],"calculation":[172],"based":[182],"on":[183],"can":[188],"disregard":[189],"consider":[198],"conditions,":[202],"compared":[203],"(5.238K),":[207],"has":[209],"smaller":[211],"maximum":[212],"error":[213],"(1.373K),":[214],"demonstrating":[215],"clear":[216],"practical":[217],"value.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
