{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393241003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374289","title":"Single-Input and Single-Output Detection of Multiple Trace Substances via High-Order Nonlinear Mode Localization","display_name":"Single-Input and Single-Output Detection of Multiple Trace Substances via High-Order Nonlinear Mode Localization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393241003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3374289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103142853","display_name":"Gang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8779-006X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100441791","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3626-6890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049800390","display_name":"Hai-yang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1147-8623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101907183","display_name":"Lijia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0117-7885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020499135","display_name":"Zhujie Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4667-5682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhujie Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048488998","display_name":"Jie Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4330-2160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047021174","display_name":"Yuanlin Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-0648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanlin Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635243","display_name":"Cao Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2819-7709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cao Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075684041","display_name":"Zhuqing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7513-5773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuqing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103142853"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3252,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83675299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6550987958908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.6358334422111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4416443109512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43549680709838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.42254072427749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2771620452404022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1489923596382141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6550987958908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6358334422111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4416443109512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43549680709838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.42254072427749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2771620452404022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1489923596382141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2024.3374289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3374289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1405594250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB3201204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8005214679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1082204112E78","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480691295","https://openalex.org/W1965239970","https://openalex.org/W1994151002","https://openalex.org/W2006346031","https://openalex.org/W2025152308","https://openalex.org/W2030909670","https://openalex.org/W2043416085","https://openalex.org/W2057800132","https://openalex.org/W2058217698","https://openalex.org/W2061836252","https://openalex.org/W2067397710","https://openalex.org/W2068672118","https://openalex.org/W2075583507","https://openalex.org/W2085941774","https://openalex.org/W2090952364","https://openalex.org/W2091244747","https://openalex.org/W2128632045","https://openalex.org/W2162756484","https://openalex.org/W2606184085","https://openalex.org/W2756107373","https://openalex.org/W2898714570","https://openalex.org/W2952553614","https://openalex.org/W2972577261","https://openalex.org/W3010870608","https://openalex.org/W3044733527","https://openalex.org/W3133555564","https://openalex.org/W3155244814","https://openalex.org/W3159782638","https://openalex.org/W3197727857","https://openalex.org/W4205578674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,138,260],"detection":[1,40,198,322],"of":[2,6,41,51,122,141,162,184,192,199,231,269,309,323],"multiple":[3,42,75,207,324],"traces":[4,43,76,102,187,202,256],"is":[5,77,98,109],"paramount":[7],"importance":[8],"for":[9,74,100,253,273,315],"facilitating":[10],"chemical":[11],"production,":[12],"safeguarding":[13],"public":[14],"safety":[15],"and":[16,18,53,62,69,125,127,150,172,181,197,209,214,227,244,294],"health,":[17],"advancing":[19],"scientific":[20],"research,":[21],"among":[22],"other":[23],"critical":[24],"applications.":[25],"Currently,":[26],"a":[27,67,313,316],"single":[28],"trace":[29,275],"can":[30,203],"be":[31,204],"accurately":[32],"identified":[33],"by":[34,94,111,233],"MEMS":[35],"resonant":[36,159,178,241],"sensors,":[37],"but":[38],"quantitative":[39,318],"still":[44],"faces":[45],"significant":[46],"challenges,":[47],"especially":[48],"the":[49,112,116,123,135,154,158,163,174,177,182,185,190,200,236,240,245,248,254,265,270,306,321],"increment":[50],"hardware":[52],"signal":[54,61],"processing":[55],"requirements":[56],"due":[57],"to":[58,118,133,147,165,320],"multichannel":[59],"output":[60],"complex":[63],"resonator":[64,92],"structure.":[65],"Therefore,":[66],"single-input":[68],"single-output":[70],"(SISO)":[71],"sensing":[72,251],"scheme":[73,221],"thus":[78],"proposed":[79],"in":[80,169],"this":[81,220],"work":[82],"via":[83,153],"high-order":[84],"nonlinear":[85,95],"mode":[86,310],"localization.":[87],"A":[88],"coupled":[89],"trio-cantilever":[90],"array":[91],"actuated":[93,110],"electrostatic":[96,113],"force":[97],"designed":[99],"three":[101,186,201,246,255,271],"detection.":[103,229],"One":[104],"side":[105],"cantilever":[106],"(No.":[107],"1)":[108],"electrode":[114],"around":[115],"4th":[117,164],"6th":[119,166],"modal":[120],"frequencies":[121],"resonator,":[124],"square":[126],"cubic":[128],"nonlinearities":[129],"are":[130,257,277],"also":[131],"imported":[132],"break":[134],"structural":[136],"symmetry.":[137],"vibration":[139],"energy":[140],"Cantilever":[142],"No.":[143,148,151,170],"1":[144],"will":[145],"transfer":[146],"2":[149],"3":[152,171],"overhangs.":[155],"By":[156],"measuring":[157,274],"frequency":[160,179,242],"shifts":[161,180,243],"localized":[167],"modes":[168],"decoupling":[173,235],"relationship":[175,238],"between":[176,239],"masses":[183],"introduced":[188],"onto":[189],"surface":[191],"each":[193],"cantilever,":[194],"SISO":[195,228],"identification":[196],"realized.":[205],"After":[206],"simulations":[208],"experimental":[210,215,261],"validations,":[211],"both":[212],"theoretical":[213,307],"results":[216,262],"consistently":[217],"demonstrate":[218],"that":[219,264],"achieves":[222],"high":[223,225],"sensitivity,":[224],"resolution,":[226],"Most":[230],"all,":[232],"theoretically":[234],"intricate":[237],"traces,":[247],"maximum":[249,266],"relative":[250,267],"errors":[252,268],"greatly":[258],"reduced.":[259],"show":[263],"cantilevers":[272],"mass":[276],"<inline-formula":[278,286,295],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[279,287,296],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[280,288,297],"<tex-math":[281,289,298],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$e_{1}$":[282],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[283,291,300],"=":[284,292,301],"13.11%,":[285],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$e_{2}$":[290],"6.42%,":[293],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$e_{3}$":[299],"7.07%.":[302],"This":[303],"effort":[304],"expands":[305],"framework":[308],"localization,":[311],"providing":[312],"foundation":[314],"novel":[317],"approach":[319],"traces.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}