{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389692246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","title":"Optimization of Electrostatic Sensors for Rotational Speed Measurement of a Metallic Rotor","display_name":"Optimization of Electrostatic Sensors for Rotational Speed Measurement of a Metallic Rotor","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389692246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/19/4407674/10356098.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/19/4407674/10356098.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066855632","display_name":"Xuanda Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-2411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanda Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-2411","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078729695","display_name":"Yong Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-5456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K","School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-5456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001441001","display_name":"Yonghui Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-5418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-5418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436501","display_name":"Lijuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-2728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","display_name":"University of Kent","ror":"https://ror.org/00xkeyj56","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K","School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-2728","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9302,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87206725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.743373453617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotational-speed","display_name":"Rotational speed","score":0.7423235774040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triboelectric-effect","display_name":"Triboelectric effect","score":0.6502737998962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5647242665290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5446088910102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.4952053129673004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4643106460571289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.46069997549057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-velocity","display_name":"Angular velocity","score":0.45674365758895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-error","display_name":"Observational error","score":0.45208942890167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4233357906341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.26662296056747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24685537815093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.24654752016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21368691325187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1931849718093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.1709032952785492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.13500449061393738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.743373453617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81063470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256787","display_name":"Rotational speed","level":2,"score":0.7423235774040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80640880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876377","display_name":"Triboelectric effect","level":2,"score":0.6502737998962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5647242665290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5446088910102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.4952053129673004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4643106460571289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.46069997549057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5594486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161635","display_name":"Angular velocity","level":2,"score":0.45674365758895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19619285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196372","display_name":"Observational error","level":2,"score":0.45208942890167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4233357906341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.26662296056747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24685537815093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.24654752016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21368691325187683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1931849718093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1709032952785492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.13500449061393738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/19/4407674/10356098.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:104077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2023.3342240>)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342240","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/19/4407674/10356098.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330923","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389692246.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389692246.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992540845","https://openalex.org/W2018132773","https://openalex.org/W2030135010","https://openalex.org/W2106338971","https://openalex.org/W2112968135","https://openalex.org/W2141582819","https://openalex.org/W2237939909","https://openalex.org/W2544165244","https://openalex.org/W2571289459","https://openalex.org/W2609965685","https://openalex.org/W2752282433","https://openalex.org/W2782415496","https://openalex.org/W2786347331","https://openalex.org/W2804944700","https://openalex.org/W2901274259","https://openalex.org/W2949013129","https://openalex.org/W3109077720","https://openalex.org/W3116305792","https://openalex.org/W4384158778"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4386176746","https://openalex.org/W4319987523","https://openalex.org/W2926989958","https://openalex.org/W2618245230","https://openalex.org/W4367301761","https://openalex.org/W2275179784","https://openalex.org/W2029915786","https://openalex.org/W3102784862","https://openalex.org/W3087938466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"studies":[1],"have":[2,57],"demonstrated":[3],"that":[4],"it":[5,27],"is":[6,114,123,169],"feasible":[7],"to":[8,29,53,125,195,206],"apply":[9],"the":[10,31,46,54,62,73,80,94,108,127,143,161,173,191,202],"electrostatic":[11,24,38,65,76,95,144],"sensing":[12],"technique":[13],"for":[14,72],"speed":[15,33,82,129,154,175],"monitoring":[16],"of":[17,23,34,45,64,75,84,93,111,130,156,171,193,204],"non-metallic":[18],"rotating":[19],"machinery.":[20],"The":[21,40,167],"attachment":[22],"markers":[25],"makes":[26],"possible":[28],"measure":[30,126],"rotational":[32,81,128,174],"metallic":[35,86,132,158],"rotors":[36],"with":[37,119,134,147,184],"sensors.":[39,66],"geometric":[41],"shape":[42],"and":[43,48,51,102,160,198],"size":[44],"electrodes":[47],"their":[49],"spacing":[50],"distance":[52],"rotor":[55,133],"surface":[56],"a":[58,70,85,131,135,157,185],"significant":[59],"influence":[60],"on":[61],"performance":[63],"This":[67],"paper":[68],"presents":[69],"scheme":[71],"optimization":[74],"sensors":[77],"applied":[78],"in":[79],"measurement":[83,155],"rotor.":[87],"Through":[88],"computational":[89],"modelling,":[90],"fundamental":[91],"characteristics":[92],"sensor":[96,118,145],"including":[97],"spatial":[98],"sensitivity,":[99],"output":[100],"response":[101],"frequency":[103],"property":[104],"are":[105],"analyzed,":[106],"then":[107],"optimal":[109],"range":[110,192,203],"electrode":[112],"parameters":[113],"obtained.":[115],"An":[116],"optimized":[117],"double":[120],"strip-shaped":[121],"electrodes,":[122],"used":[124],"triboelectric":[136],"marker":[137],"attached.":[138],"Experimental":[139],"results":[140],"indicate":[141],"that,":[142],"coupled":[146],"correlation":[148],"signal":[149],"processing":[150],"algorithms":[151],"enables":[152],"repeatable":[153],"rotor,":[159],"rangeability":[162],"has":[163],"been":[164],"significantly":[165],"extended.":[166],"system":[168],"capable":[170],"measuring":[172],"as":[176,178],"low":[177],"30":[179,194],"rpm":[180,197],"(revolution":[181],"per":[182],"minute)":[183],"relative":[186],"error":[187],"within":[188,199],"\u00b13.4%":[189],"over":[190,201],"120":[196,205],"\u00b10.12%":[200],"3000":[207],"rpm.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}