{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389692289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342212","title":"The Design and Development of a Multifunctional Measuring System for Liquid Level and Temperature","display_name":"The Design and Development of a Multifunctional Measuring System for Liquid Level and Temperature","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389692289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3342212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083750522","display_name":"Anamika Lata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9717-8144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anamika Lata","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering, VIT AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9717-8144","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, VIT AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035732998","display_name":"Praveen Kumar Maurya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-2938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praveen Maurya","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering, VIT AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-2938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, VIT AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071356127","display_name":"Sayyed Faizan Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-2493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayyed Faizan Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering, VIT AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-2493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, VIT AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103007286","display_name":"Rajan Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-9350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127727965","display_name":"Magadh University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3w2x24","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127727965"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajan Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Gaya College of Engineering, Gaya, Bihar, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-9350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Gaya College of Engineering, Gaya, Bihar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127727965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003404016","display_name":"Nirupama Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-0822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189109744","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad","ror":"https://ror.org/013v3cc28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nirupama Mandal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, IIT ISM Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-0822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, IIT ISM Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083750522"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.676,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69323873,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9602000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.6831565499305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.597350537776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.579037070274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5749731063842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-metal","display_name":"Liquid metal","score":0.5463141202926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductor","display_name":"Electrical conductor","score":0.5390154123306274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-measurement","display_name":"Temperature measurement","score":0.5373083353042603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.5337185859680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/level-sensor","display_name":"Level sensor","score":0.4445390999317169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4391055703163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-sensor","display_name":"Soft sensor","score":0.4256490468978882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.418472021818161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.30530846118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2926693260669708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.25491994619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22134807705879211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18073135614395142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.09753450751304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08356276154518127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.07652419805526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07427263259887695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.6831565499305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.597350537776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.579037070274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5749731063842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778492893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6557453","display_name":"Liquid metal","level":2,"score":0.5463141202926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202374169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124291","display_name":"Electrical conductor","level":2,"score":0.5390154123306274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72293138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741","display_name":"Temperature measurement","level":2,"score":0.5373083353042603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.5337185859680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164004088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1481440","display_name":"Level sensor","level":2,"score":0.4445390999317169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4391055703163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115575686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822403","display_name":"Soft sensor","level":3,"score":0.4256490468978882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.418472021818161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.30530846118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2926693260669708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25491994619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22134807705879211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18073135614395142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.09753450751304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08356276154518127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.07652419805526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07427263259887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3342212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3342212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504221779","https://openalex.org/W1525413460","https://openalex.org/W1570459538","https://openalex.org/W1981416331","https://openalex.org/W1995306510","https://openalex.org/W1996250620","https://openalex.org/W2015470658","https://openalex.org/W2019955025","https://openalex.org/W2032481542","https://openalex.org/W2043201037","https://openalex.org/W2075856591","https://openalex.org/W2093857288","https://openalex.org/W2128094691","https://openalex.org/W2129884123","https://openalex.org/W2170916963","https://openalex.org/W2331704321","https://openalex.org/W2460897815","https://openalex.org/W2500935354","https://openalex.org/W2573317576","https://openalex.org/W2795461480","https://openalex.org/W2808204183","https://openalex.org/W2985663888","https://openalex.org/W2987457490","https://openalex.org/W3005547373","https://openalex.org/W3081070312","https://openalex.org/W3094279401","https://openalex.org/W3147432825","https://openalex.org/W3147609715","https://openalex.org/W3164616601","https://openalex.org/W4205639093"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097933059","https://openalex.org/W2374290272","https://openalex.org/W4386158748","https://openalex.org/W1970956258","https://openalex.org/W3127658115","https://openalex.org/W3152705324","https://openalex.org/W2408812858","https://openalex.org/W2737942854","https://openalex.org/W2359154573","https://openalex.org/W2903154728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"a":[3,66,101,113,165],"simple,":[4],"economical":[5],"method":[6,67],"has":[7,94],"been":[8,95],"presented":[9],"for":[10,68,103],"measuring":[11,28,69,146],"the":[12,20,43,57,61,70,104,119,122,125,136,141,150,162],"liquid":[13,17,73,153],"level":[14,59,71,80,92,151],"of":[15,22,31,72,89,124,152],"conductive":[16],"based":[18],"on":[19],"concept":[21],"electrode":[23,78],"polarization":[24,44],"impedance":[25,45],"(EPI).":[26],"The":[27,87,131,144,156],"system":[29,147],"consists":[30],"four":[32],"metallic":[33,36],"electrodes.":[34],"As":[35],"electrodes":[37],"came":[38],"into":[39],"contact":[40],"with":[41,49,164],"fluid,":[42],"developed.":[46],"It":[47],"varies":[48],"fluid-level":[50],"variation":[51],"and":[52,74,82,154],"is":[53,109],"used":[54],"to":[55,99,111,117,127],"determine":[56,118],"fluid":[58,128],"in":[60,97],"tank.":[62],"This":[63],"article":[64],"describes":[65],"temperature":[75,129,163],"simultaneously":[76],"utilizing":[77],"polarization-based":[79],"sensor":[81,93,116,126,138],"artificial":[83],"neural":[84],"network":[85],"(ANN).":[86],"response":[88],"an":[90],"EPI-based":[91],"studied":[96],"order":[98],"create":[100,112],"predictor":[102],"liquid\u2019s":[105],"temperature.":[106,155],"An":[107],"ANN":[108,158],"utilized":[110],"nonparameter":[114],"soft":[115],"relationship":[120],"between":[121],"outputs":[123],"variations.":[130],"experimental":[132],"results":[133],"illustrate":[134],"that":[135],"proposed":[137,145],"effectively":[139],"follows":[140],"theoretical":[142],"one.":[143],"successfully":[148],"measures":[149],"developed":[157],"model":[159],"can":[160],"predict":[161],"minor":[166],"error,":[167],"around":[168],"0.73%.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}