{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387010750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3318707","title":"Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis Under Multiple Working Conditions via a Time-Series Transformer Enhanced by Convolutional Neural Network","display_name":"Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis Under Multiple Working Conditions via a Time-Series Transformer Enhanced by Convolutional Neural Network","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387010750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3318707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3318707","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3318707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044543096","display_name":"Zhiqiang Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-8109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-8109","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080790474","display_name":"Lunchang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8581-8374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100517","display_name":"Hefei Cement Research Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00kaycc68","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longyang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hefei Cement Research and Design Institute Company Ltd, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8581-8374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hefei Cement Research and Design Institute Company Ltd, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005673731","display_name":"Jun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-5084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-5084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Aviation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033440653","display_name":"Wenhao Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhao Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065362598","display_name":"Lei Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-6675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6191-6675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044543096"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9336,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98110514,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9703999757766724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10188","display_name":"Advanced machining processes and optimization","score":0.9509000182151794,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostics","display_name":"Prognostics","score":0.7900716066360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.6628857851028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6485593914985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5330148339271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5263760685920715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condition-monitoring","display_name":"Condition monitoring","score":0.48297515511512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4729718267917633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4629467725753784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4334118366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.41316935420036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3978073000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38782164454460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3592734932899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3545633554458618}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129364497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042561","display_name":"Prognostics","level":2,"score":0.7900716066360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.6628857851028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6485593914985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5330148339271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5263760685920715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643012","display_name":"Condition monitoring","level":2,"score":0.48297515511512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4729718267917633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4629467725753784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4334118366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.41316935420036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3978073000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38782164454460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3592734932899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3545633554458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3318707","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3318707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2243934108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2208085UD03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334897","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4418390813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52305142","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4733645291","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202104h04020006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336578","funder_display_name":"Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Plan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6664062044","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7426941358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51975549","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334897","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336578","display_name":"Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Plan","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W243674440","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2167682994","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2200601869","https://openalex.org/W2485614840","https://openalex.org/W2606521772","https://openalex.org/W2792191775","https://openalex.org/W2808622270","https://openalex.org/W2883254659","https://openalex.org/W2893747136","https://openalex.org/W2900438754","https://openalex.org/W2903917280","https://openalex.org/W2954792909","https://openalex.org/W3009370740","https://openalex.org/W3090238656","https://openalex.org/W3094022630","https://openalex.org/W3137613462","https://openalex.org/W3159983323","https://openalex.org/W4200049650","https://openalex.org/W4224245375","https://openalex.org/W4225016315","https://openalex.org/W4225517134","https://openalex.org/W4283765243","https://openalex.org/W4291961606","https://openalex.org/W4303710087","https://openalex.org/W4311702840","https://openalex.org/W4313203601","https://openalex.org/W4353044824","https://openalex.org/W4381736331","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6640036494","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6839305512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2908973203","https://openalex.org/W2801712269","https://openalex.org/W1872896676","https://openalex.org/W2156691445","https://openalex.org/W2045186954","https://openalex.org/W3000986292","https://openalex.org/W1502469213","https://openalex.org/W2568310397","https://openalex.org/W2123638926","https://openalex.org/W2962769357"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fault":[0],"diagnosis":[1,20,47,175],"plays":[2],"a":[3,36,83,110,116,187],"vital":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,24,53,65,185],"the":[7,59,69,74,92,128,133,156,173],"prognostics":[8],"and":[9,16,79,107,137,149,164],"health":[10],"management":[11],"(PHM)":[12],"of":[13,48,76,112,130,158,178,189],"industrial":[14],"equipment":[15],"systems,":[17],"but":[18],"accurate":[19],"is":[21,124],"always":[22],"challenging":[23],"practical":[25],"applications":[26],"with":[27,120],"varying":[28],"working":[29,51,113],"conditions.":[30,114],"In":[31],"this":[32],"paper,":[33],"we":[34],"propose":[35],"new":[37],"novel":[38],"deep":[39,84],"learning":[40],"model":[41,98],"named":[42],"C-Trans,":[43],"tailored":[44],"for":[45,61,87],"fault":[46,135,139,190],"multiple":[49],"complex":[50],"conditions":[52],"rotating":[54],"machinery,":[55],"aiming":[56],"to":[57,105,154,180],"addresse":[58],"demand":[60],"robust":[62,183],"generalized":[63],"algorithms":[64],"real-world":[66],"applications.":[67],"Specifically,":[68],"proposed":[70],"method,":[71],"which":[72],"integrates":[73],"advantages":[75],"both":[77],"CNN":[78,86],"Transformer":[80,117],"structures,":[81],"employs":[82],"multi-scale":[85,89],"extracting":[88],"features":[90],"from":[91,145],"measured":[93],"raw":[94],"vibration":[95],"signals.":[96],"The":[97],"enhances":[99],"its":[100],"capacity":[101],"through":[102],"convolutional":[103],"operations":[104],"learn":[106],"generalize":[108],"across":[109,167],"range":[111],"Subsequently,":[115],"block":[118],"structure":[119],"multi-head":[121],"attention":[122],"mechanism":[123],"further":[125],"introduced,":[126],"facilitating":[127],"establishment":[129],"connections":[131],"between":[132],"extracted":[134],"information":[136],"corresponding":[138],"categories.":[140],"Extensive":[141],"experimental":[142],"results":[143],"obtained":[144],"five":[146],"distinct":[147],"cases":[148],"comparative":[150],"analyses":[151],"are":[152],"used":[153],"evaluate":[155],"effectiveness":[157],"our":[159,170],"method.":[160],"Through":[161],"accuracy":[162,176],"comparison":[163],"visualization":[165],"analysis":[166],"diverse":[168],"cases,":[169],"findings":[171],"reveal":[172],"average":[174],"rate":[177],"up":[179],"97.57%,":[181],"showcasing":[182],"capability":[184],"discerning":[186],"spectrum":[188],"characteristics.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-09T15:46:55.921056","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
