{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385246262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298680","title":"Three-Dimensional Source Localization Based on 1-D AOA Measurements: Low-Complexity and Effective Estimator","display_name":"Three-Dimensional Source Localization Based on 1-D AOA Measurements: Low-Complexity and Effective Estimator","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385246262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3298680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100757190","display_name":"Yonghua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8952-7241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090744","display_name":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaxam28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210090744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8952-7241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005656538","display_name":"Hua Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0231-2978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090744","display_name":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaxam28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210090744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0231-2978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428308","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-5407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090744","display_name":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaxam28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210090744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-5407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066683690","display_name":"Qisen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-5686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090744","display_name":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaxam28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210090744"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qisen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-5686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013766144","display_name":"Fei Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-3322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090744","display_name":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaxam28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210090744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-3322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058218225","display_name":"Fangjiong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1031-492X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090744","display_name":"Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/00jaxam28","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210090744"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangjiong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1031-492X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090744","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.718,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84496559,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.7392309308052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.6272352933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6252305507659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5997635126113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5375736355781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.49543774127960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.480202317237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.4679728150367737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.46282392740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.45152607560157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.41817358136177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26327964663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14126750826835632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1273491084575653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08932620286941528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.7392309308052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.6272352933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6252305507659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5997635126113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5375736355781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.49543774127960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.480202317237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4679728150367737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.46282392740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45152607560157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.41817358136177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26327964663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14126750826835632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1273491084575653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08932620286941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3298680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1214121328","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62192714","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2350828431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62191712","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2760256575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MESTA-2020-A005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310282","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2797586630","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62191711","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4526937588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310282","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02ntv3742"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1774526428","https://openalex.org/W1969142081","https://openalex.org/W2033332370","https://openalex.org/W2045012981","https://openalex.org/W2065766632","https://openalex.org/W2099238445","https://openalex.org/W2108294956","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2134305930","https://openalex.org/W2193142622","https://openalex.org/W2588546612","https://openalex.org/W2773254562","https://openalex.org/W2896850928","https://openalex.org/W2900364463","https://openalex.org/W2901587105","https://openalex.org/W3001740553","https://openalex.org/W3004380378","https://openalex.org/W3011055704","https://openalex.org/W3014990824","https://openalex.org/W3015451618","https://openalex.org/W3021875663","https://openalex.org/W3025364783","https://openalex.org/W3083139120","https://openalex.org/W3094266166","https://openalex.org/W3108678770","https://openalex.org/W3112910421","https://openalex.org/W3142940959","https://openalex.org/W3145920807","https://openalex.org/W3172441423","https://openalex.org/W3183619348","https://openalex.org/W3193636205","https://openalex.org/W3211688920","https://openalex.org/W4213439841","https://openalex.org/W4214890088","https://openalex.org/W4225512887","https://openalex.org/W4282962590","https://openalex.org/W4283325729","https://openalex.org/W4300448178","https://openalex.org/W4320001371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2114005163","https://openalex.org/W1974000248","https://openalex.org/W3202081150","https://openalex.org/W2585557503","https://openalex.org/W4200087058","https://openalex.org/W2113353934","https://openalex.org/W3107454677","https://openalex.org/W2169354510","https://openalex.org/W3027522983","https://openalex.org/W2090958333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"(3-D)":[1],"source":[2,79],"localization":[3,80,180],"based":[4,183],"on":[5,163,184],"1-D":[6,33,77],"angles":[7],"of":[8,25,169,201],"arrival":[9],"(AOA)":[10],"measurements":[11,191],"from":[12],"multiple":[13],"linear":[14,26,53],"arrays":[15,27],"have":[16,58],"attracted":[17],"much":[18],"attention":[19],"due":[20],"to":[21,32,41,51,67,92,103,123,173,195],"the":[22,29,46,52,86,105,136,149,170,197,202],"low":[23],"cost":[24],"and":[28,45,65,97,127,179,187,199],"easy":[30],"access":[31],"AOAs.":[34],"However,":[35],"most":[36],"existing":[37],"methods":[38,49],"are":[39,192],"restricted":[40],"specific":[42],"array":[43,54],"deployments,":[44,126],"convex":[47],"optimization":[48],"applicable":[50],"with":[55],"arbitrary":[56,124],"deployments":[57],"drawbacks":[59],"such":[60],"as":[61],"high":[62,176],"computational":[63],"complexity":[64],"nonportability":[66],"small":[68,142],"industrial":[69],"equipment.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"article,":[73],"we":[74],"propose":[75],"two":[76],"AOA-based":[78],"methods.":[81,204],"The":[82,145],"first":[83],"method":[84,147,158],"uses":[85],"iterative":[87],"reweighted":[88],"least":[89],"square":[90],"(IRLS)":[91],"obtain":[93],"a":[94,98,112,165,175],"coarse":[95],"solution":[96],"deviation":[99],"refinement":[100],"(DR)":[101],"procedure":[102],"refine":[104],"estimation.":[106],"Each":[107],"step":[108],"in":[109],"IRLS-DR":[110],"has":[111],"closed-form":[113],"solution;":[114],"thus,":[115],"it":[116,121],"is":[117,159],"computationally":[118],"efficient.":[119],"Moreover,":[120],"applies":[122],"interarray":[125],"theoretical":[128],"analysis":[129],"shows":[130],"that":[131],"its":[132],"performance":[133,198],"can":[134],"approach":[135],"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao":[137],"lower":[138],"bound":[139],"(CRLB)":[140],"at":[141],"noise":[143],"levels.":[144],"second":[146],"addresses":[148],"maximum":[150],"likelihood":[151],"estimation":[152],"(MLE).":[153],"A":[154],"modified":[155],"Levenberg\u2013Marquardt":[156],"(MLM)":[157],"proposed,":[160],"which":[161],"focuses":[162],"designing":[164],"new":[166],"selection":[167],"strategy":[168],"regularization":[171],"parameter":[172],"realize":[174],"convergence":[177],"probability":[178],"accuracy.":[181],"Experiments":[182],"computer":[185],"simulations":[186],"SWellEx96-S59":[188],"ocean":[189],"acoustic":[190],"carried":[193],"out":[194],"verify":[196],"advantages":[200],"proposed":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
