{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385219252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298424","title":"A Small-Sized Defect Detection Method for Overhead Transmission Lines Based on Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"A Small-Sized Defect Detection Method for Overhead Transmission Lines Based on Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385219252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298424"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3298424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/940360/5/A%2bSmall-Sized%2bDefect%2bDetection%2bMethod%2bfor%2bPOSTPRINT.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053998429","display_name":"Qi Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-3542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qi Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-3542","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055114361","display_name":"Jiefeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8394-6659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiefeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8394-6659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036415847","display_name":"Xingtuo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-5511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingtuo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-5511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671807","display_name":"Yiyi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8785-126X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8785-126X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014343967","display_name":"Yang Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-6733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-6733","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011480236","display_name":"Runnong Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0471-7407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runnong Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0471-7407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102013586","display_name":"Chuanyang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3702-2647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3702-2647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024594761","display_name":"Giovanni Mazzanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-7691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Mazzanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-7691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053998429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1806,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96351027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7195761203765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6036226749420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-transmission","display_name":"Electric power transmission","score":0.5777668952941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.549452006816864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5212453007698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulator","display_name":"Insulator (electricity)","score":0.5130385160446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4631262421607971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4536846876144409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4311715364456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.431151419878006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-line","display_name":"Transmission line","score":0.41213175654411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4109511375427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17555105686187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0750308632850647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7195761203765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6036226749420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.5777668952941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.549452006816864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5212453007698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C212702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178150","display_name":"Insulator (electricity)","level":2,"score":0.5130385160446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4631262421607971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4536846876144409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4311715364456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.431151419878006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33441834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693004","display_name":"Transmission line","level":2,"score":0.41213175654411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4109511375427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17555105686187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0750308632850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2023.3298424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2023.3298424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/940360","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/940360","pdf_url":"https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/940360/5/A%2bSmall-Sized%2bDefect%2bDetection%2bMethod%2bfor%2bPOSTPRINT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/940360","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/940360","pdf_url":"https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/940360/5/A%2bSmall-Sized%2bDefect%2bDetection%2bMethod%2bfor%2bPOSTPRINT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6705387171","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023GXNSFFA026012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322768","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322768","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385219252.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1553179560","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2888668886","https://openalex.org/W2897772777","https://openalex.org/W2912675002","https://openalex.org/W2944303778","https://openalex.org/W2961395553","https://openalex.org/W2962721361","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2965402078","https://openalex.org/W2979859816","https://openalex.org/W2991620669","https://openalex.org/W3002368185","https://openalex.org/W3005842625","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3119154513","https://openalex.org/W3156764760","https://openalex.org/W3200736696","https://openalex.org/W4292972665","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4312243195","https://openalex.org/W4319069027","https://openalex.org/W6633084988","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6750227808","https://openalex.org/W6753412334","https://openalex.org/W6777046832","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128921366","https://openalex.org/W2147566842","https://openalex.org/W2554043195","https://openalex.org/W4389481270","https://openalex.org/W2099284870","https://openalex.org/W2255070319","https://openalex.org/W4200603180","https://openalex.org/W3146009781","https://openalex.org/W4387060272","https://openalex.org/W2914733785"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Insulator":[0],"defect":[1,50,60,163],"detection":[2,51,61],"is":[3,123,147],"essential":[4],"to":[5,18,23,36,78,83,125,129,131,149],"the":[6,24,80,105,113,127,139,142,152,159,167,175,181],"reliable":[7],"operation":[8],"of":[9,27,107,112,169],"overhead":[10],"transmission":[11,176],"lines.":[12],"However,":[13],"current":[14],"automatic":[15],"algorithms":[16],"struggle":[17],"extract":[19,84],"critical":[20],"features":[21,85,108,154],"due":[22],"small":[25],"size":[26],"insulator":[28,59,187],"defects":[29,133,188],"in":[30,166,193],"inspection":[31],"images,":[32],"which":[33,64],"may":[34],"lead":[35],"potential":[37],"failures.":[38],"To":[39],"address":[40],"this":[41,43],"issue,":[42],"article":[44],"proposes":[45],"a":[46,72],"novel":[47],"and":[48,100,134,155,189],"high-accuracy":[49],"method":[52,183],"based":[53],"on":[54,174],"deep":[55],"learning":[56],"technology,":[57],"named":[58],"network":[62,76,96,128],"(I2D-Net),":[63],"incorporates":[65],"several":[66],"innovative":[67],"modules.":[68],"First,":[69],"we":[70],"design":[71],"three-path":[73],"feature":[74,91],"fusion":[75,92],"(TFFN)":[77],"improve":[79],"network\u2019s":[81],"ability":[82],"from":[86,138],"shallow":[87],"layers.":[88],"This":[89,161],"hierarchical":[90],"mechanism":[93],"across":[94],"different":[95,110],"layers":[97],"preserves":[98],"spatial":[99],"semantic":[101],"information,":[102],"thereby":[103],"maintaining":[104],"quality":[106],"at":[109],"levels":[111],"pyramid.":[114],"Second,":[115],"an":[116],"enhanced":[117],"receptive":[118],"field":[119],"attention":[120],"(RFA+)":[121],"block":[122],"incorporated":[124],"enable":[126],"adapt":[130],"different-scale":[132],"effectively":[135],"distinguish":[136],"them":[137],"background.":[140],"Finally,":[141],"context":[143],"perception":[144],"module":[145],"(CPM)":[146],"introduced":[148],"better":[150],"understand":[151],"surrounding":[153],"their":[156],"relationship":[157],"with":[158],"defects.":[160],"improves":[162],"localization":[164],"capacity":[165],"presence":[168],"interfering":[170],"factors.":[171],"Experimental":[172],"results":[173],"line":[177],"dataset":[178],"demonstrate":[179],"that":[180],"proposed":[182],"can":[184],"accurately":[185],"detect":[186],"electrical":[190],"components,":[191],"even":[192],"challenging":[194],"scenarios.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-27T09:02:27.158192","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}