{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312889400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3229724","title":"A Deep Learning Parking Detection Algorithm Using W-Shape Magnetic Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"A Deep Learning Parking Detection Algorithm Using W-Shape Magnetic Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312889400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3229724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3229724","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3229724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005097785","display_name":"Ying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2512-6895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044606174","display_name":"Chang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2349-2549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050473014","display_name":"Peng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7252-5514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044934536","display_name":"Yuan You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-5931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan You","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071334439","display_name":"Yifei Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4639-7149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005097785"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.635,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65564065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6037322282791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5647715926170349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.5632128119468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5202363729476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4846399426460266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4594839811325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45910218358039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45600661635398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parking-lot","display_name":"Parking lot","score":0.43380579352378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4302245080471039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.41854560375213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.34957221150398254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3208765983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18739333748817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12855613231658936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6037322282791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5647715926170349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.5632128119468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5202363729476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4846399426460266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4594839811325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45910218358039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45600661635398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777427512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501349","display_name":"Parking lot","level":2,"score":0.43380579352378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4302245080471039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.41854560375213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.34957221150398254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3208765983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18739333748817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12855613231658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3229724","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3229724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2316676589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018sz0364","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322922","funder_display_name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322922","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/04323m874"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W1964377490","https://openalex.org/W2008748465","https://openalex.org/W2015068298","https://openalex.org/W2036708807","https://openalex.org/W2041182256","https://openalex.org/W2115017609","https://openalex.org/W2127553152","https://openalex.org/W2139377082","https://openalex.org/W2145438115","https://openalex.org/W2157677694","https://openalex.org/W2166314175","https://openalex.org/W2287455019","https://openalex.org/W2325301913","https://openalex.org/W2576196112","https://openalex.org/W2757760804","https://openalex.org/W2810097827","https://openalex.org/W2893769683","https://openalex.org/W2897265013","https://openalex.org/W2953872020","https://openalex.org/W2991215799","https://openalex.org/W2999169186","https://openalex.org/W3017033141","https://openalex.org/W3087824962","https://openalex.org/W3112972706","https://openalex.org/W4212800188","https://openalex.org/W4224237202","https://openalex.org/W4226246587","https://openalex.org/W4285293918","https://openalex.org/W4285307184","https://openalex.org/W6640036494","https://openalex.org/W6737778391","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357124094","https://openalex.org/W2387399993","https://openalex.org/W2389739210","https://openalex.org/W2348924972","https://openalex.org/W2365736347","https://openalex.org/W2047454415","https://openalex.org/W2070040999","https://openalex.org/W2387293848","https://openalex.org/W2250140200","https://openalex.org/W2079312091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,55,61,66,103,107,117,161,168,173,176,181,188,196,201],"number":[2,152],"of":[3,54,105,153,175],"motor":[4],"vehicles":[5,110],"in":[6,13,32,41,69,93,102,111,178,195,221],"cities":[7],"rapidly":[8],"increasing,":[9],"scheduling":[10],"and":[11,21,24,49,60,91,207],"management":[12],"large":[14,95,144,222],"parking":[15,80,96,113,125,145,149,223],"lots":[16,146],"need":[17],"to":[18,45,75,83,89,219],"be":[19],"timelier":[20],"more":[22],"accurate,":[23],"vehicle":[25,42],"detection":[26,43,126,213],"technology":[27],"plays":[28],"a":[29,84,94,122],"crucial":[30],"role":[31],"this":[33,120],"process.":[34],"Magnetic":[35],"sensors":[36,155],"have":[37],"attracted":[38],"enormous":[39],"interest":[40],"owing":[44],"their":[46],"low":[47],"cost":[48],"easy":[50],"installation.":[51],"However,":[52],"most":[53],"studies":[56],"extract":[57],"features":[58],"manually,":[59],"results":[62],"are":[63],"given":[64],"by":[65,159],"potential":[67],"difference":[68],"magnetic":[70,137],"signal":[71],"which":[72,86,164],"is":[73,87,141,156,185,217],"susceptible":[74],"environmental":[76],"interference.":[77],"Moreover,":[78],"each":[79],"space":[81],"corresponds":[82],"sensor,":[85],"costly":[88],"deploy":[90],"maintain":[92],"lot.":[97],"The":[98,151],"main":[99],"challenge":[100],"lies":[101],"difficulty":[104],"eliminating":[106],"interferences":[108],"from":[109,191],"adjacent":[112],"spaces":[114],"that":[115,200],"decrease":[116],"accuracy.":[118,214],"In":[119],"article,":[121],"deep":[123,182],"learning":[124,183],"algorithm":[127,177,202],"based":[128],"on":[129],"<inline-formula":[130],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[131],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[132],"<tex-math":[133],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$W$":[134],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[135],"-shape":[136],"wireless":[138],"sensor":[139,162],"network":[140],"proposed":[142],"for":[143],"with":[147,187],"vertical":[148],"spaces.":[150],"required":[154],"greatly":[157,166],"reduced":[158],"analyzing":[160],"deployment":[163],"can":[165,203],"reduce":[167,205],"costs":[169,206],"accordingly.":[170],"To":[171],"improve":[172,208],"adaptability":[174,209],"different":[179],"environments,":[180],"model":[184],"trained":[186],"collaborative":[189],"information":[190],"multiple":[192],"sensors.":[193],"Test":[194],"actual":[197],"scene":[198],"shows":[199],"significantly":[204],"while":[210],"ensuring":[211],"high":[212],"Thus,":[215],"it":[216],"easier":[218],"implement":[220],"lots.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
