{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312432409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3225033","title":"Temperature Monitoring in the Refractory Lining of a Continuous Casting Tundish Using Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors","display_name":"Temperature Monitoring in the Refractory Lining of a Continuous Casting Tundish Using Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312432409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3225033"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3225033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3225033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011302128","display_name":"Muhammad Roman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-6821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Roman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-6821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010093435","display_name":"Hanok Tekle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-796X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanok Tekle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-796X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064328673","display_name":"Dinesh Reddy Alla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-1878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dinesh Reddy Alla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-1878","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031842233","display_name":"Farhan Mumtaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-608X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhan Mumtaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-608X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004517322","display_name":"Jeffrey D. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-6357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey D. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-6357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071856782","display_name":"Laura Bartlett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-0468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Bartlett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-0468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018441993","display_name":"Ronald J. O\u2019Malley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-6459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald J. O'Malley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-6459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Material Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075205593","display_name":"Rex E. Gerald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-1260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rex E. Gerald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-1260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028758562","display_name":"Jie Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011302128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83791323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tundish","display_name":"Tundish","score":0.9333441257476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7420628070831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.7316129803657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-casting","display_name":"Continuous casting","score":0.5765540599822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.5178976058959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.4746554493904114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.4461357891559601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casting","display_name":"Casting","score":0.43557560443878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.42501431703567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.4231747090816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2696346044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11463010311126709}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7852890","display_name":"Tundish","level":3,"score":0.9333441257476807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7420628070831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.7316129803657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779684419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506832","display_name":"Continuous casting","level":2,"score":0.5765540599822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.5178976058959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.4746554493904114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4461357891559601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16635281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496098","display_name":"Casting","level":2,"score":0.43557560443878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.42501431703567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.4231747090816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2696346044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11463010311126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3225033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3225033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7222153905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-EE0009119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332360","funder_display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332360","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/02xznz413"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W122983529","https://openalex.org/W1072791598","https://openalex.org/W1514743803","https://openalex.org/W1515871170","https://openalex.org/W1937011224","https://openalex.org/W2026870807","https://openalex.org/W2065327176","https://openalex.org/W2085009766","https://openalex.org/W2095091890","https://openalex.org/W2105022560","https://openalex.org/W2143960124","https://openalex.org/W2331800289","https://openalex.org/W2334989805","https://openalex.org/W2595950321","https://openalex.org/W2778176826","https://openalex.org/W2890964889","https://openalex.org/W2901603044","https://openalex.org/W2916225907","https://openalex.org/W2941710810","https://openalex.org/W3004492792","https://openalex.org/W3011455107","https://openalex.org/W3033054110","https://openalex.org/W3043118096","https://openalex.org/W3120762161","https://openalex.org/W3196892326","https://openalex.org/W3205880699","https://openalex.org/W4200505703","https://openalex.org/W4205951467"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348824370","https://openalex.org/W2386201737","https://openalex.org/W2369916513","https://openalex.org/W2235674062","https://openalex.org/W2977897168","https://openalex.org/W2891422796","https://openalex.org/W2370137841","https://openalex.org/W2387859952","https://openalex.org/W2382643237","https://openalex.org/W2367159445"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"explores":[2],"the":[3,23,33,64,68,85,88,92,117,130,134,138,142,162,182,187,191,216,227,242,245],"prospects":[4],"of":[5,26,32,67,80,87,141,158,174,221,244],"using":[6,44],"spatially":[7,204,222],"distributed":[8,223],"optical":[9,16,34,54,123,164,183,206],"fiber":[10,35,124,184,207],"temperature":[11,79,131,179],"sensors":[12,36,125,185,208],"based":[13],"on":[14,212],"Rayleigh":[15],"frequency":[17],"domain":[18],"reflectometry":[19],"(OFDR)":[20],"technology":[21],"in":[22,37,57,63,104,133,186,215,226],"continuous":[24,205],"casting":[25],"molten":[27,93,149],"steel.":[28,150],"The":[29,71,121,166,177,203],"measurement":[30],"capability":[31],"a":[38,45,78,105,155],"simulated":[39],"steelmaking":[40],"environment":[41],"was":[42,50,74,102,114,194],"demonstrated":[43],"mock":[46,69],"refractory-lined":[47],"tundish,":[48],"which":[49],"fabricated":[51],"in-house.":[52],"Single-mode":[53],"fibers,":[55],"contained":[56],"protective":[58],"stainless-steel":[59],"tubing,":[60],"were":[61,126,152,168],"embedded":[62,122,163],"refractory":[65,228,238],"lining":[66,136,189,229],"tundish.":[70,120],"instrumented":[72,118],"tundish":[73,143],"preheated":[75,119],"up":[76],"to":[77,128],"960":[81],"\u00b0C":[82],"(recorded":[83],"at":[84],"surface":[86],"working":[89],"lining)":[90],"before":[91],"steel":[94,98,192],"pour.":[95],"A":[96],"low-alloy":[97],"(AISI":[99],"4140":[100],"grade)":[101],"melted":[103],"200":[106],"lb":[107],"(90.7":[108],"kg)":[109],"coreless":[110],"induction":[111],"furnace":[112],"and":[113,144,240],"poured":[115],"into":[116],"used":[127],"measure":[129],"distribution":[132],"castable":[135,188,217],"during":[137,145],"preheating":[139],"process":[140],"its":[146],"contact":[147],"with":[148,154,170],"Temperatures":[151],"metered":[153],"spatial":[156],"resolution":[157],"0.65":[159],"mm":[160],"along":[161],"fibers.":[165],"measurements":[167],"recorded":[169,180],"an":[171],"update":[172],"rate":[173],"1":[175],"Hz.":[176],"maximum":[178],"by":[181],"after":[190],"pour":[193],"<inline-formula":[195],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[196],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[197],"<tex-math":[198],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$591^{\\circ":[199],"}\\text{C}$":[200],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[201],".":[202],"provided":[209],"useful":[210],"information":[211],"thermal":[213,224],"gradients":[214],"lining.":[218],"Real-time":[219],"monitoring":[220],"profiles":[225],"can":[230],"improve":[231,241],"superheat":[232],"control,":[233],"reduce":[234],"energy":[235],"losses,":[236],"detect":[237],"wear,":[239],"quality":[243],"cast.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}