{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312589289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3220273","title":"Magnetic-Charge Element Method for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection","display_name":"Magnetic-Charge Element Method for Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312589289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3220273"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3220273","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3220273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080460882","display_name":"Shizhong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1098-1677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shizhong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1098-1677","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377019","display_name":"Hongmei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-036X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158823","display_name":"Weihai Science and Technology Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx4xx46","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158823"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongmei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","Weihai Huateng Offshore Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-036X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weihai Huateng Offshore Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158823"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050041734","display_name":"Chuntian Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2116-2485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158823","display_name":"Weihai Science and Technology Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/05mx4xx46","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158823"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuntian Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","Weihai Huateng Offshore Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2116-2485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weihai Huateng Offshore Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158823"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7413,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83169969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux-leakage","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","score":0.8719143867492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.7160316705703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-flux","display_name":"Magnetic flux","score":0.5490924119949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.532127857208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.522648811340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-dipole","display_name":"Magnetic dipole","score":0.4840182960033417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.4794656038284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.47351670265197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole","display_name":"Dipole","score":0.45438894629478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferromagnetism","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","score":0.4526110589504242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3942510783672333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3648354709148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.3635771870613098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3565709590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3109630346298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3055846095085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.28304657340049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.276956707239151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.274311900138855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24891072511672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condensed-matter-physics","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","score":0.13426873087882996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20892748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4390394","display_name":"Magnetic flux leakage","level":3,"score":0.8719143867492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.7160316705703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.5490924119949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.532127857208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.522648811340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169852918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390314","display_name":"Magnetic dipole","level":3,"score":0.4840182960033417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4794656038284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.47351670265197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.45438894629478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82217956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184207","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","level":2,"score":0.4526110589504242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3942510783672333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3648354709148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3635771870613098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3565709590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3109630346298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3055846095085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.28304657340049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.276956707239151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.274311900138855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24891072511672974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.13426873087882996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3220273","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3220273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8767274072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YJ202091","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","funder_display_name":"Sichuan University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970844836","https://openalex.org/W1974735879","https://openalex.org/W2012224578","https://openalex.org/W2032574977","https://openalex.org/W2040417819","https://openalex.org/W2058441197","https://openalex.org/W2134372433","https://openalex.org/W2170487582","https://openalex.org/W2526846036","https://openalex.org/W2794714840","https://openalex.org/W2968317349","https://openalex.org/W2972651953","https://openalex.org/W3011350210","https://openalex.org/W3038309809","https://openalex.org/W3111233022","https://openalex.org/W3127351938","https://openalex.org/W3129414820","https://openalex.org/W3131335379","https://openalex.org/W3168099128","https://openalex.org/W4213449445","https://openalex.org/W4285183634"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4383333701","https://openalex.org/W4309229061","https://openalex.org/W2120417348","https://openalex.org/W2045234003","https://openalex.org/W2993285375","https://openalex.org/W2015574894","https://openalex.org/W2972622007","https://openalex.org/W3161862903","https://openalex.org/W166866287","https://openalex.org/W2000134464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetic":[0],"flux":[1],"leakage":[2],"(MFL)":[3],"inspection":[4,139],"is":[5,33,57,69,76,130,163],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,14],"testing":[9],"and":[10,50,67,109,137],"evaluating":[11],"of":[12,26,38,59,64,87,107,112,121,126,135],"defects":[13,31,89],"ferromagnetic":[15],"structures,":[16],"providing":[17],"important":[18],"assurances":[19],"for":[20,35,71],"their":[21],"safe":[22],"operations.":[23],"The":[24,41,124,141],"calculation":[25],"MFL":[27,62,73,85,119,138],"signals":[28],"based":[29,102],"on":[30,103],"shape":[32],"critical":[34],"the":[36,61,72,96,104,110,118,127,145,149,153,158,160],"accuracy":[37,151],"defect":[39],"evaluation.":[40],"existing":[42,154],"methods":[43],"mainly":[44],"include":[45],"magnetic":[46,97],"dipole":[47],"model":[48],"(MDM)":[49],"finite":[51],"element":[52,99],"method":[53,81,100,129,147],"(FEM),":[54],"while":[55],"MDM":[56],"incapable":[58],"calculating":[60],"fields":[63,86,120],"complex":[65],"defects,":[66],"FEM":[68],"time-consuming":[70],"analysis.":[74],"It":[75],"necessary":[77],"to":[78],"develop":[79],"a":[80,133],"which":[82,114],"can":[83,115],"calculate":[84,117],"arbitrary":[88,122],"fast.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"paper,":[93],"we":[94],"propose":[95],"charge":[98],"(MCEM)":[101],"microscopic":[105],"mechanism":[106],"magnetization":[108],"theory":[111],"MDM,":[113],"quickly":[116],"defects.":[123],"effectiveness":[125],"proposed":[128,146],"verified":[131],"by":[132],"series":[134],"simulations":[136],"experiments.":[140],"results":[142],"show":[143],"that":[144],"has":[148],"same":[150],"as":[152],"methods.":[155],"Compared":[156],"with":[157],"FEM,":[159],"computation":[161],"time":[162],"greatly":[164],"reduced.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
