{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293258836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3200100","title":"MAFNet: Segmentation of Road Potholes With Multimodal Attention Fusion Network for Autonomous Vehicles","display_name":"MAFNet: Segmentation of Road Potholes With Multimodal Attention Fusion Network for Autonomous Vehicles","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293258836","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3200100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3200100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3200100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034273416","display_name":"Zhen Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-950X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-950X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048565157","display_name":"Yanning Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6150-3646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanning Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6150-3646","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018059499","display_name":"Liang Qing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-5629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-5629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076048341","display_name":"M. Usman Maqbool Bhutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3512-4279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Usman Maqbool Bhutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Central Ave, Hong Kong","Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3512-4279","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Central Ave, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039139864","display_name":"Hengli Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-9759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengli Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-9759","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100347785","display_name":"Ming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-238X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-238X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039935452","display_name":"Yuxiang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-0559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxiang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-0559","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9229855,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10264","display_name":"Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pothole","display_name":"Pothole (geology)","score":0.9495884776115417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7356253266334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6464220285415649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.619636058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuse","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","score":0.561751127243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5525515079498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5464056134223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5082890391349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4982316493988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.49785923957824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2646821141242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12561914324760437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776023743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7234907","display_name":"Pothole (geology)","level":2,"score":0.9495884776115417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7356253266334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6464220285415649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.619636058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141353440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182221","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","level":2,"score":0.561751127243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5525515079498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5464056134223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5082890391349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4982316493988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.49785923957824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2646821141242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12561914324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5900021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163082","display_name":"Petrology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3200100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3200100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-119221","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-119221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2857140628","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61973100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3616698280","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61876050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7155204290","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P0034801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","funder_display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7699802258","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12150008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8043710045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62003286","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2507155107","https://openalex.org/W2511065100","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2587989515","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2774839435","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2792796963","https://openalex.org/W2884078676","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2891534395","https://openalex.org/W2896959297","https://openalex.org/W2898061234","https://openalex.org/W2902432217","https://openalex.org/W2905053868","https://openalex.org/W2912236777","https://openalex.org/W2913580266","https://openalex.org/W2921749009","https://openalex.org/W2955058313","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2965435055","https://openalex.org/W2979872609","https://openalex.org/W3021470593","https://openalex.org/W3035017797","https://openalex.org/W3043481597","https://openalex.org/W3045892765","https://openalex.org/W3048985289","https://openalex.org/W3082662376","https://openalex.org/W3088226460","https://openalex.org/W3115776022","https://openalex.org/W3119834764","https://openalex.org/W3127751679","https://openalex.org/W3138423360","https://openalex.org/W3158080681","https://openalex.org/W3163559940","https://openalex.org/W6695314431","https://openalex.org/W6756085497","https://openalex.org/W6779656142","https://openalex.org/W6790275670"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394960179","https://openalex.org/W2185993565","https://openalex.org/W4398789280","https://openalex.org/W1972815933","https://openalex.org/W2592426749","https://openalex.org/W2383269480","https://openalex.org/W3118927687","https://openalex.org/W640636360","https://openalex.org/W278943861","https://openalex.org/W4390073513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Road":[0],"potholes":[1,17,54],"can":[2],"cause":[3],"discomforts":[4],"to":[5,11,25,58,65,71,120],"passengers":[6],"and":[7,112,125,137],"even":[8],"traffic":[9],"accidents":[10],"vehicles.":[12],"Accurate":[13],"segmentation":[14,33],"of":[15,52],"road":[16,53,59],"is":[18,47,55,84],"an":[19],"important":[20],"capability":[21],"for":[22,78,103],"autonomous":[23],"vehicles":[24],"ensure":[26],"driving":[27],"safety.":[28],"Some":[29],"methods":[30,46,69],"on":[31],"road-pothole":[32,104],"use":[34],"single-modal":[35],"data":[36,100],"(i.e.,":[37],"RGB":[38,73,124],"images).":[39],"The":[40],"main":[41],"challenge":[42],"faced":[43],"by":[44],"these":[45,62],"that":[48],"the":[49,123,138,142,145],"visual":[50],"appearance":[51],"often":[56],"close":[57],"areas,":[60],"making":[61],"networks":[63],"difficult":[64],"distinguish":[66],"them.":[67],"Recent":[68],"resort":[70],"fusing":[72],"images":[74,77],"with":[75],"depth/disparity":[76],"pothole":[79],"segmentation.":[80],"However,":[81],"their":[82],"performance":[83],"still":[85],"not":[86],"satisfactory":[87],"in":[88],"real-world":[89],"applications.":[90],"To":[91],"achieve":[92],"superior":[93],"results,":[94],"this":[95],"paper":[96],"proposes":[97],"a":[98,107,113,134],"novel":[99],"fusion":[101,110,116],"network":[102,132],"segmentation,":[105],"where":[106],"channel":[108],"attention":[109,115],"module":[111,117],"dual":[114],"are":[118],"designed":[119],"hierarchically":[121],"fuse":[122],"disparity":[126],"data.":[127],"We":[128],"evaluate":[129],"our":[130],"proposed":[131],"using":[133],"public":[135],"dataset,":[136],"experimental":[139],"results":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"superiority":[143],"over":[144],"state-of-the-art":[146],"networks.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}