{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312648418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3188510","title":"Review of Fiber Optic Displacement Sensors","display_name":"Review of Fiber Optic Displacement Sensors","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312648418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3188510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3188510","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3188510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016227748","display_name":"Chen Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3256-7330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059828162","display_name":"Yiyang Zhuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5835-8118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyang Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461583","display_name":"Bo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-0443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028758562","display_name":"Jie Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Optical Fiber Sensing, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016227748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.4781,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":190,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99638194,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.7212290167808533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.6522976160049438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.6134147644042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.5815154314041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomical-interferometer","display_name":"Astronomical interferometer","score":0.5796980857849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5701726675033569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/michelson-interferometer","display_name":"Michelson interferometer","score":0.45895370841026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-splitter","display_name":"Fiber optic splitter","score":0.4535145163536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.4519602060317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-mode-optical-fiber","display_name":"Multi-mode optical fiber","score":0.42544904351234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4071163237094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2667310833930969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.7212290167808533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.6522976160049438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.6134147644042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.5815154314041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23576306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004698","display_name":"Astronomical interferometer","level":3,"score":0.5796980857849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5701726675033569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9809166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733088","display_name":"Michelson interferometer","level":3,"score":0.45895370841026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146199129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5446365","display_name":"Fiber optic splitter","level":4,"score":0.4535145163536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4519602060317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101645829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781857","display_name":"Multi-mode optical fiber","level":3,"score":0.42544904351234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4071163237094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2667310833930969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3188510","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3188510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":155,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497473236","https://openalex.org/W1555149020","https://openalex.org/W1795848634","https://openalex.org/W1947584339","https://openalex.org/W1963729996","https://openalex.org/W1965532300","https://openalex.org/W1967000048","https://openalex.org/W1970159386","https://openalex.org/W1971769899","https://openalex.org/W1975409599","https://openalex.org/W1975554713","https://openalex.org/W1979681423","https://openalex.org/W1980248884","https://openalex.org/W1981363439","https://openalex.org/W1983666384","https://openalex.org/W1984227367","https://openalex.org/W1993650538","https://openalex.org/W1993682005","https://openalex.org/W1994282647","https://openalex.org/W1995789043","https://openalex.org/W1996130291","https://openalex.org/W1997291585","https://openalex.org/W1998914315","https://openalex.org/W1999141687","https://openalex.org/W2000059908","https://openalex.org/W2003325902","https://openalex.org/W2003499419","https://openalex.org/W2005362308","https://openalex.org/W2009331818","https://openalex.org/W2015598617","https://openalex.org/W2016580240","https://openalex.org/W2018114718","https://openalex.org/W2018936197","https://openalex.org/W2023618805","https://openalex.org/W2024190498","https://openalex.org/W2025249500","https://openalex.org/W2030275872","https://openalex.org/W2031948031","https://openalex.org/W2037686463","https://openalex.org/W2038582391","https://openalex.org/W2042194869","https://openalex.org/W2044278041","https://openalex.org/W2048987618","https://openalex.org/W2051162467","https://openalex.org/W2051399392","https://openalex.org/W2056070099","https://openalex.org/W2059544274","https://openalex.org/W2060250478","https://openalex.org/W2060728187","https://openalex.org/W2069702668","https://openalex.org/W2071322448","https://openalex.org/W2073612097","https://openalex.org/W2075031581","https://openalex.org/W2075753898","https://openalex.org/W2076307384","https://openalex.org/W2077673510","https://openalex.org/W2079290851","https://openalex.org/W2081164099","https://openalex.org/W2081689099","https://openalex.org/W2083891787","https://openalex.org/W2088915939","https://openalex.org/W2089205820","https://openalex.org/W2095514328","https://openalex.org/W2107524776","https://openalex.org/W2109005643","https://openalex.org/W2110195900","https://openalex.org/W2111578888","https://openalex.org/W2112240446","https://openalex.org/W2121654723","https://openalex.org/W2132574037","https://openalex.org/W2138118448","https://openalex.org/W2140637004","https://openalex.org/W2141057923","https://openalex.org/W2151066929","https://openalex.org/W2151492098","https://openalex.org/W2155869634","https://openalex.org/W2157961436","https://openalex.org/W2158839368","https://openalex.org/W2182259497","https://openalex.org/W2192039719","https://openalex.org/W2274148001","https://openalex.org/W2284608842","https://openalex.org/W2289367473","https://openalex.org/W2300781724","https://openalex.org/W2322824153","https://openalex.org/W2323102999","https://openalex.org/W2324776857","https://openalex.org/W2333925374","https://openalex.org/W2334280759","https://openalex.org/W2346725977","https://openalex.org/W2486063884","https://openalex.org/W2512293347","https://openalex.org/W2519086866","https://openalex.org/W2547959527","https://openalex.org/W2565472021","https://openalex.org/W2569880163","https://openalex.org/W2590038703","https://openalex.org/W2613656038","https://openalex.org/W2623811601","https://openalex.org/W2737637239","https://openalex.org/W2743302951","https://openalex.org/W2750175510","https://openalex.org/W2750245145","https://openalex.org/W2752100806","https://openalex.org/W2753144237","https://openalex.org/W2768163574","https://openalex.org/W2770558922","https://openalex.org/W2787071329","https://openalex.org/W2790559521","https://openalex.org/W2791741128","https://openalex.org/W2802452002","https://openalex.org/W2807052897","https://openalex.org/W2854510511","https://openalex.org/W2883917622","https://openalex.org/W2885568422","https://openalex.org/W2886188991","https://openalex.org/W2890522351","https://openalex.org/W2893211784","https://openalex.org/W2895372596","https://openalex.org/W2898714175","https://openalex.org/W2898991052","https://openalex.org/W2900119265","https://openalex.org/W2906921369","https://openalex.org/W2917619849","https://openalex.org/W2948796592","https://openalex.org/W2953493578","https://openalex.org/W2962660071","https://openalex.org/W2963993178","https://openalex.org/W2978278581","https://openalex.org/W2994646784","https://openalex.org/W2997499075","https://openalex.org/W2998331240","https://openalex.org/W3037930154","https://openalex.org/W3088364508","https://openalex.org/W3097694970","https://openalex.org/W3099981616","https://openalex.org/W3103586698","https://openalex.org/W3108144186","https://openalex.org/W3127074611","https://openalex.org/W3144150244","https://openalex.org/W3156717773","https://openalex.org/W3179823346","https://openalex.org/W3182028900","https://openalex.org/W3184341163","https://openalex.org/W3196400289","https://openalex.org/W3199880487","https://openalex.org/W3209268011","https://openalex.org/W3211593526","https://openalex.org/W4229043451","https://openalex.org/W4251196115","https://openalex.org/W4251809247","https://openalex.org/W4253977142","https://openalex.org/W4285242143","https://openalex.org/W6643160315","https://openalex.org/W6685794274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077535648","https://openalex.org/W3121081721","https://openalex.org/W1970980708","https://openalex.org/W1986996884","https://openalex.org/W1978787047","https://openalex.org/W4236498719","https://openalex.org/W2076775101","https://openalex.org/W2037173785","https://openalex.org/W3187057406","https://openalex.org/W2124683499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Displacement":[0],"measurements":[1],"are":[2,155,173],"of":[3,9,54,129,166],"significant":[4],"importance":[5],"in":[6,40,50,114,163],"a":[7],"variety":[8],"critical":[10],"scientific":[11],"and":[12,22,35,64,79,126,141,147,158,168],"engineering":[13],"fields":[14],"such":[15,30,91],"as":[16,31,92],"gravitational":[17],"wave":[18],"detection,":[19],"geophysical":[20],"research,":[21],"manufacturing":[23],"industries.":[24],"Due":[25],"to":[26,37,62,87],"the":[27,103,115,121,135,138,142,164],"inherent":[28],"advantages":[29],"compactness,":[32],"high":[33],"sensitivity,":[34],"immunity":[36],"electromagnetic":[38],"interference,":[39],"recent":[41],"years,":[42],"fiber":[43,71,93,105,130,151],"optic":[44,72,106,152],"sensors":[45,74,154,172],"have":[46,75,80,111],"been":[47,112],"widely":[48],"used":[49],"an":[51],"expansive":[52],"range":[53],"sensing":[55,108],"applications,":[56],"ranging":[57],"from":[58,82],"infra-structural":[59],"health":[60],"monitoring":[61],"chemical":[63],"biological":[65],"sensing.":[66],"Of":[67],"particular":[68],"interest":[69,78],"here,":[70],"displacement":[73,107,153,171],"gained":[76],"wide":[77],"evolved":[81],"basic":[83],"intensity":[84],"modulation-based":[85],"configurations":[86],"more":[88],"advanced":[89,104],"structures,":[90],"Bragg":[94,131],"grating-based,":[95],"interferometric":[96],"configurations,":[97],"etc.":[98],"This":[99],"paper":[100],"reviews":[101],"specifically":[102],"techniques":[109],"that":[110],"developed":[113],"past":[116],"two":[117],"decades.":[118],"Details":[119],"regarding":[120],"working":[122],"principle,":[123],"sensor":[124],"design,":[125],"performance":[127],"measures":[128],"gratings-based,":[132],"interferometers-based":[133],"(including":[134],"Fabry-Perot":[136],"interferometer,":[137,140],"Michelson":[139],"multimode":[143],"interferometer),":[144],"microwave":[145],"photonics-based,":[146],"surface":[148],"plasmon":[149],"resonance-based":[150],"given.":[156],"Challenges":[157],"perspectives":[159],"on":[160],"future":[161],"research":[162],"development":[165],"practical":[167],"high-temperature":[169],"tolerant":[170],"also":[174],"discussed.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
