{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285210396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3177720","title":"Impartial Differentiable Automatic Data Augmentation Based on Finite Difference Approximation for Pedestrian Detection","display_name":"Impartial Differentiable Automatic Data Augmentation Based on Finite Difference Approximation for Pedestrian Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285210396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3177720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3177720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3177720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114948747","display_name":"Shirui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-4818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shirui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028769645","display_name":"Yi Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-428X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100343854","display_name":"Min Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-4896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025640070","display_name":"Yaonan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0519-6458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaonan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682305","display_name":"He Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114948747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2226,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80124656,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impartiality","display_name":"Impartiality","score":0.8367785811424255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiable-function","display_name":"Differentiable function","score":0.7651025056838989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6658554077148438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5693759322166443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5335733294487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4368254542350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4098372459411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.40894392132759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.343484103679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1453377902507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.111724853515625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780564088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3149193","display_name":"Impartiality","level":2,"score":0.8367785811424255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202615002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783507","display_name":"Differentiable function","level":2,"score":0.7651025056838989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6658554077148438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5693759322166443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5335733294487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4368254542350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4098372459411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.40894392132759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.343484103679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1453377902507782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.111724853515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3177720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3177720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1259047040","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62073126","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3261378140","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020JJ2008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3839785447","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022WK2011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1987716715","https://openalex.org/W2090839732","https://openalex.org/W2156547346","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2594507094","https://openalex.org/W2604262106","https://openalex.org/W2608461606","https://openalex.org/W2743905801","https://openalex.org/W2775890136","https://openalex.org/W2792824754","https://openalex.org/W2883363148","https://openalex.org/W2894820835","https://openalex.org/W2949736877","https://openalex.org/W2962677013","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963681621","https://openalex.org/W2963769056","https://openalex.org/W2964080601","https://openalex.org/W2964121718","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2974603289","https://openalex.org/W2995649684","https://openalex.org/W2995696070","https://openalex.org/W2997344726","https://openalex.org/W2998508940","https://openalex.org/W3001652308","https://openalex.org/W3007827672","https://openalex.org/W3009184501","https://openalex.org/W3034638324","https://openalex.org/W3035323039","https://openalex.org/W3036401722","https://openalex.org/W3093870111","https://openalex.org/W3097975205","https://openalex.org/W3106753828","https://openalex.org/W3108815824","https://openalex.org/W3127553939","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3135934332","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3203596689","https://openalex.org/W3216734043","https://openalex.org/W4205276794","https://openalex.org/W4206441333","https://openalex.org/W4225378010","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6637568146","https://openalex.org/W6743428213","https://openalex.org/W6750697433","https://openalex.org/W6752515464","https://openalex.org/W6762619590","https://openalex.org/W6764322716","https://openalex.org/W6768685036","https://openalex.org/W6772167297","https://openalex.org/W6784094891","https://openalex.org/W6790273669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352632308","https://openalex.org/W4236572506","https://openalex.org/W4232310950","https://openalex.org/W4378530707","https://openalex.org/W2464905036","https://openalex.org/W2311537767","https://openalex.org/W4389334483","https://openalex.org/W2486917440","https://openalex.org/W2372368947","https://openalex.org/W4390629902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pedestrian":[0],"detection":[1,61,102],"is":[2,11,71,120,127],"a":[3,22,28,55,63,107],"challenging":[4],"task":[5],"in":[6,62,163],"practical":[7,65],"scenarios.":[8],"Data":[9],"augmentation":[10,25,50,57,113,136],"an":[12,45,68],"effective":[13],"way":[14],"to":[15,73,84,110,129],"deal":[16,30],"with":[17],"this":[18,41,173],"problem,":[19,42],"but":[20],"designing":[21],"suitable":[23,56],"data":[24,49],"policy":[26,58,114,137],"requires":[27],"great":[29],"of":[31,37,77,100,147,154],"manual":[32],"experience":[33],"and":[34,95,149],"multiple":[35],"adjustments":[36],"parameters.":[38,115],"To":[39],"address":[40],"we":[43],"propose":[44],"impartial":[46],"differentiable":[47],"automatic":[48],"(IDADA)":[51],"that":[52],"automatically":[53],"searches":[54],"for":[59,88,134],"pedestrian":[60],"more":[64],"scenario.":[66],"First,":[67],"impartiality":[69,87,93],"loss":[70,94,99],"proposed":[72,156],"solve":[74],"the":[75,78,86,92,96,101,112,117,123,135,152,155,168],"bias":[76],"operations":[79],"probabilities":[80],"distribution,":[81],"so":[82],"as":[83,106],"improve":[85],"each":[89],"operation.":[90],"Second,":[91],"original":[97],"validation":[98],"model":[103],"are":[104],"combined":[105],"target":[108,118],"function":[109,119],"update":[111],"Since":[116],"not":[121],"differentiable,":[122],"finite":[124],"difference":[125],"approximation":[126],"applied":[128],"provide":[130],"accurate":[131],"gradient":[132],"estimation":[133],"optimization":[138],"process.":[139],"Comprehensive":[140],"experiments":[141],"performed":[142],"on":[143,165,172],"two":[144],"typical":[145],"datasets":[146],"CrowdHuman":[148],"CityPersons":[150],"verify":[151],"effectiveness":[153],"approach.":[157],"Specifically,":[158],"our":[159],"approach":[160],"achieves":[161],"40.99%":[162],"MR":[164],"CrowdHuman,":[166],"yielding":[167],"new":[169],"state-of-the-art":[170],"result":[171],"dataset.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
