{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4282045323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3176901","title":"A Lightweight NMS-Free Framework for Real-Time Visual Fault Detection System of Freight Trains","display_name":"A Lightweight NMS-Free Framework for Real-Time Visual Fault Detection System of Freight Trains","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4282045323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3176901"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3176901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3176901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.12458","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071335561","display_name":"Guodong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6756-7007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guodong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6756-7007","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060735530","display_name":"Zhou Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-2757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-2757","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008249097","display_name":"Huilin Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-4246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huilin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-4246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100771310","display_name":"Bo Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7362-1607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7362-1607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049689785","display_name":"Ye Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4927-8367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4927-8367","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354683","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-4798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-4798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.783,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6709578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9545000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7563758492469788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6569117307662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.6326333284378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5944861769676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5819804668426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/train","display_name":"Train","score":0.5782565474510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5458481907844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5387365221977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5355859398841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-detection","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","score":0.5175430178642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5083572268486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.49422791600227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.4799776077270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42823225259780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4133793115615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37788522243499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2669852375984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.23646646738052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12764579057693481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7563758492469788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6569117307662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.6326333284378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5944861769676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5819804668426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.5782565474510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5458481907844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5387365221977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5355859398841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.5175430178642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5083572268486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49422791600227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4799776077270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42823225259780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4133793115615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37788522243499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2669852375984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.23646646738052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12764579057693481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3176901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3176901","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.12458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.12458","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.12458","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2205.12458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.12458","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.12458","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7385807675","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51775177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7827376556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XJ2021003801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321604","funder_display_name":"Hubei University of Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321604","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2191848209","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2504335775","https://openalex.org/W2538776421","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2592939477","https://openalex.org/W2630837129","https://openalex.org/W2789305678","https://openalex.org/W2803409495","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2890591570","https://openalex.org/W2908510526","https://openalex.org/W2915318524","https://openalex.org/W2950094539","https://openalex.org/W2955425717","https://openalex.org/W2962766617","https://openalex.org/W2963323244","https://openalex.org/W2963342610","https://openalex.org/W2963918968","https://openalex.org/W2964093967","https://openalex.org/W2970987838","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W2986095360","https://openalex.org/W2986357608","https://openalex.org/W2989676862","https://openalex.org/W2990141084","https://openalex.org/W2990493316","https://openalex.org/W2990607811","https://openalex.org/W3011799887","https://openalex.org/W3012573144","https://openalex.org/W3034427487","https://openalex.org/W3034429256","https://openalex.org/W3035414587","https://openalex.org/W3035985016","https://openalex.org/W3042011474","https://openalex.org/W3088129854","https://openalex.org/W3092462694","https://openalex.org/W3102710196","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3107867277","https://openalex.org/W3127075416","https://openalex.org/W3127610005","https://openalex.org/W3128247733","https://openalex.org/W3172087149","https://openalex.org/W3172752666","https://openalex.org/W3179092682","https://openalex.org/W3179888767","https://openalex.org/W3184439416","https://openalex.org/W3194662152","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4394657967","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6695314431","https://openalex.org/W6739696289","https://openalex.org/W6749810415","https://openalex.org/W6750227808","https://openalex.org/W6757817989","https://openalex.org/W6760424586","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6779586474","https://openalex.org/W6784094891","https://openalex.org/W6796874202","https://openalex.org/W6798838024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W4382618745","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1001352512","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W1973775000","https://openalex.org/W2048400852","https://openalex.org/W2348780717"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Real-time":[0],"vision-based":[1,21],"system":[2],"of":[3,14,107,158],"fault":[4,78,85],"detection":[5,61,79,86,122],"(RVBS-FD)":[6],"for":[7,72,100],"freight":[8],"trains":[9],"is":[10,36],"an":[11],"essential":[12],"part":[13],"ensuring":[15],"railway":[16],"transportation":[17],"safety.":[18],"Most":[19],"existing":[20],"methods":[22],"still":[23],"have":[24],"high":[25,63],"computational":[26,34],"costs":[27,119],"based":[28],"on":[29],"convolutional":[30],"neural":[31],"networks.":[32],"The":[33],"cost":[35],"mainly":[37],"reflected":[38],"in":[39,120],"the":[40,121,150,154,164],"backbone,":[41],"neck,":[42],"and":[43,62,75,97,103,117,146,166],"post-processing,":[44],"i.e.,":[45],"non-maximum":[46],"suppression":[47],"(NMS).":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,67,110],"propose":[53],"a":[54,69,77,142],"lightweight":[55,70],"NMS-free":[56],"framework":[57,133],"to":[58,81,124],"achieve":[59],"real-time":[60],"accuracy":[64,148],"simultaneously.":[65],"First,":[66],"use":[68],"backbone":[71],"feature":[73,101],"extraction":[74],"design":[76],"pyramid":[80,87],"process":[82],"features.":[83],"This":[84],"includes":[88],"three":[89],"novel":[90],"individual":[91],"modules":[92],"using":[93,108],"attention":[94],"mechanism,":[95],"bottleneck,":[96],"dilated":[98],"convolution":[99],"enhancement":[102],"computation":[104],"reduction.":[105],"Instead":[106],"NMS,":[109],"calculate":[111],"different":[112],"loss":[113],"functions,":[114],"including":[115],"classification":[116],"location":[118],"head,":[123],"further":[125],"reduce":[126],"computation.":[127],"Experimental":[128],"results":[129],"show":[130],"that":[131],"our":[132,159],"achieves":[134],"over":[135],"83":[136],"frames":[137],"per":[138],"second":[139],"speed":[140],"with":[141],"smaller":[143],"model":[144],"size":[145],"higher":[147],"than":[149],"state-of-the-art":[151],"detectors.":[152],"Meanwhile,":[153],"hardware":[155],"resource":[156],"requirements":[157],"method":[160],"are":[161],"low":[162],"during":[163],"training":[165],"testing":[167],"process.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2022-06-13T00:00:00"}