{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285155360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3170987","title":"A Magnetic Field Imaging System Based on TMR Sensors for Banknote Recognition","display_name":"A Magnetic Field Imaging System Based on TMR Sensors for Banknote Recognition","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285155360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3170987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3170987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3170987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101652407","display_name":"Liqian Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liqian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013932456","display_name":"Jingen Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9289-5013"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingen Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087435573","display_name":"Jiaming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2829-9190"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083096175","display_name":"Ruohao Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1932-8762"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruohao Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082726091","display_name":"Mengmeng Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-2624"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengmeng Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004623748","display_name":"Dan Xian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0723-3571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Xian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031072273","display_name":"Qi Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9534-1136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101755188","display_name":"Chenying Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1654-1894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100637055","display_name":"Zhiguang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7045-5308"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033373769","display_name":"Zhuangde Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-2653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuangde Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of High-End Manufacturing Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China and the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058668010","display_name":"Zhongqiang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7534-0427"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongqiang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100347797","display_name":"Ming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6310-948X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101652407"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6113,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66977085,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14319","display_name":"Currency Recognition and Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14319","display_name":"Currency Recognition and Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.9337000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/banknote","display_name":"Banknote","score":0.7159533500671387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.5923126935958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3910859227180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.332050621509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31342798471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16452917456626892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779681140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47433","display_name":"Banknote","level":2,"score":0.7159533500671387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.5923126935958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3910859227180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.332050621509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31342798471450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16452917456626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3170987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3170987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1244457478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"xzy012020003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2156795094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B14040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3097769801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JQ-051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6019013409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62131017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7119044575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101423","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7491884216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB3201800","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7546217851","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101424","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8127424353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071374","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607516612","https://openalex.org/W1973777456","https://openalex.org/W1979047002","https://openalex.org/W1984172316","https://openalex.org/W1986975634","https://openalex.org/W1989501138","https://openalex.org/W1996216682","https://openalex.org/W2007512550","https://openalex.org/W2015006209","https://openalex.org/W2017458325","https://openalex.org/W2020108595","https://openalex.org/W2025264565","https://openalex.org/W2036547226","https://openalex.org/W2070896773","https://openalex.org/W2073502776","https://openalex.org/W2074918043","https://openalex.org/W2079110872","https://openalex.org/W2094708734","https://openalex.org/W2096445739","https://openalex.org/W2139356817","https://openalex.org/W2142407505","https://openalex.org/W2256588125","https://openalex.org/W2292588392","https://openalex.org/W2568724361","https://openalex.org/W2586283396","https://openalex.org/W2732581001","https://openalex.org/W2780083290","https://openalex.org/W2809849534","https://openalex.org/W2889711293","https://openalex.org/W2914382004","https://openalex.org/W2976078745","https://openalex.org/W3014157620","https://openalex.org/W3123715050","https://openalex.org/W4249123797","https://openalex.org/W7056050711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2759006565","https://openalex.org/W2237246496","https://openalex.org/W3125869783","https://openalex.org/W2197736702","https://openalex.org/W2970516590","https://openalex.org/W2027208990","https://openalex.org/W4389034618","https://openalex.org/W2364489503","https://openalex.org/W3122086632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,95],"high":[1],"sensitivity":[2],"and":[3,20,51,82,126,148],"MEMS-compatible":[4],"process":[5],"of":[6,45,60,69,98,151],"tunneling":[7],"magnetoresistance":[8],"(TMR)":[9],"sensors":[10,37,141],"provide":[11],"great":[12],"opportunities":[13],"to":[14,38],"develop":[15],"high-resolution":[16],"magnetic":[17,29,42,61,75,103,112,121],"field":[18,30,43],"detection":[19,122,147],"imaging":[21,31],"systems.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"work,":[25],"we":[26],"designed":[27],"a":[28,110,130],"(MFI)":[32],"system":[33,137],"based":[34,138],"on":[35,86,139],"TMR":[36,140],"detect":[39],"the":[40,58,65,70,74,83,92,99,117,134],"uniaxial":[41],"components":[44],"banknotes":[46,87,101],"including":[47],"US":[48],"dollars":[49],"(USD)":[50],"Chinese":[52],"Yuan":[53],"(CNY),":[54],"which":[55],"clearly":[56],"reveals":[57],"distribution":[59],"anti-counterfeiting":[62,113],"markers":[63],"inside":[64],"banknotes.":[66,152],"Measurement":[67],"results":[68,97],"USD":[71],"show":[72],"that":[73],"ink":[76,105],"signal":[77],"is":[78],"around":[79],"\u03bcT":[80],"level,":[81],"person":[84],"portraits":[85],"can":[88],"be":[89],"revealed":[90],"by":[91],"sensor":[93],"signals.":[94],"testing":[96],"CNY":[100],"indicate":[102],"color-shifting":[104],"images,":[106],"as":[107,109],"well":[108],"clear":[111],"thread.":[114],"Different":[115],"from":[116],"traditional":[118],"optical":[119],"detection,":[120],"provides":[123],"unique":[124],"signals":[125],"identification":[127,150],"methods.":[128],"With":[129],"satisfactory":[131],"recognition":[132],"rate,":[133],"proposed":[135],"MFI":[136],"demonstrates":[142],"its":[143],"promising":[144],"potential":[145],"forgery":[146],"denomination":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}