{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226005233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3164167","title":"Entropy-Based Thunderstorm Imaging System With Real-Time Prediction and Early Warning","display_name":"Entropy-Based Thunderstorm Imaging System With Real-Time Prediction and Early Warning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226005233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3164167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3164167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3164167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007548975","display_name":"Yang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6877-5641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center for Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Evaluation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Detection and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6877-5641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Evaluation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Detection and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006903289","display_name":"Hongyan Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-3457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyan Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center for Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Evaluation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Detection and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-3457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Evaluation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Detection and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085557669","display_name":"Xin Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7020-9905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7020-9905","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066591608","display_name":"Xinyuan Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-7010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyuan Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center for Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Evaluation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Detection and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-7010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Evaluation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Detection and Information Processing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007548975"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4498,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92842452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11757","display_name":"Seismic Waves and Analysis","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warning-system","display_name":"Warning system","score":0.5704507231712341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5334370732307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thunderstorm","display_name":"Thunderstorm","score":0.5325357913970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4957469403743744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42041414976119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32722580432891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.23437482118606567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16105180978775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14307457208633423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.5704507231712341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5334370732307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80316258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857578","display_name":"Thunderstorm","level":2,"score":0.5325357913970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4957469403743744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42041414976119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32722580432891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.23437482118606567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16105180978775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14307457208633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3164167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2022.3164167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1502059378","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1953829829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFE0105500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539326521","https://openalex.org/W1964151603","https://openalex.org/W2004003681","https://openalex.org/W2025320608","https://openalex.org/W2061007442","https://openalex.org/W2102194724","https://openalex.org/W2109067379","https://openalex.org/W2122156057","https://openalex.org/W2127447759","https://openalex.org/W2176888223","https://openalex.org/W2335419195","https://openalex.org/W2349216651","https://openalex.org/W2353265536","https://openalex.org/W2779640815","https://openalex.org/W2904474598","https://openalex.org/W2948248634","https://openalex.org/W2948922465","https://openalex.org/W2984597037","https://openalex.org/W3016515831","https://openalex.org/W3093639010","https://openalex.org/W3106755813","https://openalex.org/W3127628645","https://openalex.org/W3138098462","https://openalex.org/W3139082262","https://openalex.org/W3154664959","https://openalex.org/W3155703044","https://openalex.org/W3167584742","https://openalex.org/W3173694807","https://openalex.org/W3199967408","https://openalex.org/W3206913269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3106716243","https://openalex.org/W159803705","https://openalex.org/W4389504126","https://openalex.org/W2046060027","https://openalex.org/W2389512745","https://openalex.org/W2606979613","https://openalex.org/W4251940493","https://openalex.org/W2349056412","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"combination":[1],"of":[2,68,82,89,98,127],"the":[3,7,16,56,64,69,86,96,115,124,128,134,138,144,148,161,167],"sample":[4],"entropy":[5,111],"and":[6,40,76],"artificial":[8],"intelligence":[9],"(AI)":[10],"would":[11],"hopefully":[12],"bring":[13],"progress":[14],"to":[15,62,93,132],"smart":[17],"thunderstorm":[18,27],"detection.":[19],"In":[20,49,91],"this":[21],"article,":[22],"we":[23,102],"establish":[24],"an":[25],"entropy-based":[26],"point":[28,168],"charge":[29,169],"imaging":[30,135,145],"system":[31,163],"with":[32,55,85,156],"data":[33,37,84,120,129],"clustering,":[34],"in":[35],"which":[36],"are":[38,121],"ultrareliable":[39],"have":[41],"low-latency":[42],"3-D":[43],"atmospheric":[44],"electric":[45],"field":[46],"(3DAEF)":[47],"values.":[48],"particular,":[50],"a":[51,104],"high-resolution":[52],"3DAEF":[53,105],"sensor":[54],"single-axis":[57],"rotary":[58],"vane":[59],"is":[60,73,130,150],"developed":[61],"measure":[63],"time":[65],"sequence":[66],"signal":[67,72,106],"3DAEF.":[70],"The":[71],"first":[74],"denoised":[75],"then":[77],"decomposed":[78],"into":[79],"multiple":[80,118],"groups":[81],"branch":[83,116],"same":[87],"number":[88],"samples.":[90],"order":[92],"break":[94],"through":[95],"limitations":[97],"existing":[99],"clustering":[100,137,149],"rules,":[101],"propose":[103],"reconstruction":[107],"method":[108],"based":[109],"on":[110],"intervals.":[112],"By":[113],"reconstructing":[114],"data,":[117],"time-scale":[119],"formed.":[122],"Finally,":[123],"curve":[125],"fitting":[126],"performed":[131],"realize":[133],"after":[136,147],"data.":[139],"Experimental":[140],"results":[141],"suggest":[142],"that":[143,160],"error":[146],"reduced":[151],"by":[152],"about":[153],"2.33%.":[154],"Comparisons":[155],"radar":[157],"charts":[158],"show":[159],"proposed":[162],"can":[164],"effectively":[165],"image":[166],"moving":[170],"paths.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-04T08:30:34.212998","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}