{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217675500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3129513","title":"Electrical Characterization Under Harsh Environment of DC\u2013DC Converters Used in Diagnostic Systems","display_name":"Electrical Characterization Under Harsh Environment of DC\u2013DC Converters Used in Diagnostic Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217675500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3129513","mag":"3217675500"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3129513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3129513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052137039","display_name":"Gabriele Patrizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6661-6754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Patrizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6661-6754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107410257","display_name":"Marcantonio Catelani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-9724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcantonio Catelani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-9724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086840768","display_name":"Lorenzo Ciani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-6656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Ciani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-6656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083694119","display_name":"Alessandro Bartolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-0478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Bartolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-0478","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056195247","display_name":"Fabio Corti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-0388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Corti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-0388","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021219850","display_name":"Francesco Grasso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-2091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Grasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-2091","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027205013","display_name":"Alberto Reatti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-6568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Reatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-6568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4752,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82259239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6213951110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.5891862511634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.4998300075531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offshore-wind-power","display_name":"Offshore wind power","score":0.4640364646911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.43185490369796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-converter","display_name":"Forward converter","score":0.4226677715778351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4162735342979431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4036377966403961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.382446825504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3630259037017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boost-converter","display_name":"Boost converter","score":0.35154974460601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.3423662781715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.33468714356422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.26860517263412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1627870798110962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6213951110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.5891862511634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.4998300075531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8735168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61637704","display_name":"Offshore wind power","level":3,"score":0.4640364646911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.43185490369796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55118286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634739","display_name":"Forward converter","level":4,"score":0.4226677715778351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4162735342979431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4036377966403961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.382446825504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3630259037017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760134","display_name":"Boost converter","level":3,"score":0.35154974460601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.3423662781715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.33468714356422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26860517263412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1627870798110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3129513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3129513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1248889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1248889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531720497","https://openalex.org/W1579468614","https://openalex.org/W1901784272","https://openalex.org/W1978821660","https://openalex.org/W2011575272","https://openalex.org/W2130451382","https://openalex.org/W2560492545","https://openalex.org/W2600746312","https://openalex.org/W2670969990","https://openalex.org/W2785677811","https://openalex.org/W2791973390","https://openalex.org/W2809112303","https://openalex.org/W2914082395","https://openalex.org/W2919429032","https://openalex.org/W2962797037","https://openalex.org/W2973056524","https://openalex.org/W2984620040","https://openalex.org/W2987470051","https://openalex.org/W3000962958","https://openalex.org/W3006510654","https://openalex.org/W3033043658","https://openalex.org/W3038138452","https://openalex.org/W3040195844","https://openalex.org/W3091575862","https://openalex.org/W3111725142","https://openalex.org/W3116979932","https://openalex.org/W3130771894","https://openalex.org/W3141155221","https://openalex.org/W3191225604","https://openalex.org/W4253536239","https://openalex.org/W4384282280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2769993532","https://openalex.org/W3215559698","https://openalex.org/W4308474206","https://openalex.org/W2116776620","https://openalex.org/W2052153694","https://openalex.org/W2347414769","https://openalex.org/W2170955157","https://openalex.org/W206242967","https://openalex.org/W4285188487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"several":[1],"applications":[2],"(e.g.,":[3],"industrial":[4,115],"plants,":[5,11],"energy":[6],"production":[7],"systems,":[8],"pipelines,":[9],"offshore":[10],"wind":[12],"turbines,":[13],"etc),":[14],"the":[15,35,54,59,98,127,135,144,148,151,207,210,227,233,237,244,247,258],"DC&#x2013;DC":[16,55,104,165,188],"converter":[17,36,105,118,189,212],"must":[18],"endure":[19],"harsh":[20,62,179,261],"environmental":[21],"and":[22,31,40,93,147,170,186,223],"operating":[23,63,196],"conditions.":[24],"Stress":[25],"as":[26],"temperature,":[27,88,90],"humidity,":[28,92],"mechanical":[29],"shocks,":[30],"vibrations":[32],"deeply":[33],"affect":[34],"from":[37],"both":[38],"performance":[39],"reliability":[41,79],"points":[42],"of":[43,53,61,101,114,134,150,162,175,209,215,226,239,249,260],"view.":[44],"However,":[45],"recent":[46],"literature":[47],"misses":[48],"to":[49,70,96,142,167,182,243],"consider":[50],"a":[51,77,160,184],"characterization":[52,177],"convert":[56],"performances":[57,100],"in":[58,107,120,132,140,194,213,232,246,257],"presence":[60,259],"environment":[64],"with":[65,241],"considerable":[66],"stress":[67,80],"levels.":[68],"Trying":[69],"solve":[71],"these":[72],"needs,":[73],"this":[74,121,176],"article":[75],"presents":[76],"customized":[78,164],"screening":[81],"(RSS)":[82],"test":[83,154],"plan":[84,155],"that":[85,190,236],"includes":[86],"high":[87,91],"low":[89],"wideband":[94],"vibration":[95],"characterize":[97],"electrical":[99],"an":[102],"innovative":[103],"used":[106],"diagnostic":[108],"systems":[109],"for":[110],"condition":[111],"monitoring":[112],"(CM)":[113],"plants.":[116],"The":[117,153,173,203],"presented":[119],"work":[122],"has":[123,156],"been":[124,157],"driven":[125],"using":[126],"pulse":[128],"skipping":[129],"modulation":[130,138],"(PSM)":[131],"spite":[133],"well-known":[136],"pulsewidth":[137],"(PWM)":[139],"order":[141],"increase":[143],"conversion":[145],"efficiency":[146],"autonomy":[149],"node.":[152],"performed":[158],"on":[159],"set":[161],"eight":[163],"converters":[166],"ensure":[168],"significant":[169],"reliable":[171,187],"results.":[172],"aim":[174],"under":[178],"environments":[180,197],"is":[181,235],"propose":[183],"robust":[185],"could":[191],"be":[192],"installed":[193],"different":[195],"ensuring":[198],"its":[199],"proper":[200],"expected":[201],"performances.":[202],"measurement":[204],"results":[205,230],"highlight":[206],"stability":[208],"proposed":[211],"terms":[214],"efficiency,":[216],"input":[217],"ripple,":[218,220],"output":[219],"step":[221],"response,":[222],"reliability.":[224],"One":[225],"most":[228],"striking":[229],"highlighted":[231],"manuscript":[234],"benefits":[238],"PSM":[240],"respect":[242],"PWM":[245],"case":[248],"light":[250],"load":[251],"conditions":[252],"are":[253],"even":[254],"more":[255],"remarkable":[256],"environment.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
