{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200047621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3111979","title":"A Novel Application of the Cross-Capacitive Sensor in Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Transformer Oil","display_name":"A Novel Application of the Cross-Capacitive Sensor in Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Transformer Oil","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200047621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3111979","mag":"3200047621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3111979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3111979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102924318","display_name":"Obaidur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9235-9015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59475050","display_name":"Jamia Millia Islamia","ror":"https://ror.org/00pnhhv55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Obaidur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India and Elec. Engg. JMI, New Delhi-110025"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India and Elec. Engg. JMI, New Delhi-110025","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067278813","display_name":"Tarikul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1901-239X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59475050","display_name":"Jamia Millia Islamia","ror":"https://ror.org/00pnhhv55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarikul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088665775","display_name":"Neeraj Khera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-422X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59475050","display_name":"Jamia Millia Islamia","ror":"https://ror.org/00pnhhv55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeraj Khera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication, Amity University, Noida, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication, Amity University, Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021940430","display_name":"Shakeb A. Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8242-5154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59475050","display_name":"Jamia Millia Islamia","ror":"https://ror.org/00pnhhv55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shakeb A. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102924318"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59475050"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6431,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93643154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-sensing","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","score":0.7537015080451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.7180847525596619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer-oil","display_name":"Transformer oil","score":0.6923416256904602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture","display_name":"Moisture","score":0.6691194772720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.6232537031173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6190494298934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lcr-meter","display_name":"LCR meter","score":0.5041307210922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4845682680606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.4107343554496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.38489046692848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.3733832836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.3530419170856476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.263038694858551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.15118008852005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13837864995002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatography","display_name":"Chromatography","score":0.09765160083770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.0774926245212555}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.7537015080451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.7180847525596619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901418","display_name":"Transformer oil","level":4,"score":0.6923416256904602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.6691194772720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.6232537031173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6190494298934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55592779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4198687","display_name":"LCR meter","level":4,"score":0.5041307210922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4845682680606842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.4107343554496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.38489046692848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3733832836151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.3530419170856476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.263038694858551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15118008852005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13837864995002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.09765160083770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0774926245212555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3111979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3111979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973709251","https://openalex.org/W1977958861","https://openalex.org/W2005036756","https://openalex.org/W2029030751","https://openalex.org/W2043649986","https://openalex.org/W2059787157","https://openalex.org/W2089546912","https://openalex.org/W2090296656","https://openalex.org/W2103891923","https://openalex.org/W2119499934","https://openalex.org/W2127018717","https://openalex.org/W2130292923","https://openalex.org/W2131574968","https://openalex.org/W2142928417","https://openalex.org/W2143128254","https://openalex.org/W2145212809","https://openalex.org/W2152370327","https://openalex.org/W2154813973","https://openalex.org/W2163581411","https://openalex.org/W2511017479","https://openalex.org/W2565531874","https://openalex.org/W2608946692","https://openalex.org/W2743632650","https://openalex.org/W2774012990","https://openalex.org/W2884825664","https://openalex.org/W2886844660","https://openalex.org/W2913077483","https://openalex.org/W2914682317","https://openalex.org/W2977020248","https://openalex.org/W3000681817","https://openalex.org/W3008076136","https://openalex.org/W3015294511","https://openalex.org/W3095280980","https://openalex.org/W3112554328","https://openalex.org/W3113019629","https://openalex.org/W3119446526","https://openalex.org/W3142975648","https://openalex.org/W4232815361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2811130265","https://openalex.org/W2185921386","https://openalex.org/W2808123004","https://openalex.org/W2042017821","https://openalex.org/W4304208122","https://openalex.org/W2323511008","https://openalex.org/W567625730","https://openalex.org/W349059884","https://openalex.org/W2033762693","https://openalex.org/W3000681817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,59],"presents":[2],"the":[3,26,29,37,55,91,158,163,169,192,206,210,221,224],"novel":[4],"application":[5],"of":[6,14,19,28,39,57,69,110,130,157,187,191,209,223,241],"a":[7,151,184],"cross-capacitive":[8],"sensor":[9,86,100,123,159,193,237],"for":[10,61,198,201,220],"monitoring":[11],"insulation":[12],"degradation":[13,56],"transformer":[15,63,145],"oil.":[16],"The":[17,44,99,122,154,189,216,236],"condition":[18],"insulating":[20,62,136],"oil":[21,75,137,226],"is":[22,71,87,101,166,194,212,239],"determined":[23],"by":[24,95,118,150,179],"measuring":[25],"variation":[27],"moisture":[30,45,70,227],"content":[31],"and":[32,46,83,97,107,132,146,168,205,228,233],"furfural":[33],"(2-FAL)":[34],"concentration":[35,68],"in":[36,74,79,134,143],"range":[38],"0":[40],"to":[41,54,162,214],"60":[42],"ppm.":[43],"2-FAL":[47,133,229],"are":[48,116,140,148,231],"two":[49],"important":[50],"by-products":[51],"formed":[52],"due":[53],"cellulose":[58],"used":[60,142],"winding.":[64],"In":[65],"addition,":[66],"small":[67,120],"always":[72],"trapped":[73],"as":[76,78],"well":[77],"paper.":[80],"An":[81],"accurate":[82],"precise":[84,196],"capacitive":[85],"developed":[88,102],"that":[89,115,139],"uses":[90],"crosscapacitive":[92],"structure":[93],"proposed":[94],"Thomson":[96],"Lampard.":[98],"using":[103],"bulk":[104],"brass":[105,113],"material":[106],"it":[108],"consists":[109],"four":[111,135],"identical":[112],"electrodes":[114],"separated":[117],"very":[119],"gaps.":[121],"has":[124],"been":[125],"tested":[126],"at":[127],"different":[128],"concentrations":[129,230],"moisture,":[131],"samples":[138],"commonly":[141],"power":[144],"results":[147],"compared":[149],"reference":[152],"meter.":[153],"maximum":[155,185,207,217],"accuracy":[156],"with":[160],"respect":[161],"commercial":[164],"meter":[165],"0.77%":[167],"air":[170],"cross":[171],"capacitance":[172,177],"value":[173,178],"differs":[174],"calculated":[175],"absolute":[176],"3%.The":[180],"calibrated":[181],"response":[182,211,238],"shows":[183],"error":[186],"2%.":[188,215],"output":[190],"highly":[195],"(\u00b10.0026%":[197],"moisture,\u00b10.0028":[199],"%":[200],"2-FAL),":[202],"fast,":[203],"driftfree":[204],"nonlinearity":[208],"close":[213],"standard":[218],"deviations":[219],"measurement":[222],"mineral":[225],"0.025":[232],"0.023":[234],"respectively.":[235],"independent":[240],"temperature":[242],"variation.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}