{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3198577912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3109736","title":"An Improved Air-Core Coil Sensor With a Fast Switch and Differential Structure for Prepolarization Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","display_name":"An Improved Air-Core Coil Sensor With a Fast Switch and Differential Structure for Prepolarization Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3198577912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3109736","mag":"3198577912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3109736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3109736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100738200","display_name":"Tingting Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-2311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tingting Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China. (e-mail: ttlin@jlu.edu.cn)","[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China. (e-mail: ttlin@jlu.edu.cn)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079930563","display_name":"Kun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0088-2173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408343","display_name":"Chao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2855-7500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354752","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-0068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China, and with the College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100738200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7638,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92450945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12603","display_name":"NMR spectroscopy and applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12603","display_name":"NMR spectroscopy and applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.7425210475921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.6137921214103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.49216407537460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4656344950199127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4511250853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.4226975440979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.4179905354976654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4063686430454254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.40239417552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34125959873199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25610601902008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24500387907028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19434720277786255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.7425210475921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6137921214103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.49216407537460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4656344950199127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4511250853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.4226975440979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4179905354976654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4063686430454254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.40239417552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34125959873199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25610601902008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24500387907028198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19434720277786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3109736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3109736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2054058708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61903151","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3225379637","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41874209","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G678406952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101832020DJX066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322300","funder_display_name":"Jilin University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322300","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497602560","https://openalex.org/W1971654970","https://openalex.org/W2010196253","https://openalex.org/W2019514944","https://openalex.org/W2023631464","https://openalex.org/W2030004709","https://openalex.org/W2038145696","https://openalex.org/W2047586043","https://openalex.org/W2051993004","https://openalex.org/W2055103535","https://openalex.org/W2070228806","https://openalex.org/W2100819670","https://openalex.org/W2120068701","https://openalex.org/W2120386936","https://openalex.org/W2138131075","https://openalex.org/W2156990695","https://openalex.org/W2339827759","https://openalex.org/W2678221526","https://openalex.org/W2687165237","https://openalex.org/W2752430280","https://openalex.org/W2765672481","https://openalex.org/W2768535675","https://openalex.org/W2797629171","https://openalex.org/W2905342876","https://openalex.org/W2914115895","https://openalex.org/W2941061044","https://openalex.org/W2973950201","https://openalex.org/W3022500564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2387913980","https://openalex.org/W1975610155","https://openalex.org/W4237158276","https://openalex.org/W3100052852","https://openalex.org/W2969326237","https://openalex.org/W3036340821","https://openalex.org/W3006431574","https://openalex.org/W2542214344","https://openalex.org/W2056841798","https://openalex.org/W1546160483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surface":[0],"nuclear":[1],"magnetic":[2,244],"resonance":[3,245],"(SNMR)":[4],"technology":[5,144,246],"based":[6,116,141],"on":[7,117,142],"a":[8,12,29,55,62,112,118,125,131,138,217],"prepolarization":[9,30,97,242],"field":[10,243],"is":[11,41,192],"new":[13,169,205],"geophysical":[14],"method":[15,90],"that":[16,184,198],"offers":[17],"higher":[18],"resolution":[19],"for":[20,238],"detecting":[21],"shallow":[22],"groundwater":[23],"than":[24,162,197],"traditional":[25,56,201,222],"SNMR.":[26],"However,":[27],"when":[28],"SNMR":[31,98],"system":[32,60],"works":[33],"in":[34,99,175,216,247],"noisy":[35,218],"environments":[36],"(such":[37],"as":[38],"cities),":[39],"it":[40],"difficult":[42],"to":[43,91,148,160],"obtain":[44],"high-quality":[45],"data":[46],"because":[47],"of":[48,96,127,133,167,194,199,241],"the":[49,76,93,109,150,155,168,176,185,200,204,221,232,239],"low":[50],"signal-to-noise":[51],"ratio":[52],"(SNR).":[53],"Moreover,":[54],"air-core":[57,86],"coil":[58,87],"sensor":[59,88,170,206,223],"has":[61,124],"relatively":[63],"large":[64],"dead":[65],"time,":[66],"which":[67,123],"can":[68,207,229],"cause":[69],"early":[70],"signal":[71,110],"loss":[72],"and":[73,107,130,154,178,190,203,234],"further":[74],"reduce":[75],"SNR.":[77],"To":[78,103],"solve":[79],"these":[80],"problems,":[81],"we":[82],"proposed":[83],"an":[84],"innovative":[85],"design":[89],"improve":[92,231],"detection":[94],"capability":[95],"complex":[100,250],"noise":[101,106,251],"space.":[102],"suppress":[104],"environmental":[105],"increase":[108],"amplitude,":[111],"passive":[113],"matching":[114],"network":[115],"differential":[119],"structure":[120],"was":[121,145,158,171],"designed,":[122],"gain":[126],"9.69":[128],"dB":[129],"bandwidth":[132],"700":[134],"Hz.":[135],"In":[136],"addition,":[137],"fast":[139],"switch":[140],"back-to-back":[143],"also":[146],"used":[147],"replace":[149],"mechanical":[151],"high-voltage":[152],"relay,":[153],"switching":[156,186],"time":[157],"reduced":[159],"less":[161],"10":[163],"\u03bcs.":[164],"The":[165,180],"effectiveness":[166],"tested":[172],"via":[173],"experiments":[174],"laboratory":[177],"field.":[179],"test":[181],"results":[182],"showed":[183],"speed":[187],"between":[188],"transmitting":[189],"receiving":[191],"thousands":[193],"times":[195],"faster":[196],"sensor,":[202],"still":[208],"detect":[209],"effective":[210],"free":[211],"induction":[212],"decay":[213],"(FID)":[214],"signals":[215],"environment":[219],"where":[220],"completely":[224],"fails.":[225],"Therefore,":[226],"this":[227],"research":[228],"effectively":[230],"SNR":[233],"provide":[235],"strong":[236],"support":[237],"application":[240],"areas":[248],"with":[249],"environments.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}