{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3192075554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3097406","title":"The Optimization and Stabilization of Pump Light Frequency in the Minimized Atomic Magnetometer","display_name":"The Optimization and Stabilization of Pump Light Frequency in the Minimized Atomic Magnetometer","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3192075554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3097406","mag":"3192075554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3097406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3097406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731043","display_name":"Yuchen Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2893-3286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2893-3286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055139369","display_name":"Zhanchao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-9217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanchao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-9217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043514020","display_name":"Zhen Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-7095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-7095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012246499","display_name":"Xiaoyang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6009-5791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6009-5791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006505739","display_name":"Wenfeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-710X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenfeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-710X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86482112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetometer","display_name":"Magnetometer","score":0.7644776701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.6622365117073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-pumping","display_name":"Optical pumping","score":0.5598310828208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","score":0.5368196964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5094884037971497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperfine-structure","display_name":"Hyperfine structure","score":0.48673275113105774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.4769422113895416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-physics","display_name":"Atomic physics","score":0.4460688829421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-response","display_name":"Frequency response","score":0.4276663064956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.39320117235183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2689254879951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.16392913460731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.07327494025230408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07063087821006775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.7644776701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.6622365117073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148651041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027473","display_name":"Optical pumping","level":3,"score":0.5598310828208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.5368196964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5094884037971497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131538251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413102","display_name":"Hyperfine structure","level":2,"score":0.48673275113105774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.4769422113895416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.4460688829421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8590192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054694","display_name":"Frequency response","level":2,"score":0.4276663064956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.39320117235183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2689254879951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.16392913460731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.07327494025230408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07063087821006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3097406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3097406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2478299693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5828261577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61421063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8452368364","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB2002404","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321125","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124786978","https://openalex.org/W1504001840","https://openalex.org/W1582117971","https://openalex.org/W1968004110","https://openalex.org/W1968902520","https://openalex.org/W1986351873","https://openalex.org/W1995476817","https://openalex.org/W2006792408","https://openalex.org/W2062158461","https://openalex.org/W2468918315","https://openalex.org/W2588017799","https://openalex.org/W2613569249","https://openalex.org/W2766250057","https://openalex.org/W2790124308","https://openalex.org/W2885093294","https://openalex.org/W2888244916","https://openalex.org/W2889139649","https://openalex.org/W2912544607","https://openalex.org/W2915901786","https://openalex.org/W2938135618","https://openalex.org/W2943956511","https://openalex.org/W2946928880","https://openalex.org/W2947467960","https://openalex.org/W2950253333","https://openalex.org/W2984246128","https://openalex.org/W2997200188","https://openalex.org/W2999404658","https://openalex.org/W3002258949","https://openalex.org/W3007062687","https://openalex.org/W3014048097","https://openalex.org/W3025060501","https://openalex.org/W3101592484","https://openalex.org/W3105290483","https://openalex.org/W3115314512","https://openalex.org/W3125078572","https://openalex.org/W3135254525","https://openalex.org/W4234184257","https://openalex.org/W6604971896","https://openalex.org/W6634875939","https://openalex.org/W6761553400","https://openalex.org/W6762632988","https://openalex.org/W6786258782","https://openalex.org/W6792280028","https://openalex.org/W7048676946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137917089","https://openalex.org/W2084689275","https://openalex.org/W2059956798","https://openalex.org/W1549017066","https://openalex.org/W3022584186","https://openalex.org/W2003029403","https://openalex.org/W2474912003","https://openalex.org/W3206221254","https://openalex.org/W2079567566","https://openalex.org/W2360855825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,36],"article,":[2],"we":[3,100,123],"found":[4,124],"an":[5],"appropriate":[6,128],"operating":[7],"frequency":[8,16,44,131,164,174],"of":[9,22,80,142,204],"pump":[10,162],"light":[11,15],"for":[12],"stabilizing":[13,37,191],"the":[14,19,23,27,42,46,59,63,74,85,88,95,102,107,113,127,130,139,143,161,173,177,180,193,202],"based":[17],"on":[18],"atomic":[20,29,206],"absorption":[21,47,89,194],"vapor":[24],"cell":[25,60,151],"in":[26,200],"minimized":[28,205],"magnetometer.":[30],"The":[31],"traditional":[32],"way":[33],"to":[34,40,82,94,105,132,138,159,190],"apply":[35],"method":[38],"is":[39,52,66,70,92,136,157,169,176,183],"stabilize":[41,160],"laser":[43,163],"at":[45,87,165,192],"peak":[48],"because":[49],"its":[50],"derivative":[51,145],"always":[53],"zero":[54,140],"and":[55,99,116],"not":[56,148],"affected":[57,149],"by":[58,111,150,185],"temperature":[61,152],"if":[62],"pressure":[64],"shift":[65],"suppressed.":[67],"However,":[68],"it":[69,118,156],"observed":[71],"experimentally":[72,119,171],"that":[73,125,172],"response":[75,109,135,181],"amplitude":[76,110,182],"has":[77],"a":[78],"drop":[79],"up":[81],"40%":[83,188],"from":[84],"maximum":[86,108,134],"peak.":[90,195],"It":[91,168],"due":[93],"hyperfine":[96],"optical":[97],"pumping,":[98],"explored":[101],"applicable":[103],"condition":[104],"obtain":[106,133],"solving":[112],"Liouville":[114],"equation":[115],"proved":[117],"as":[120,153],"well.":[121,154],"Furthermore,":[122],"under":[126],"pressure,":[129],"close":[137],"points":[141],"second-order":[144],"which":[146],"are":[147,198],"Therefore,":[155],"purposed":[158],"these":[166],"points.":[167],"demonstrated":[170],"stabilization":[175],"same,":[178],"while":[179],"increased":[184],"more":[186],"than":[187],"compared":[189],"These":[196],"results":[197],"instructive":[199],"improving":[201],"performance":[203],"magnetometers.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}