{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3131709026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3052026","title":"Human-interactive Mapping Method for Indoor Magnetic Based on Low-cost MARG Sensors","display_name":"Human-interactive Mapping Method for Indoor Magnetic Based on Low-cost MARG Sensors","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3131709026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3052026","mag":"3131709026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3052026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3052026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012765258","display_name":"Gongxu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-3241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gongxu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032888897","display_name":"Baoguo Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-7519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100278","display_name":"Beijing Satellite Navigation Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0188rvx33","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoguo Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651264","display_name":"Lu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-7399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100278","display_name":"Beijing Satellite Navigation Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0188rvx33","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","State Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006568361","display_name":"Ling\u2010Feng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-9643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingfeng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101785348","display_name":"Xinbo Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-0776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinbo Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039837634","display_name":"Lihuo He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0555-3574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihuo He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012765258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4048,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59086538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6448724865913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6446055173873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6305900812149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.50434410572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5008816719055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetometer","display_name":"Magnetometer","score":0.4637848138809204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46183180809020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4471985995769501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simultaneous-localization-and-mapping","display_name":"Simultaneous localization and mapping","score":0.440062940120697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4187927842140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.20930644869804382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18905365467071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.1741422414779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.13723033666610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10419008135795593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6448724865913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6446055173873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6305900812149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.50434410572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5008816719055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.4637848138809204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46183180809020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4471985995769501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86369673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203659","display_name":"Simultaneous localization and mapping","level":4,"score":0.440062940120697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4187927842140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.20930644869804382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18905365467071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.1741422414779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.13723033666610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10419008135795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3052026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3052026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316910","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Satellite Navigation System and Equipment Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680252513","https://openalex.org/W1973046761","https://openalex.org/W1985604452","https://openalex.org/W1986802839","https://openalex.org/W2080823437","https://openalex.org/W2122305929","https://openalex.org/W2134210795","https://openalex.org/W2461937780","https://openalex.org/W2591922966","https://openalex.org/W2751565523","https://openalex.org/W2756332284","https://openalex.org/W2760064744","https://openalex.org/W2761797119","https://openalex.org/W2769626688","https://openalex.org/W2770877176","https://openalex.org/W2793961647","https://openalex.org/W2803361295","https://openalex.org/W2895290907","https://openalex.org/W2900641332","https://openalex.org/W2901207396","https://openalex.org/W2903181657","https://openalex.org/W2906226899","https://openalex.org/W2914350983","https://openalex.org/W2953529749","https://openalex.org/W3000075736","https://openalex.org/W3022553863","https://openalex.org/W3098143411","https://openalex.org/W3124420883"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2738430442","https://openalex.org/W2107412283","https://openalex.org/W3001810256","https://openalex.org/W3215113377","https://openalex.org/W2461989308","https://openalex.org/W2161962330","https://openalex.org/W1479841647","https://openalex.org/W2734457132","https://openalex.org/W952876347","https://openalex.org/W1865242774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Indoor":[0],"magnetic":[1,6,98,135],"map":[2,13],"(IMM)":[3],"based":[4,70],"on":[5,71],"field":[7,99,136],"fluctuations":[8],"can":[9,161],"be":[10],"used":[11],"in":[12,132],"assisted":[14],"indoor":[15],"positioning":[16],"and":[17,28,34,45,58,62,76,97,112,130,176,201,210],"navigation,":[18],"etc.":[19],"However,":[20],"many":[21],"IMM":[22,48,69,85,218],"mapping":[23,49,59,66,168,174,178,195,203,219],"solutions":[24],"are":[25,191],"time-consuming,":[26],"labor-intensive,":[27],"high-cost,":[29],"which":[30,118,180],"limit":[31],"the":[32,40,53,72,87,104,124,147,150,158,165,188,194,202,211,214],"development":[33],"application":[35],"of":[36,42,47,55,68,94,106,127,143,149,167,213,217],"IMM.":[37],"To":[38],"solve":[39],"issues":[41],"accuracy,":[43],"efficiency,":[44],"cost":[46,212],"collaboratively,":[50],"we":[51,83,102,139],"absorbed":[52],"idea":[54],"simultaneous":[56],"localization":[57],"(SLAM)":[60],"method,":[61],"proposed":[63,103,151,159],"a":[64,92,141],"human-interactive":[65,116],"method":[67,160],"low-cost":[73],"magnetometer,":[74],"accelerometer,":[75],"rate":[77],"gyro,":[78],"i.e.,":[79],"MARG":[80],"sensors.":[81],"First,":[82],"defined":[84],"as":[86,192],"structured":[88],"data":[89],"set":[90],"with":[91],"series":[93,142],"position":[95,128],"stamps":[96,129],"fluctuations.":[100,137],"Then,":[101],"concept":[105],"general":[107],"sensory":[108],"calibration":[109],"source":[110],"(GSCS)":[111],"related":[113],"metrics":[114],"for":[115],"activities":[117],"provide":[119],"virtual":[120],"information":[121],"to":[122,145,183],"eliminate":[123],"time-accumulated":[125],"error":[126],"assist":[131],"obtaining":[133],"stable":[134],"Finally,":[138],"conduct":[140],"experiments":[144],"verify":[146],"performance":[148],"method.":[152],"The":[153],"test":[154],"results":[155,190],"show":[156],"that":[157],"not":[162,221],"only":[163],"meet":[164],"requirements":[166],"accuracy":[169,196],"but":[170],"also":[171],"significantly":[172],"improve":[173],"efficiency":[175,204],"reduce":[177],"cost,":[179],"is":[181,197,205],"superior":[182],"other":[184],"state-of-the-art":[185],"algorithms.":[186],"Specifically,":[187],"significant":[189],"follows:":[193],"about":[198],"0.31":[199],"m,":[200],"1800":[206],"m$^2$":[207],"per":[208],"hour,":[209],"main":[215],"module":[216],"does":[220],"exceed":[222],"U.S.":[223],"$10.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}