{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4235663875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3044756","title":"An Ill-Conditioned Optimization Method and Relaxation Strategy of Landweber for EMT System Based on TMR","display_name":"An Ill-Conditioned Optimization Method and Relaxation Strategy of Landweber for EMT System Based on TMR","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4235663875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3044756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3044756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3044756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101836475","display_name":"Qi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-4808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-4808","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068680225","display_name":"Jiamin Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-6135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiamin Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-6135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406987","display_name":"Chao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-947X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-947X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071963918","display_name":"Xiao Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9127-7096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9127-7096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101836475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85457554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11205","display_name":"Numerical methods in inverse problems","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2610","display_name":"Mathematical Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.6774798631668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5613538026809692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.5468572378158569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.5068939328193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5026118755340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-radius","display_name":"Spectral radius","score":0.4936295747756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.4828948974609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.479868084192276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47269535064697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4720887839794159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condition-number","display_name":"Condition number","score":0.4481585621833801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3892286419868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3031519055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2111372947692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15084677934646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.12382158637046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.09706172347068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.0825904905796051}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6774798631668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5613538026809692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5468572378158569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.5068939328193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5026118755340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140532419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249748","display_name":"Spectral radius","level":3,"score":0.4936295747756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.4828948974609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.479868084192276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47269535064697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4720887839794159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84545080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147936","display_name":"Condition number","level":3,"score":0.4481585621833801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3892286419868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3031519055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2111372947692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15084677934646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.12382158637046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.09706172347068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0825904905796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3044756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3044756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3037246918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871366","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342545340","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61627803","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G597058620","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673291","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8987114686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19JCYBJC18600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W292488958","https://openalex.org/W1185647774","https://openalex.org/W1975826938","https://openalex.org/W1994409407","https://openalex.org/W1997127241","https://openalex.org/W2005836623","https://openalex.org/W2031433357","https://openalex.org/W2041488433","https://openalex.org/W2046470130","https://openalex.org/W2046752957","https://openalex.org/W2059846990","https://openalex.org/W2070738097","https://openalex.org/W2131100802","https://openalex.org/W2145801311","https://openalex.org/W2153791664","https://openalex.org/W2753675109","https://openalex.org/W2836448562","https://openalex.org/W2883623617","https://openalex.org/W2887017790","https://openalex.org/W2889711293","https://openalex.org/W2900767634","https://openalex.org/W3035112388","https://openalex.org/W3039969902","https://openalex.org/W4229540245","https://openalex.org/W6610410011","https://openalex.org/W6627723071"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350399343","https://openalex.org/W2383395740","https://openalex.org/W2412311587","https://openalex.org/W2189112453","https://openalex.org/W2134280096","https://openalex.org/W2389850603","https://openalex.org/W2031472999","https://openalex.org/W4234931342","https://openalex.org/W4241673800","https://openalex.org/W2107386309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,216],"sensitivity":[1,32],"distribution":[2],"of":[3,28,33,52,62,92,94,98,104,140,145,156,167,198,205,219,236],"the":[4,18,26,34,41,50,67,70,90,95,99,108,118,124,138,142,146,153,157,161,174,179,183,199,208,220,225,233],"electromagnetic":[5],"tomography":[6],"(EMT)":[7],"system":[8,23,36],"based":[9,136],"on":[10,66,137],"tunneling":[11],"magnetoresistance":[12],"(TMR)":[13],"is":[14,37,73,115,134,190,193],"quite":[15],"different":[16],"from":[17],"traditional":[19],"coil":[20],"measurement":[21],"EMT":[22],"due":[24],"to":[25,122],"change":[27],"detection":[29],"sensor.":[30],"TMRs-EMT":[35],"higher":[38,195],"only":[39],"near":[40],"TMR":[42],"sensors":[43],"but":[44],"lower":[45],"at":[46],"other":[47],"locations":[48],"in":[49,56,85,187],"region":[51],"interest,":[53],"which":[54,192],"results":[55,155],"a":[57,111,164,202,212],"more":[58],"serious":[59],"ill-conditioned":[60,68],"problem":[61,235],"image":[63],"reconstruction.":[64],"Focusing":[65],"problem,":[69],"Landweber":[71,109,120,162,200],"algorithm":[72],"optimized":[74],"by":[75],"using":[76],"an":[77,81,130],"appropriate":[78,82],"weight":[79,113],"and":[80,102],"relaxation":[83,132,165,203,227],"strategy":[84,230],"this":[86,128,188],"article.":[87],"By":[88,151],"verifying":[89],"consistency":[91],"variation":[93,103],"spectral":[96,143],"radius":[97,144],"iterative":[100,149],"matrix":[101,114],"condition":[105,125],"number":[106],"for":[107,117,182],"method,":[110],"new":[112,158,180,226],"introduced":[116],"general":[119],"method":[121,159,210],"reduce":[123],"number.":[126],"On":[127],"basis,":[129],"optimal":[131],"factor":[133,166,204,228],"determined":[135],"principle":[139],"minimizing":[141],"newly":[147],"derived":[148],"matrix.":[150],"comparing":[152],"imaging":[154,214],"with":[160,163,178,201],"1,":[168],"it":[169],"can":[170,231],"be":[171],"seen":[172],"that":[173,224],"average":[175],"correlation":[176],"coefficient":[177],"approach":[181],"five":[184],"models":[185],"used":[186],"article":[189],"0.8466,":[191],"much":[194],"than":[196],"0.7633":[197],"1.":[206],"Meanwhile,":[207],"proposed":[209],"has":[211],"faster":[213],"speed.":[215],"convergence":[217],"analysis":[218],"two":[221],"methods":[222],"shows":[223],"determination":[229],"overcome":[232],"semiconvergence":[234],"Landweber.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}