{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3088087876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3025655","title":"Ultrasensitive Open-Ended Coaxial Cable-Based Microwave Resonator Learns to Sense Impacts","display_name":"Ultrasensitive Open-Ended Coaxial Cable-Based Microwave Resonator Learns to Sense Impacts","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3088087876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3025655","mag":"3088087876"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3025655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3025655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016227748","display_name":"Chen Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3256-7330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3256-7330","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101433147","display_name":"Yizheng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-9412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075205593","display_name":"Rex E. Gerald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-1260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rex E. Gerald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-1260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028758562","display_name":"Jie Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-2910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016227748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66827694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11160","display_name":"Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.792263388633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial","display_name":"Coaxial","score":0.6237321496009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coaxial-cable","display_name":"Coaxial cable","score":0.6154131293296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.6135441064834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resonator","display_name":"Resonator","score":0.6098189353942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.5758218765258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5634211301803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.5198476910591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5021238327026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.41569432616233826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.36960235238075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3661412000656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33198991417884827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2744191288948059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.0690045952796936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.792263388633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51221625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751466","display_name":"Coaxial","level":2,"score":0.6237321496009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777663116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183389","display_name":"Coaxial cable","level":3,"score":0.6154131293296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.6135441064834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.6098189353942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5758218765258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5634211301803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.5198476910591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5021238327026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.41569432616233826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.36960235238075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3661412000656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33198991417884827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2744191288948059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0690045952796936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110925319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12855","display_name":"Cable gland","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3025655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3025655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7242920514","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-14-2-0034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1596717185","https://openalex.org/W2001266713","https://openalex.org/W2012091318","https://openalex.org/W2016741124","https://openalex.org/W2019762313","https://openalex.org/W2027047541","https://openalex.org/W2029503776","https://openalex.org/W2037686463","https://openalex.org/W2046986833","https://openalex.org/W2068187497","https://openalex.org/W2077996321","https://openalex.org/W2115340664","https://openalex.org/W2138615922","https://openalex.org/W2148813721","https://openalex.org/W2171251188","https://openalex.org/W2281618413","https://openalex.org/W2289689548","https://openalex.org/W2311764705","https://openalex.org/W2331207552","https://openalex.org/W2607059476","https://openalex.org/W2772140852","https://openalex.org/W2796933433","https://openalex.org/W2802452002","https://openalex.org/W2802666491","https://openalex.org/W2803079291","https://openalex.org/W2807564141","https://openalex.org/W2811047374","https://openalex.org/W2902842912","https://openalex.org/W2910180041","https://openalex.org/W2992886244","https://openalex.org/W3034049845","https://openalex.org/W3043118096","https://openalex.org/W3047169066","https://openalex.org/W3081248560"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384517610","https://openalex.org/W4288389100","https://openalex.org/W1902800522","https://openalex.org/W2339469482","https://openalex.org/W2393209090","https://openalex.org/W1596737411","https://openalex.org/W2360971866","https://openalex.org/W2030488171","https://openalex.org/W2910180041","https://openalex.org/W4297856978"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,42,49],"ultrasensitive":[4],"open-ended":[5],"hollow":[6],"coaxial":[7,114,123],"cable":[8,94],"resonator":[9],"(OE-HCCR)":[10],"that":[11,18,128,154,220],"was":[12],"trained":[13],"to":[14,57,96,99,141,158,183],"detect":[15],"impact":[16,213,223],"events":[17,127,214],"occurred":[19],"in":[20,130,138,196],"the":[21,32,37,46,54,70,75,79,85,90,93,102,106,110,113,122,131,135,142,149,160,164,170,174,177,184,188,191,197,204,222],"surrounding":[22,132,198],"space":[23,133],"through":[24],"machine":[25],"learning":[26],"(ML)":[27],"techniques.":[28],"First,":[29],"inspired":[30],"by":[31,63,121,148],"well-known":[33],"mass-based":[34],"accelerometer,":[35],"for":[36,211],"first":[38],"time,":[39],"we":[40,152],"propose":[41],"OE-HCCR-based":[43],"accelerometer":[44],"with":[45],"addition":[47],"of":[48,78,84,92,101,112,134,173,179,187,194,206],"inertial":[50],"mass":[51,86,107],"block":[52,87,108],"as":[53],"element":[55],"responsive":[56],"acceleration.":[58],"The":[59,81,200],"OE-HCCR":[60,136,143,165,175,189,209],"is":[61],"formed":[62],"a":[64],"metal":[65],"shorting":[66],"post":[67],"welded":[68],"at":[69,89],"RF":[71],"input":[72],"end":[73,77],"and":[74,109,145,176,190,215],"open":[76],"cable.":[80],"instantaneous":[82],"displacements":[83],"mounted":[88],"endface":[91,111],"due":[95,182],"accelerations":[97],"lead":[98],"variations":[100],"gap":[103],"distance":[104],"between":[105,169],"line,":[115],"which":[116],"can":[117],"be":[118],"accurately":[119],"metered":[120],"resonating":[124],"structure.":[125],"Impact":[126],"occur":[129],"result":[137],"vibrations":[139,180],"transmitted":[140],"system":[144,210],"thereby":[146],"measured":[147],"OE-HCCR.":[150],"Second,":[151],"demonstrated":[153],"employing":[155],"ML":[156],"algorithms":[157],"analyze":[159],"transient":[161,171],"responses":[162,172],"from":[163],"makes":[166],"unambiguous":[167],"mappings":[168],"sources":[178],"possible,":[181],"ultrahigh":[185],"sensitivity":[186],"spatial":[192],"anisotropy":[193],"matter":[195],"space.":[199],"preliminary":[201],"results":[202],"demonstrate":[203],"feasibility":[205],"using":[207],"ML-assisted":[208],"locating":[212],"recognizing":[216],"different":[217],"impactor":[218],"implements":[219],"caused":[221],"events.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}