{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040413318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3006611","title":"Adaptive Tunable <i>Q</i> Wavelet Transform-Based Emotion Identification","display_name":"Adaptive Tunable <i>Q</i> Wavelet Transform-Based Emotion Identification","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040413318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3006611","mag":"3040413318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3006611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3006611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008824968","display_name":"Smith K. Khare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8365-1092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207223250","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Jabalpur","ror":"https://ror.org/00gmd7q80","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207223250"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Smith K. Khare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communication Discipline, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Discipline, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207223250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059215546","display_name":"Varun Bajaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-1219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207223250","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Jabalpur","ror":"https://ror.org/00gmd7q80","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207223250"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Varun Bajaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communication Discipline, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communication Discipline, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207223250"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085796013","display_name":"G. R. Sinha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-4591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132516330","display_name":"Myanmar Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038smxt70","country_code":"MM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132516330"]}],"countries":["MM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. R. Sinha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Myanmar Institute of Information Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Myanmar Institute of Information Technology, Mandalay, Myanmar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132516330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008824968"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207223250"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8045,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97767981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"12","first_page":"9609","last_page":"9617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6501165628433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.6335805058479309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6232588887214661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.5657214522361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5610971450805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.511594831943512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.48680445551872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.46548572182655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.4460403621196747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radial-basis-function","display_name":"Radial basis function","score":0.43080461025238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.4211095869541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40827813744544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21508222818374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.12426367402076721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6501165628433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.6335805058479309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6232588887214661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.5657214522361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5610971450805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.511594831943512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.48680445551872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.46548572182655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.4460403621196747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98856871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1588488","display_name":"Radial basis function","level":3,"score":0.43080461025238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.4211095869541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40827813744544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21508222818374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.12426367402076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3006611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.3006611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536918374","https://openalex.org/W1596717185","https://openalex.org/W1829924905","https://openalex.org/W1967950650","https://openalex.org/W1990527621","https://openalex.org/W2035642468","https://openalex.org/W2045468728","https://openalex.org/W2047083336","https://openalex.org/W2060768609","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2095905361","https://openalex.org/W2112797878","https://openalex.org/W2128220430","https://openalex.org/W2132889650","https://openalex.org/W2150880403","https://openalex.org/W2160947254","https://openalex.org/W2339614434","https://openalex.org/W2396294141","https://openalex.org/W2464929676","https://openalex.org/W2507306959","https://openalex.org/W2523525429","https://openalex.org/W2580887161","https://openalex.org/W2605163429","https://openalex.org/W2740113900","https://openalex.org/W2749183303","https://openalex.org/W2765856398","https://openalex.org/W2776646997","https://openalex.org/W2782212446","https://openalex.org/W2785853721","https://openalex.org/W2802663007","https://openalex.org/W2806230875","https://openalex.org/W2888184955","https://openalex.org/W2891840684","https://openalex.org/W2902877680","https://openalex.org/W2903462437","https://openalex.org/W2904634292","https://openalex.org/W2922188941","https://openalex.org/W2924944963","https://openalex.org/W2941271415","https://openalex.org/W2946783148","https://openalex.org/W2952286992","https://openalex.org/W2962905870","https://openalex.org/W6712247441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085792030","https://openalex.org/W2986217657","https://openalex.org/W1588899229","https://openalex.org/W2172291505","https://openalex.org/W2023142747","https://openalex.org/W2037009764","https://openalex.org/W2501033992","https://openalex.org/W2377605153","https://openalex.org/W2088723847","https://openalex.org/W2094847008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emotion":[0,13],"is":[1,39,61,74,140,151,160],"a":[2,7,10,20,27,47,56,154,179,200],"neuronic":[3],"transient":[4],"that":[5,159],"drives":[6],"person":[8],"to":[9,42,100,122,198],"certain":[11],"action.":[12],"recognition":[14],"from":[15,35,114],"electroencephalogram":[16],"(EEG)":[17],"signals":[18,38,104],"plays":[19],"vital":[21],"role":[22],"in":[23,203],"the":[24,32,77,102,115,165,169,176,204],"development":[25,177,205],"of":[26,80,110,130,149,178,186,206],"brain-computer":[28],"interface":[29],"(BCI).":[30],"Extracting":[31],"important":[33],"information":[34],"raw":[36],"EEG":[37,103,187],"difficult":[40],"due":[41],"its":[43],"nonstationary":[44],"nature.":[45],"Fixing":[46],"factual":[48],"predefined":[49],"basis":[50,156],"function":[51,157],"for":[52,76,183],"efficient":[53,184],"decomposition":[54,181,185],"using":[55,88,168],"tunable":[57,70],"Q":[58,71],"wavelet":[59,72],"transform":[60,73],"an":[62,68,120],"arduous":[63],"task.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"article,":[67],"adaptive":[69],"proposed":[75],"automatic":[78],"selection":[79],"tuning":[81,84],"parameters.":[82],"Optimum":[83],"parameters":[85,94],"are":[86,98,117],"obtained":[87,95],"gray":[89],"wolf":[90],"optimization":[91],"(GWO).":[92],"Tuning":[93],"by":[96],"GWO":[97],"used":[99,118,193],"decompose":[101],"into":[105],"subbands":[106],"(SBs).":[107],"The":[108],"set":[109],"time-domain":[111],"features":[112],"elicited":[113],"SBs":[116],"as":[119],"input":[121],"multiclass":[123],"least-squares":[124],"support":[125],"vector":[126],"machine.":[127],"Classification":[128],"accuracy":[129,148],"four":[131],"basic":[132],"emotions,":[133],"namely,":[134],"happy,":[135],"fear,":[136],"sad,":[137],"and":[138,142],"relax,":[139],"tested":[141],"compared":[143],"with":[144,153,194],"existing":[145,166],"methods.":[146],"An":[147],"95.70%":[150],"achieved":[152],"radial":[155],"kernel":[158],"about":[161],"5%":[162],"more":[163],"than":[164],"methods":[167],"same":[170],"data":[171],"set.":[172],"This":[173,189],"article":[174],"proposes":[175],"nonparameterized":[180],"method":[182,190],"signals.":[188],"can":[191],"be":[192],"machine":[195],"learning":[196],"algorithms":[197],"take":[199],"step":[201],"forward":[202],"BCI":[207],"systems.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}