{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004656052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.2969062","title":"Fault Diagnosis of Industrial Wind Turbine Blade Bearing Using Acoustic Emission Analysis","display_name":"Fault Diagnosis of Industrial Wind Turbine Blade Bearing Using Acoustic Emission Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004656052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.2969062","mag":"3004656052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.2969062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.2969062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084419986","display_name":"Zepeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-252X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zepeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-252X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696141","display_name":"Xuefei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-3196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuefei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-3196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363496","display_name":"Long Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7877-7993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7877-7993","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084419986"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.8005,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":143,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99224267,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"9","first_page":"6630","last_page":"6639"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12086","display_name":"Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine","display_name":"Turbine","score":0.7246025800704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cepstrum","display_name":"Cepstrum","score":0.702593207359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","score":0.6884522438049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condition-monitoring","display_name":"Condition monitoring","score":0.5853999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.51758873462677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.5155189037322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5003523826599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-emission","display_name":"Acoustic emission","score":0.49371299147605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.48549655079841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.46372267603874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotational-speed","display_name":"Rotational speed","score":0.45207759737968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.42531150579452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.39086198806762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35942697525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3362607955932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16731709241867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1668703258037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.1548459231853485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.12776979804039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.12397986650466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10193488001823425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08239305019378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07177314162254333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.7246025800704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88485024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054571","display_name":"Cepstrum","level":2,"score":0.702593207359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199978012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.6884522438049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643012","display_name":"Condition monitoring","level":2,"score":0.5853999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.51758873462677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.5155189037322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5003523826599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174598085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746673","display_name":"Acoustic emission","level":2,"score":0.49371299147605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.48549655079841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.46372267603874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81063470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256787","display_name":"Rotational speed","level":2,"score":0.45207759737968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.42531150579452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.39086198806762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35942697525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3362607955932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16731709241867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1668703258037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.1548459231853485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12776979804039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.12397986650466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10193488001823425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08239305019378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07177314162254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2020.2969062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2020.2969062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/2beb1908-c612-4e9b-b869-8b43af688699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/2beb1908-c612-4e9b-b869-8b43af688699","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Liu, Z, Wang, X & Zhang, L 2020, 'Fault Diagnosis of Industrial Wind Turbine Blade Bearing using Acoustic Emission Analysis', IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement .","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5459508288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S017224/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7723655609","display_name":"Development and demonstration of methods and tools for large scale wind turbine pitch bearing condition assessment (DemoBearing)","funder_award_id":"EP/S017224/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58828176","https://openalex.org/W1587395205","https://openalex.org/W1969162792","https://openalex.org/W1984516393","https://openalex.org/W1986397312","https://openalex.org/W1996260055","https://openalex.org/W2009920316","https://openalex.org/W2030291449","https://openalex.org/W2032950115","https://openalex.org/W2042370758","https://openalex.org/W2057297644","https://openalex.org/W2070655825","https://openalex.org/W2092306015","https://openalex.org/W2100857829","https://openalex.org/W2192457479","https://openalex.org/W2204168354","https://openalex.org/W2286630851","https://openalex.org/W2345536582","https://openalex.org/W2525953702","https://openalex.org/W2563365999","https://openalex.org/W2566567412","https://openalex.org/W2583356199","https://openalex.org/W2615058343","https://openalex.org/W2804568838","https://openalex.org/W2893464634","https://openalex.org/W2955535881","https://openalex.org/W2971479067","https://openalex.org/W2988149070","https://openalex.org/W3132542735","https://openalex.org/W4252730596","https://openalex.org/W6790990752"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393097294","https://openalex.org/W1996543123","https://openalex.org/W2010761432","https://openalex.org/W2889442519","https://openalex.org/W4229074657","https://openalex.org/W2088132072","https://openalex.org/W2381188978","https://openalex.org/W2136926622","https://openalex.org/W2330092825","https://openalex.org/W4285082783"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wind":[0],"turbine":[1,17,41,99],"blade":[2,42,55,100,113],"bearings":[3,56],"are":[4,57,131],"often":[5],"operated":[6],"in":[7,25,206],"harsh":[8],"circumstances,":[9],"which":[10,227],"may":[11],"easily":[12],"be":[13,204],"damaged":[14,109],"causing":[15],"the":[16,26,46,51,65,84,88,91,128,142,174,177,186,194,198,207],"to":[18,22,76,122,159,172,183],"lose":[19],"control":[20],"and":[21,35,111,134,192,215,224],"further":[23,184],"result":[24],"reduction":[27],"of":[28,39,45,54,90],"energy":[29],"production.":[30],"However,":[31,120],"for":[32,94,117,232],"condition":[33],"monitoring":[34],"fault":[36,129,162,201],"diagnosis":[37],"(CMFD)":[38],"wind":[40,98],"bearings,":[43],"one":[44],"main":[47],"difficulties":[48],"is":[49,115,170,181,218],"that":[50,86],"rotation":[52,125],"speeds":[53],"very":[58,123,132],"slow":[59,124],"(less":[60],"than":[61],"5":[62],"r/min).":[63],"Over":[64],"past":[66],"few":[67],"years,":[68],"acoustic":[69],"emission":[70],"(AE)":[71],"analysis":[72,93,180,217],"has":[73],"been":[74],"used":[75,116,171],"carry":[77],"out":[78],"bearing":[79,114,200],"CMFD.":[80],"This":[81],"article":[82],"presents":[83],"results":[85],"reflect":[87],"potential":[89],"AE":[92,144,166],"diagnosing":[95],"a":[96,106,148,229],"slow-speed":[97,112],"bearing.":[101],"To":[102,140],"undertake":[103],"this":[104,118],"experiment,":[105],"15-year-old":[107],"naturally":[108],"industrial":[110],"study.":[119],"due":[121],"speed":[126],"conditions,":[127],"signals":[130],"weak":[133,161],"masked":[135],"by":[136,220],"heavy":[137],"noise":[138,188],"disturbances.":[139],"denoise":[141],"raw":[143,165],"signals,":[145,167],"we":[146],"propose":[147],"novel":[149],"cepstrum":[150,155],"editing":[151,156],"method,":[152],"discrete/random":[153],"separation-based":[154],"liftering":[157],"(DRS-CEL),":[158],"extract":[160],"features":[163],"from":[164,190],"where":[168],"DRS":[169],"edit":[173],"cepstrum.":[175],"Thereafter,":[176],"morphological":[178,216],"envelope":[179],"employed":[182],"filter":[185],"residual":[187],"leaked":[189],"DRS-CEL":[191,214],"demodulate":[193],"denoised":[195],"signal,":[196],"so":[197],"specific":[199],"type":[202],"can":[203],"inferred":[205],"frequency":[208],"domain.":[209],"The":[210],"diagnostic":[211],"framework":[212],"combining":[213],"validated":[219],"comparing":[221],"several":[222],"methods":[223],"related":[225],"studies,":[226],"offers":[228],"promising":[230],"solution":[231],"wind-farm":[233],"applications.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-27T09:02:27.158192","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}