{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970883078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2938438","title":"Online Measurement of Wet Gas by Modeling Frequency and Amplitude Characteristics of a Vortex Flowmeter","display_name":"Online Measurement of Wet Gas by Modeling Frequency and Amplitude Characteristics of a Vortex Flowmeter","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970883078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2938438","mag":"2970883078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2019.2938438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2938438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101927175","display_name":"Jinxia Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2786-7419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinxia Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406987","display_name":"Chao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-947X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032392966","display_name":"Hongbing Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0316-134X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbing Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367379","display_name":"Hongjun Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6941-2156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong-jun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68723261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"6","first_page":"3666","last_page":"3678"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.6487636566162109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volumetric-flow-rate","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","score":0.6015560626983643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-measurement","display_name":"Flow measurement","score":0.5899625420570374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vortex","display_name":"Vortex","score":0.5470375418663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.5373716354370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5251112580299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.45834633708000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4432457387447357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.35552358627319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.25090527534484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23913082480430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09623551368713379}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6487636566162109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.6015560626983643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16302685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15091623","display_name":"Flow measurement","level":2,"score":0.5899625420570374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.5470375418663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.5373716354370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5251112580299377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45834633708000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4432457387447357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.35552358627319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25090527534484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23913082480430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09623551368713379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tim.2019.2938438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2019.2938438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10892749","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","issn_l":"0018-9456","issn":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2144436528","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16JCQNJC03700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G240716949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51876143","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342545340","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61627803","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6236135262","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61873184","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7956777367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18JCQNJC74500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W783249208","https://openalex.org/W1642427123","https://openalex.org/W1964449809","https://openalex.org/W1967780191","https://openalex.org/W1976141142","https://openalex.org/W1976938108","https://openalex.org/W1988941584","https://openalex.org/W1994955889","https://openalex.org/W1996021349","https://openalex.org/W2000230999","https://openalex.org/W2003373060","https://openalex.org/W2021923447","https://openalex.org/W2036530334","https://openalex.org/W2037265450","https://openalex.org/W2041815698","https://openalex.org/W2042601368","https://openalex.org/W2043806271","https://openalex.org/W2045071999","https://openalex.org/W2053304060","https://openalex.org/W2066052535","https://openalex.org/W2066663553","https://openalex.org/W2078759514","https://openalex.org/W2079843102","https://openalex.org/W2081856556","https://openalex.org/W2083170793","https://openalex.org/W2115755118","https://openalex.org/W2162793705","https://openalex.org/W2327678904","https://openalex.org/W2366595451","https://openalex.org/W2793798291","https://openalex.org/W2826190779","https://openalex.org/W4302067267","https://openalex.org/W6622725643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2376126850","https://openalex.org/W2159716108","https://openalex.org/W2096655923","https://openalex.org/W2972282085","https://openalex.org/W2106183319","https://openalex.org/W2986546793","https://openalex.org/W2357641921","https://openalex.org/W2320931015","https://openalex.org/W2319364666","https://openalex.org/W2945087272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,171],"this":[1,201],"article,":[2],"an":[3],"accurate":[4,205],"online":[5],"measurement":[6,152,206],"of":[7,22,34,55,59,67,96,121,138,179,207],"gas":[8,12,151,181,208,226],"flowrate":[9,95,182,209],"in":[10,26,126,200],"wet":[11,150,225],"was":[13,79,90,115,142,162,169],"developed":[14,91,143],"by":[15,40,83,184,210],"modeling":[16,186],"the":[17,35,41,53,60,65,84,94,97,103,113,119,122,134,139,155,165,172,175,180,185,191],"frequency":[18,56],"and":[19,57,70,81,100,164,190],"amplitude":[20,58,137],"characteristics":[21],"a":[23,72,108,149,219],"vortex":[24,36,214],"flowmeter":[25,215],"annular":[27],"mist":[28],"flow.":[29,128,227],"The":[30,197],"low-frequency":[31],"modulation":[32],"behaviors":[33],"signals":[37,61],"were":[38],"analyzed":[39],"ridge":[42],"method":[43,75,198],"based":[44,76],"on":[45,77,118],"continuous":[46],"wavelet":[47],"transform":[48],"(CWT).":[49],"It":[50],"indicates":[51],"that":[52],"instability":[54],"both":[62],"enhance":[63],"with":[64,144,154],"increase":[66],"liquid":[68,98],"loading;":[69],"therefore,":[71],"feature":[73],"extraction":[74,88],"ridge-averaged":[78],"proposed":[80,199],"validated":[82],"tests.":[85],"A":[86,129],"film":[87,99],"device":[89],"to":[92],"measure":[93],"further":[101],"obtain":[102],"droplet":[104,145],"mass":[105,146],"loading.":[106,147],"Then,":[107],"uniform":[109,130],"linear":[110],"equation":[111,132],"for":[112,133,224],"over-reading":[114],"obtained":[116],"experimentally":[117],"basis":[120],"scaling":[123],"parameter":[124],"analysis":[125],"particle-laden":[127],"exponential":[131],"dimensionless":[135],"signal":[136],"sensor":[140],"output":[141],"Finally,":[148],"model":[153],"simultaneous":[156],"equations":[157],"from":[158],"these":[159],"two":[160],"correlations":[161],"established":[163],"iterative":[166],"solution":[167],"algorithm":[168],"given.":[170],"present":[173],"cases,":[174],"percentage":[176],"errors":[177],"(PEs)":[178],"predicted":[183],"are":[187],"within":[188],"\u00b11.5%":[189],"mean":[192],"absolute":[193],"PE":[194],"is":[195],"0.37%.":[196],"article":[202],"can":[203],"achieve":[204],"using":[211],"only":[212],"one":[213],"and,":[216],"hence,":[217],"creates":[218],"simple":[220],"inexpensive":[221],"metering":[222],"system":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}